Middlesex County

Biographies 1664-1920
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History of Middlesex County, New Jersey 1664- 1920
Volume II 1921 : Lewis Historical Publishing Company, Inc. New York and Chicago
Transcribed by: Martha A Crosley Graham – Pages 401-501

Note: Use Ctrl-F to search
Note: Pages 414 & 415 are missing, thus no Biography for Cutter, Ephriam and only a partial for Cottrell, Judson D

ANDREW KEYES.—A half century ago William and Mary (Irvine) Keyes came from Ireland to the United States, where William Keyes engaged as a farmer at Englishtown, New Jersey. Later they moved to Rahway, New Jersey, where their son Andrew was born, he now a successful contractor of Woodbridge, Middlesex county, New Jersey, and an esteemed citizen.
Andrew Keyes was born in Rahway, New Jersey, June 15, 1883, and there attended the public schools. Later he completed a course in the New Jersey Business College, Newark, New Jersey, entering the clerical employ of the Pennsylvania railroad immediately after graduation. He continued a clerk in the Newark freight office of the Pennsylvania until 1906, when he became a lineman with the Public Service Corporation at Perth Amboy, and six years later, in 1912, began business in Wood­bridge, New Jersey, as a contractor, and there continues a prosperous business.
In politics Mr. Keyes is a Republican, and since 1911 has been town­ship clerk, now serving his tenth consecutive year. He is a member of the Masonic order, the Knights of Pythias, Royal Arcanum, and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He and his family are mem­bers of St. Paul's Protestant Episcopal Church of Rahway, New Jersey.
Mr. Keyes married, in Rahway, in 1905, Mary A. Marson, daughter of John and Mary Ann Gordon (Bunch) Marson, her parents of English birth, they coming to the United States a half century ago. Mr. and Mrs. Keyes are the parents of two children: John Andrew, and Behatta Alice.
. The family home is in Woodbridge, where the family are highly esteemed. Mr. Keyes has proven a most efficient town clerk and has given to his office the same careful attention that he gives to his private affairs. In his business relations he is honorable and upright, holding public confidence to a remarkable degree.

ARTHUR EDWARD WARNER, president and manager of the Perth Amboy Printing Company, who in the last three years has become prominently identified with the business life of Middlesex county, and politics of New Jersey, particularly of Union county, is a member of a New England family and a native of East Providence, Rhode Island, where his birth occurred May 15, 1878. His father, Edward Pike Warner, was also born in that town, in 1843, and resided there during his entire life. The elder Mr. Warner was engaged in business at East Providence, and was connected with the Department of Roads for many years,. being one of the prominent residents of the town. His death occurred there in 1919, at the age of seventy-five. He married Sarah Medbury, by whom he had two children : Alvah F., now a newspaper man of Schenectady, New York; and Arthur Edward, of whom further.
Arthur Edward Warner attended the local schools of East Providence as a lad, and was prepared for college at the high school, from which he graduated in 1898, at the age of twenty years. Later he matriculated at Dartmouth College, and was graduated from there with the class of 19o4, having in the meantime done considerable work in connection with various Rhode Island newspapers. After completing his studies he did not, however, at once continue with his journalistic work, but accepted a position as vice-principal and instructor of mathematics and sciences at the Newport Academy, Newport, Vermont. He found that the more active life of the newspaper man made a stronger appeal to him, and after one year in the above position, became editor of the "Daily Eagle," of Lawrence, Massachusetts. His next post was as city editor of the "Telegram," of Bridgeport, Connecticut, and after six years in this position he became acting editor of the Hartford "Post."' He was later associated with the New Haven "Register." This was Mr. Warner's last New England paper, and from New Haven he came to New Jersey to take the post of assistant editor of the "Daily Journal" of Elizabeth. From the latter place he went to Newark and became associated with the "Star-Eagle" of that city, remaining with that publication until 1917. In that year he severed his connection with the "Star-Eagle" and gave up direct newspaper work in order to estab­lish the Perth Amboy Printing Company, of Perth Amboy, his present concern, with himself as president and manager. This company is the successor of the job department of the Perth Amboy "Evening News," and its career as a separate organization under the directions of Mr. Warner has been eminently successful. The shop and offices are located at No. 70 Smith street, and there a large business is done in the printing of periodicals, catalogues, job work and stationery, the firstclass quality of the work and service recommending it highly to the community. The establishment is carried on in a most efficient and businesslike manner, the equipment being of the most modern type and adequate to care for every kind of highclass and fancy printing.
Since coming to Perth Amboy, Mr. Warner has interested himself actively in local and State politics, dnd his grasp of practical affairs has already carried him far. He is associated with the local organization of the Republican party and in 1918 was elected a member of the New Jersey State Legislature, a post in which he has served the best interests of his constituents and the community-at-large in a highly efficient manner. He was appointed by Governor Edge, in 1919, as a member of the commission to urge upon Congress a Federal appropriation for the Intra-State canal from Bordentown to Morgan, and was chairman of the House Commission on Domestic Relations and Juvenile Courts, besides serving on the Appropriations Committee of the State of New Jersey for three years.
Mr. Warner is also prominent in social and fraternal circles, and is a member of the Loyal Order of Moose; the Improved Order of Red Men ; and the Junior Order of United American Mechanics. His clubs are the Dartmouth of New York City, and the University of Bridgeport, Connecticut. Mr. Warner is a Baptist in religious belief, and is a mem­ber of the Central Church of that denomination of Elizabeth, New Jersey.
Mr. Warner was united in marriage, September 4, 1901, at Riverside, Rhode Island, with Nellie Benning Allen, a daughter of Samuel and Helen (Reynolds) Allen, now both deceased.

