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[Page 285]
      Cary, Lott, born in Charles City, county, Virginia, in 1780. He was a negro slave, and at the age of twenty-four was sent to Richmond and hired out as a laborer. He was highly intelligent, and with little assistance learned to read and write, and in time came to be a most capable shipping clerk in a tobacco warehouse. In 1807 he became a religious convert, joined a Baptist church, and thenceforward was a leader among his people in religious matters. In 1813 he purchased freedom for himself and his two children, paying eight hundred and fifty dollars, a remarkably low price, his master having a deep sympathy for him. In 1822 he went out to Liberia as a member of the colony sent to that country that year through the efforts of William Crane (q. v.), but insisted on paying his own expenses. He was an officer of the colonization society, and in Liberia rendered invaluable service as pastor, physician, and general counsellor. On November 8, 1828, while making cartridges for use in an expected foray by slave-traders, he died from an accidental explosion.

[Pages 285-286]
      Cartwright, Peter, born in Amherst county, Virginia, September 1, 1785, son of Peter Cartwright, a revolutionary soldier, who moved his family to Kentucky while the son was a youth. the son lived a wild life to the age of sixteen, when he "came under conviction of sin," while attending a camp meeting.. He sold a favorite racing horse, gave up gambling, and after three months' struggle professed conversion. He was soon licensed as a local preacher; in 1803, at the age of eighteen, was received into the regular ministry, and was ordained an elder by Bishop Asbury three years later. In 1823 he removed to Sangamon county, Illinois. He attended all the various conferences and camp meetings, and in the latter was a most powerful and successful worker. He was opposed to slavery, and was greatly rejoiced when the Methodist Episcopal church of the North placed its seal of condemnation upon it. He was an earnest Democrat, was elected to the Illinois legislature, and in 1846 was a congressional candidate against Abraham Lincoln, who defeated him. He was a presiding elder of his church for upwards of fifty years. He was an unpolished but logical and forceful speaker, and wielded a powerful influence in religious meetings. He published several pamphlets, of which the most famous is his "Controversy with the Devil" (1853). His "Autobiography," edited by William P. Strickland, abounds in humorous incidents relating to the experiences of Mr. Cartwright at his many camp meetings. He died in Sangamon county, Illinois, September 25, 1872.

[Page 286]
      Crane, William, born in Newark, New Jersey, May 6, 1790. He was a resident of Richmond, Virginia, from 1811 to 1834, and was distinguished for his zeal in promoting the religious welfare of the colored people. He was teacher of the first school for blacks in that city, and was founder of the Richmond African Baptist Missionary Society, which sent Lott Cary out to Liberia. He was one of the founders of Richmond College, to which he gave one thousand dollars, and he made large benefactions to other educational and religious objects. He died in Baltimore, Maryland, September 28, 1806. His son, William Carey Crane, bor in Richmond, Virginia, March 17, 1816, as a Baptist minister, and at various times pastor of churches and president of colleges in Mississippi and Texas.

[Page 286]
      Fendall, Philip Ricard, born in Alexandria, Virginia, in 1794. He was educated at Princeton College, graduating in 1815, and was admitted to the bar at Alexandria in 1820, soon afterwards removing to Washington City, where he served as district attorney, 1841-45, and 1849-53. For many years he ranked as the leading advocate of the capital city. He was a brilliant writer and frequently contributed to the press on political and literary topics. He died in Washington City, February 16, 1868.

[Page 286]
      Finley, John, born at Brownsburg, Rockbridge county, Virginia, January 11, 1797. He was educated at his neighborhood schools, and in 1818 removed to Cincinnati, Ohio, and thence to Richmond, Indiana. From 1831 to 1834 he was one of the editors and proprietors of the Richmond (Indiana) "Palladium," For three years he was a member of the legislature, and enrolling clerk of the state senate for another three years. From 1838 to 1845 he was clerk of the Wayne county courts, and a mayor of Richmond (Indiana) from 1852 until his death, in that city, December 23, 1866. He was a graceful writer of verse, and his poems were collected in a volume entitled "The Hoosier's Nest, and Other Poems," published the year before h is death. The best poem in the work is the well known "Bachelors' Hall."

[Pages 286-287]
      Stuart, Ferdinand Campbell, was born in Williamsburg, Virginia, August 10, 1815. He was descended from Rev. Archibald Campbell, of Argyleshire, Scotland, who was minister of Washington parish, Westmoreland county, and of "Round Hill Church," King George county, from 1754 to 1774. Archibald Campbell had a son Archibald, who was the father of Ferdinand Stuart Campbell, professor of mathematics in William and Mary College about 1826 and later. This latter, the father of the subject of this sketch, inherited a fortune from the Stuarts of Scotland, and adding Stuart to his name called himself Ferdinand Stuart Campbell Stuart. His son, Ferdinand Campbell Stuart, studied at William and Mary College, and afterwards took medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, from which he graduated in 1837, and for five years pursued professional studies in Edinburgh and Paris. On his return, he engaged in practice in Williamsburg, Virginia, where he was family physician to President John Tyler, and who proffered him various appointments, which his devotion to his proffession obliged him to decline. He soon removed to New York City, where he was placed in charge of the medical and surgical wards of Bellevue Hospital, and also gave instructions to students in his office, as well as at clinics in 1844-45. In 1847-48, during an epidemic of typhus fever, he cared for two hundred patients daily. Hen the Staten Island Marine Hospital was established, in connection with the quarantine station, he was made its first physician. In 1855 he visited England, to obtain property left him at the death of his father. He was a member of various professional societies in Europe, as well as in the United States. The founding of the New York Academy of Medicine was largely due to his effort; he was its secretary until he removed from New York, was vice-president three years, and on several occasions was the anniversary orator. He was a leader in the movements leading to the establishment of the American Medical Association, in 1847, and a member of the committee that drafted its constitution. He was the inventor of various instruments used in genito-urinary diseases. His contributions to processional literature were numerous.

[Pages 287-288]
      Catesby, Mark, born in England, about 1680. A taste for natural science led him, after studying in London, to come to Virginia, where he arrived April 23, 1712, and occupied himself in collecting it various productions. he returned to England in 1719, with a rich collection of plants, but, at the suggestion of Sir Hans Sloane and other eminent naturalists, re-embarked for America with the purpose of collecting and describing its most curious natural objects. He arrived May 23, 1722, explored the lower part of South Carolina, and afterward lived for some time among the Indians at Fort Moore, on Savannah river, three hundred miles from the sea. He made excursions into Georgia and Florida, and, after spending three years in this country, visited the Bahama islands. He returned to England in 1726, and published in numbers "The Natural History of Carolina, Florida and the Bahama Islands." This work contained the first descriptions of several plants now cultivated in all European gardens. The figures were etched by himself from his own paintings, and the colored copies executed under his inspection. Catesby was a fellow of the Royal Society, to whose transactions he contributed a paper on "Birds of Passage" (1747), giving accounts of their migration from his own observations. He wrote "Hortus Europae Americans" (published posthumously, 1767), and other works have been attributed to him. A plant of the tetrandrous class has been called after him, Catesbea, by Gronovius. He died at London, England, Md 24, 1749. His sister, Elizabeth, married Dr. William Cocke, secretary of state of Virginia under Alexander Spotswood, and has numerous descendants in Virginia and the United States.

[Page 288]
      Bailey, Ann, was reputed to have been born in Liverpool, England, about 1725, to have been kidnapped at the age of nineteen, carried off to Virginia and sold, and to have married a man named Trotter when thirty years of age. Trotter was a soldier in Col. Lewis's regiment, and was killed by the Indians in the battle of Point Pleasant, October 10, 1774. His widow, moved by revenge, assumed male clothing and adopted the life of a scout and spy, and was often employed to convey information to the commandants of forts. In 1790 she married a soldier named John Bailey, stationed to the commandants of forts. In 1790 she married a soldier named John Bailey, stationed at Fort Clendenin, on Kanawha river. She was expert with the rifle, rode a black horse of remarkable intelligence, and made many perilous journeys from the settlements on the James and Potomac rivers to Fort Clendenin and other distant outposts. On one occasion she saved the garrison of a fort by bringing ammunition from Fort Union, now Lewisburg. After the Indian war, during which her second husband was killed, she lived with her son, William Trotter, on Kanawha river, and removed with him in 1818 to Ohio, where in old age, she taught school, displaying great mental and physical vigor. She died in Harrison township, Gallia county, Ohio, November 23, 1825.