JOSEPH JOHN KEENEN, proprietor of the successful boiler-mak­ing establishment at No. 396 Division street, Perth Amboy, New Jersey, one of the rapidly growing enterprises of the city, is a native of Cali­fornia, his birth having occurred in the city of San Francisco, December 8, 1865. He is of Irish parentage, his father, Jeremiah Matthew Keenen, having been born in Ireland, and there spent his childhood days.
The elder Mr. Keenen came to the United States in company with his parents when quite young, the family settling for a time at Hackensack, New Jersey. Later, however, the young man went to California, and, settling in San Francisco, there developed a boiler-making business, in which he continued successfully for a great number of years. He now reside:, in that city at the venerable age of eighty-two years. Jeremiah Matthew Keenen married Hannah Kennedy, in San Francisco, and they were the parents of seven children, as follows: James, who now occu­pies the position of chief engineer with the Pacific Mail Steamship Line Company; William, who is a member of the City Fire Department of San Francisco; Thomas, who volunteered for service in the Spanish-American War, and met his death in action during that conflict in the Philippine Islands ; Joseph John, with whose career we are here espe­cially concerned ; Mary, who married John Howley, and they reside in San Francisco; Ellen, who married Robert James Kennedy, and they make their home in Seattle, Washington ; and Catherine, who married John Douglass, and they make their home at Auckland, New Zealand.
Joseph John Keenen passed his childhood in his native city of San Francisco, and attended the parochial school of St. Francis Xavier's Church until he had reached the age of seventeen years. He then entered his father's boiler-making shop and there learned the trade that he has followed ever since. After serving an apprenticeship of several years, he came to Perth Amboy, New Jersey, in 1902, to take the posi­tion of foreman in the boiler-works of P. White & Sons, and continued to hold the some for a period of twelve years, during which time he not only perfected his knowledge of every detail of the work, but also gained considerable familiarity with the business side of the establishment. In 1914, having amassed a sufficient capital, he terminated his associa­tion with that firm and engaged in the same line of business on his own account. Mr. Keenen met with success from the outset of his venture, and now owns a large and developing business, with shop and office at No. 396 Division street, Perth Amboy. The scrupulous honesty with which he has always conducted his affairs, together with the quality of his work and the materials which he uses, have gained for him the well-merited esteem of the business and industrial world, and a reputa­tion which is the basis of his success.
Mr. Keenen has always interested himself in the questions and issues of the day, as well as in local affairs, but although his fitness for public office is apparent, and he has had several opportunities to become a can­didate, he has consistently refused all offers of the kind and confined himself to the conduct of his business affairs. He is a Democrat in politics, and is well known in local social circles, being a member of the Benevo­lent and Protective Order of Elks, the Knights of Columbus, and the Ancient Order of Hibernians. In his religious belief Mr. Keenen is a Roman Catholic and attends St. Mary's Church of that denomination at Perth Amboy. He is an active member of the parish and belongs to the Holy Name Society connected with his church. Mr. Keenen has always taken keen pleasure in open air sports and pastimes, especially in hunting and fishing, his favorite hunting ground being his native State of California, where he delights to stalk the big game of the region, making occasional trips to that section.
Mr. Keenen was united in marriage, June 18, 1908, at Perth Amboy, with Mary F. Smith, a native of that city. She is a daughter of James Smith, a proprietor of one of the oldest blacksmith shops of the city, situated on King street. He served at his trade when Perth Amboy was but a village, for some sixty years. He died July 3, 1920.