[Page 288]
      Champe, John, born in Loudoun county, Virginia, was sergeant-major of Henry Lee's cavalry legion. After Arnold's treason he was sent by Lee to New York, at Washington's request, to discover whether another American officer (supposed to have been General Gates) was also a traitor, and to capture Arnold, if possible, and bring him before Washington. Champe departed from the American camp at Tappan, late at night, was pursued, and gained the British vessels at Paulus Hook. Taken to New York, he was examined by Sir Henry Clinton, who sent him to Arnold, who made him sergeant-major in a legion he was raising. Champe was able to send to Washington complete proof of the suspected general's innocence, but he was not so successful in the other part of his mission. Discovering that Arnold walked in his garden every night, he formed a plan with a comrade to seize and gag him, and drag him to a boat on the Hudson, and deliver him to a party on horsemen on the New Jersey shore. On the appointed night, however, Arnold moved his quarters, and the legion to which Champe belonged was sent to Virginia. Champe afterward escaped from the British army, and joined Greene's troops in North Carolina. Washington discharged him from further service, lest he should fall into the hands of the British and be hanged. In 1798 Washington wished to make him captain of an infantry company, but learned that he had died in Kentucky some time before.

[Page 289]
      Caldwell, John, born in Prince Edward county, Virginia. He removed to Kentucky in 1781, served against the Indians, and became a major-general of militia. He was a member of the Kentucky state conventions of 1787 and 1788, and of the state senate in 1792 and 1793. He was lieutenant-governor at the time of his death at Frankfort, Kentucky, November 9, 1804.

[Page 289]
      Caldwell, James, born in Charlotte county, Virginia, in April, 1734. He graduated at Princeton College, New Jersey, in 1759, and became pastor of the church in Elizabethtown. During the agitations preceding the revolution, he took an active part in arousing the spirit of rebellion, thereby incurring bitter hatred on the part of his Tory neighbors. As chaplain in the New Jersey brigade, he earned the nickname of the "soldier parson," and suffered for his patriotic zeal b having his church burned in 1780 by a party of British marauders and Tories. his family sought refuge in the village of Connecticut Farms (now Union), New Jersey, but before the close of the war a reconnoitering force from the British camps on Staten Island pillaged the place, and Mrs. Caldwell was killed by a stray bullet, while in a room praying with her two children. Her husband was at the time on duty with the army at Morristown. Shortly after (June 23, 1780), he distinguished himself in the successful defense of Springfield, New Jersey, which was attacked by a heavy British force. During the engagement he supplied the men with hymn-books from a neighboring church, to use a wadding, with the exhortation, "Now put Watts into them, boys!" He was shot by an American sentry during an altercation concerning a package, which the sentry thought it his duty to examine. The soldier was delivered to the civil authorities, tried for murder, and hanged January 29, 1782. It was commonly believed at that time that the sentry had been bribed by the British to kill the chaplain. A handsome monument commemorating the life and services of Mr. Caldwell and his wife was erected at Elizabethtown in 1846, on the sixty-fourth anniversary of his untimely death.

[Pages 289-290]
      Boucher, Jonathan, born in Blencogo, Cumberland, England, March 12, 1738. He came to America at the age of sixteen, and was for some time a private teacher, in 1762 took orders in the Anglican church, and was appointed rector of Hanover parish, King George county, and two years later of St. Mary's parish, Caroline county, Virginia. Gov. Eden gave him in 1771 the rectory of St. Anne, Annapolis, and that of Queen Anne, in St. George county, but opposed the measures looking to independence, and gave such offence to his congregation that he was obliged to return in England in 1775. He was appointed vicar of Epsom, and during the last fourteen years of his life was engaged in compiling a glossary of provincial and obsolete words. This was purchased from his family in 1831 by the proprietors of the English edition of Webster's "Dictionary," for use as an appendix to that work. He published in 1799 "A View of the Causes and consequences of the American Revolution," dedicated to Gen. Washington, consisting of fifteen discourses delivered in North America between 1763 and 1775, and containing many anecdotes illustrating the political condition of the colonies of that time. He died in Epsom, England, April 27, 1804.

[Page 290]
      Burke, Thomas, born in Ireland, about 1747, came to Virginia about 1764 and lived some years in Accomac county, where he practiced medicine. He then studied law, began practice in Norfolk, and in 1774 removed to Hillsborough, North Carolina, where he became one of the leading spirits in the revolutionary contest. While he was in Virginia, his writings in opposition to the stamp act had brought him into notice; and he had a large share in the formation of the constitution of North Carolina. He was a member of the provincial congress at Halifax in 1776, and a volunteer at the battle of Brandywine. He was a member of congress from December, 1776, until 1781, when he was chosen first governor of North Carolina under the new constitution. In September of that year he was taken by the Tories, and held as a prisoner on parole at James Island, South Carolina. He was in daily fear of assassination, and after unsuccessful efforts to obtain an exchange to some other state, he escaped on the night of January 16, 1782, after an imprisonment of four months. In a letter to Gen. Leslie, Burke gave his reasons for withdrawing, and said that he still considered himself subject to the disposal of the British authorities. He was regularly exchanged soon afterward, and resumed his duties as governor, but was defeated the following year, when a candidate for re-election, it being urged that he had violated his parole. He died in Hillsborough, North Carolina, December 2, 1783.

[Page 290]
      Baynham, William, born in Caroline county, Virginia in December, 1749. He studied medicine under Dr. Thomas Walker, and in 1769 went to London, where he became proficient in anatomy and surgery, and for several years was assistant demonstrator in St. Thomas's Hospital, London. After sixteen years' residence in England he returned to the United States and settled in Essex. He was very successful as a surgeon, and as an anatomist he had no superior. The best preparations in the museums of Cline and Cooper, in London, were made by him. He contributed to the medical journals. He died at his residence in Essex county, Virginia, December 8, 1814.

[Page 290]
      Butler, James, born in Prince William county, Virginia, removed to South Carolina about 1772, settling in what was then a frontier region. He took part in Gen. Richardson's "snow-camp expedition," and afterward in a similar expedition under Gen. Williamson, in 1776. Butler joined Gen. Lincoln near Augusta in 1779, and after the fall of Charleston, in 1780, he was one of those who refused to swear allegiance to the British crown, and was lodged in the jail at Ninety-Six. He was afterward taken to the provost of Charleston, then to the prison-ship, and was kept in close confinement for eighteen months. After his release, he was summoned to repel a foray of the Tories of his precinct, and was killed at Cloud's creek, South Carolina, in 1781.

[Pages 290-291]
      Bullitt, Alexander Scott, son of Hon. Cuthbert Bullitt and Helen Scott, his wife, daughter of Rev. James Scott, born in Prince William county, Virginia, in 1761; settled in Shelby county, Virginia (now Kentucky), in 1784. The continual depredations of the Indians caused him to remove to Jefferson county, and he settled near Sturgus' Station. He was a delegate to the convention that met at Danville in 1792 to frame the constitution of Kentucky. After its adoption, represented his county in the state senate, and was the first speaker, serving from 1792 till 1804. In 1799 he was a delegate to the constitutional convention at Frankfort, and presided at its meetings. In 1800 he became the first lieutenant-governor of Kentucky. He retired from politics in 1808, and passed the latter portion of his life on the farm in Jefferson county, where he died April 13, 1816.

[Page 291]
      Campbell, Thomas, born February 1, 1763, in Ireland. He was trained in scholarship at Glasgow University, and for the ministry under the Scottish establishment. He was descended from the Campbells of Argyle. Entering the ministry in 1798, he soon became identified with the "Seceders," and came to the United States in 1807, joined the associate synod of North America at Philadelphia, and minsitered to destitute congregations in western Pennsylvania. In 1809 he was joined by his son Alexander. On June 12, 1812, in company with is son and their joint congregations, they were immersed by Elder Luse, of the Baptists, but with a stipulation in writing that no term of union or communion should be required other than the holy scriptures. The son soon assumed the leadership, which finally resulted in the formation of the sect that is inseparably connected with the family name. Thomas Campbell labored zealously until age, and at last total blindness, compelled him to desist. He died January 4, 1854, at Bethany, West Virginia.

[Page 291]
      Callender, James Thomas, born in Scotland, came to Philadelphia, 1790, as a political refugee from England, because of the publication of a pamphlet entitled "The Political Register," and the "American Register." He subsequently became editor of the "Richmond Recorder," and denounced the administrations of Washington and Adams most violently. He was at first a supporter of Jefferson, but became his opponent. "The Prospect Before Us" and "Sketches of American History" are among his literary productions. He was drowned in James river, near Richmond, Virginia, in 1813.

[Pages 291-292]
      Catron, John, born in Wythe county, Virginia, in 1778. He was educated in the common schools, and early developed a fondness for history. He removed to Tennessee in 1812, and took up the study of the law, giving to it sixteen hours a day, for nearly four years. After serving in the New Orleans campaign under Gen. Jackson, he was elected state attorney by the Tennessee legislature. He removed to Nashville in 1818, attained high rank as a chancery lawyer, and was especially famous for enforcing the seven years act of limitations in real actions. In December, 1824, he was chosen one of the supreme judges of the state, and was chief justice from 1830 till 1836, when he was retired under the state constitution. While on the bench, he did his utmost to suppress the practice of dueling, although he had been himself a noted duellist. He was made an associate justice of the United States supreme court in March, 1837, and hld the office till his death. He was noted for his familiarity with the laws applicable to cases involving titles to western and southern lands, Judge Catron was a Democrat, but strongly opposed secession in 1861, and used his influence with members of congress and others to prevent the civil war. When it came, he was virtually banished from his state for his opinions, but returned and reopened court in 1862. He died in Nashville, Tennessee, May 30, 1865.

[Page 292]
      Campbell, John Poage, born in Augusta county, Virginia, in 1767, removed to Kentucky with his father in 1781. Receiving a good education, when nineteen years old he became preceptor of an academy at Williamsburg, North Carolina. Here he adopted atheistic views, but was converted by reading Jenyns's "Treatise on the Internal Evidence of Christianity," and, giving up the study of medicine, in which he had been engaged, resolved to become a clergyman. He was graduated at Hampden-Sidney in 1790, as licensed to preach in May, 1792, and settled in Kentucky in 1795, preaching in various places. In 1811 he was chaplain to the legislature. As his salary was insufficient for the support of his family, he was obliged to practice medicine. Dr. Campbell was a graceful preacher and an accomplished scholar. He published "The Passenger" (1804); "Strictures on Stone's Letters on the Atonement" (1805); "Vindex" (1806); "Letters to the Rev. Mr. Craighead" (1810); "The Pelagian Detected" (1811); "An Answer to Jones" (1812); and many sermons. He left a manuscript history of the western country. He died from exposure while preaching on November 4, 1814, near Chillicothe, Ohio.

[Page 292]
      Campbell, John Wilson, born in Augusta county, Virginia, February 23, 1782; his parents removed to Kentucky, and afterward to Ohio. He received a common-school education; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1808, and began practice in West Union, Ohio. He held several local offices, was prosecuting attorney for Adams and Highland counties, and a member of the Ohio legislature. He was elected to congress as a Republican, served from December 1, 1817, till March 3, 1827, and was United States judge for the district of Ohio from 1829 until his death. He died September 24, 1833, at Delaware, Ohio.

[Pages 292-293]
      Carleton, Henry, (originally named Henry Carleton Coxe), born in Virginia, in 1785. He graduated at Yale in 1806, removed to Mississippi, and finally to New Orleans, in 1814. he was a lieutenant of infantry under Gen. Jackson in the campaign that terminated January 8, 1815. He engaged in the profession of law, and soon afterward, with Mr. L. Moreau, began the translation of those portions of "Las Siete Partidas," a Spanish code of laws, that were observed in Louisiana. He became United States attorney for the eastern district of Louisiana, in 1832, and was subsequently appointed a judge of the supreme court of the state, but resigned in 1839 on account of ill health. After extended travel in Europe and this country, he settled in Philadelphia, where he devoted much attention to Biblical, theological and metaphysical studies. Notwithstanding his early life in the south and the exposure of his property to confiscation by the Confederates. he adhered steadfastly to the Union during the civil war. He published "Liberty and Necessity" (Philadelphia, 1857), and read an "Essay on the Will," before the American Philosophical Society a few days before his death, on March 28, 1863, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

[Page 293]
      Chambers, Henry, born in Lunenburg county, Virginia, about 1785. He graduated at William and Mary College in 1808, studied medicine, and settled in Alabama, where he practiced until the war of 1812, when he served as surgeon on Gen. Jackson's staff. Later he settled in Huntsville, and in 1819 was a member of the constitutional convention of Alabama. He was elected United States senator, and served from December 5, 1825, until his death, at the residence of his brother, Judge Edward Chambers, of the superior court of Virginia, while on his way to Washington. He died in Mecklenburg county, Virginia, January 25, 1826.

[Page 293]
      Cartwright, Samuel Adolphus, born in Fairfax county, Virginia, November 30, 1793. He studied medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, and began practice in Huntsville, Alabama, but removed to Natchez, Mississippi, where he labored for more than a quarter of a century, and served at one time under Gen. Jackson as surgeon. He removed to New Orleans in 1848, and in 1862 was appointed to improve the sanitary condition of the Confederate soldiers near Port Hudson and Vicksburg, and while discharging this duty he contracted the disease that caused his death. He contributed largely to medical literature, and received several medals and prizes for his investigations, especially those on yellow fever, cholera infantum and Asiatic cholera. Some of the methods of his treatment are now in use in the army and in hospitals. He died May 2, 1863, at Jackson, Mississippi.

[Page 293]
      Chalmers, Joseph W., born in Halifax county, Virginia, in 1807, son of a wealthy planter who came from Scotland, and was related to Thomas Chalmers, the celebrated divine. He was trained to mercantile pursuites, but after the death of his father, determined to be a lawyer, and after spending two years at the University of Virginia, studied law in the office of Benjamin W. Leigh, in Richmond. In 1835 he removed to Jackson, Tennessee, and in 1840 to Holly Springs, Mississippi. In 1842-43 he was vice-chancellor, In 1846 he was appointed to the United States senate to fill vacancy caused by the appointment of Senator Robert J. Walker to the head of the treasury department, and was subsequently elected for the remainder of the term, but at its close he declined re-election and resumed the practice of law, being succeeded by Jefferson Davis. He served in the senate from December 7, 1845, till March 3, 1847. He was a steadfast States Right Democrat, and warmly supported Gen. Cass for president in 1848, and John A. Quitman and Jefferson Davis in their contests with Henry S. Foote in 1851. He died at Holly Springs, Mississippi, in June, 1853.

[Pages 293-294]
      Robinson, Beverley, born in Virginia, in 1723; son of John Robinson, president of the council of Virginia in 1734, and speaker of the house of burgesses. He served under Wolfe as a major at the storming of Quebec in 1759, and became wealthy by his marriage with Susanna, daughter of Frederick Phillipse, of New York. He opposed the British measures that led to the revolution, but joined the loyalists, went to New York, and raised the Loyal American regiment, of which he was colonel, and also commanded the corps called "the guards and pioneers." He was employed in matters of importance on behalf of the Royalists. He opened a correspondence with the Whig leaders, relative to their return to their allegiance, and was concerned in Arnold's treason. His country mansion was Arnold's headquarters while the latter was arranging his plan. After the conviction of André, Col. Robinson, as a witness, accompanied Sir Henry Clinton's commission to Washington's headquarters to plead for André's life. He had previously addressed Washington on the subject, and in his letter reminded him of their former friendship. After the war, he went to New Brunswick, and was a member of the first council of that colony, but did not take his seat. He subsequently went to England with part of his family, and resided near Bath, till his death. his wife was included in the confiscation act of New York, and the estate derived from her father passed from the family. As a compensation for the loss, the British government granted her husband £17,000 sterling. She died at Thornbury in 1822, aged ninety-four years. he had five sons in the British army, all of whom attained distinction. Beverley was a member of the council of New Brunswick; Morris was a lieutenant-colonel; John was a member of the council, deputy paymaster and treasurer; Frederick was a lieutenant-general and knighted, and William Henry was commissary-general and was also knighted.

[Page 294]
      Thomas, Isaac, born in Virginia, about 1735. He was an early Indian trader, and about 1755 located among the Cherokees, near Fort Loudoun. His immense strength and courage commanded great respect from the Indians. On one occasion he interfered in a feud between two Cherokees braves who had drawn tomahawks upon each other, and tore the weapons from their hands, when they both attacked him. He lifted one after the other into the air, and threw them into the Tellico river. One of the Indians subsequently saved his life at the Fort Loudoun massacre, of which it is said that he and two others were the sole survivors. After peace was restored, he again settled among the Cherokees, making his home at their capital, Echota, where, in a log-cabin, he kept the trader's usual stock. He was on very friendly terms with Nancy Ward, the Cherokee prophetess, who early in 1776 told him of the hostile designs of the Indians. He at once sent a trusty messenger to John Sevier and James Robertson at Watauga, but remained behind till the actual outbreak of hostilities. At midnight on July 7, 1776, Nancy Ward again came to his cabin and urged him to leave the settlements. At great risk he made the journey, and a few days later was with the little garrison of forty that repelled the attack of Oconostota on the fort at Watauga. Sevier probably could not have held out if he had not received the warning. Soon afterward he piloted the expedition that laid waste the Indian country, and, for twenty years afterwards he acted as guide to Gen. Sevier in nearly all of his campaigns against the Creeks and Cherokees. Soon after the revolution he relinquished trade with the Indians, and settled upon an extensive farm in Sevier county. He called his settlement Sevierville, in honor of his general, and the place is now one of the most beautiful localities in the state of Tennessee. He died in Sevierville, Tennessee, in 1819.