JOSEPH BRUCK.—In the retail distribution of fine footwear, one of the most complex of any one line of merchandising, Joseph Bruck, of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, meets an everyday need of the people.
The name of Bruck is an old one in Hungary. Maurice Samuel Bruck, Mr. Bruck's father, owned a large jewelry store in the city of Unghvar, Hungary. He was a prosperous and highly respected citizen, and besides this mercantile establishment he handled extensive government contracts. He lived and died in Hungary, reaching the age of fifty-five years. He married Mary Weinburg, also a native of that country. She survived her husband for a long time, and died at the age of seventy-three, in Hungary. They had ten children: Johanna, deceased; Sigmund, deceased; Cecilia, now a resident of New York City, and the widow of Max Blau ; Caeser, deceased ; Antonia, married and lives in the city of Rosenau, Hungary; Rosalia, a widow, resides in Budapest, Hungary; Isador, a resident of Brooklyn, New York; Joseph, of further mention; Louis, deceased ; and Samuel, now living in Brooklyn, New York.
Joseph Bruck was born in Hungary, January I, 1863: He attended school there until 1879, when his ambition leaped ahead of the oppor­tunities he saw in that environment and he came to the younger country across the seas. He located in New York City, where he obtained work in a book bindery. Realizing the importance of practical education in the struggle of life, he was a regular attendant at evening school, making the most of this opportunity to become thoroughly familiar with the language and customs of the country. With mental equipment won by diligent application, he secured a position on the road in the employ of a grocery house, holding same for two years. At the end of that time he was ambitious to branch out for himself, so started a store and auction room in New York City. He followed this successfully for two years, then removed to Perth Amboy and started a wholesale and retail grocery store on State street. This was in 1893, and he continued in that busi­ness for ten years. Then, in 1903, he established the present business on Smith street. For the past fifteen years he has been at his present location at No. 140 Smith street, and this has come to be recognized as the largest shoe store in Middlesex county.
Apart from the shoe business, Mr. Bruck has extensive real estate interests, and takes great interest in the building up of unimproved districts. He is a keenly enthusiastic motorist, and few people have a greater familiarity with the topography of the surrounding country. He is a member of the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, and of the Knights of Pythias.
Mr. Bruck married, March 7, 1893, Stella Eisner, daughter of Emanuel and Barbara (Gottlieb) Eisner, of Bohemia, she born in that country, June 19, 1864. Her father died in Bohemia, after which her mother joined her in Perth Amboy, and there her mother died. Mr. and Mrs. Bruck are the parents of three children : Mary, who died in infancy; Irene Agnes Sarah, who was born May 2, 1895; and Maurice Samuel, born July 29, 1896. The family worship at Temple Beth Mordecai.

WILLARD PAYNE MELICK.—The Melicks of Woodbridge, New Jersey, were early interested in the clay industry, and there, engaged in that industry, Joel Melick spent his life. He was born in Woodbridge, September 5, 1838, and there died, August 31, 189o. He married Anne E. Payne, born in Woodbridge, October 7, 1841, and they were the parents of Willard Payne Mclick, secretary of Powell's, Inc., No. 411-415 Canal street, New York City.
Willard Payne Melick was born in Woodbridge, New Jersey, October 2, 1870, and there completed the grade and high school courses of study, finishing with high school graduation, class of 1888. He then increased his educational advantages by a full course at the Coleman Business College, Newark, New Jersey. After graduation, in 1889, he was vari­ously employed, and in November, 189o, entered the employ of A. M. Powell, at No. 154 Chambers street, New York City. He began as a bookkeeper and cashier, and has never severed his connection with the business that first claimed him in 189o. In 1910 the business was incor­porated as Powell's, Inc., with the following officers: Alexander M. Powell, president; Joseph B. Powell, vice-president; Robert J. Powell, vice-president; Willard P. Melick, secretary; and Alexander W. Powell, treasurer. The business of the house is wholesale confectionery, and they are also proprietors of Powell's Chocolate Mills.
Mr. Melick is a Republican in politics, and a member of the First Presbyterian Church of Woodbridge.
Mr. Melick married, in Woodbridge, May 18, 1892, Edith Jeannette Lawson, danghter of Peter and Rachel (Lyons). Lawson. Mr. and Mrs. Mack are the parents of .a son, Edwin W., and a daughter, Jeannette.
Edwin' W. Melick enlisted in the United States army during the World War, 1917-18, serving with the Motor Section Headquarters Troops, First Army of the American Expeditionary Forces, attaining the rank of sergeant. He was honorably discharged and mustered out in June, 1919. The family home is at No. 204 Green street, Woodbridge, New Jersey.

COLONEL J. BLANCHARD EDGAR.—The Edgars, since coming from Scotland to Middlesex county, New Jersey, about 1720, have varied farming with business operations, the heads. of each generation having been either men of large affairs or substantial farmers. Thomas Edgar was the first of the family in Woodbridge, and. he• received a large tract of land, upon which a homestead was erected, which in its •day was one of the handsomest and most substantial in the county. The land 'adjoining and surrounding the homestead. was extensive, and a considerable portion descended to William Edgar, the great-grandfather of Colonel J.' B. Edgar, and to his son, Major William Edgar, one of the leading men of his day, a member of the New Jersey Legislature, a founder and first president of the Farmers' and Merchants' Bank of Rahway. He married Phoebe S: Baker, and they were the parents of thirteen children, one of these being John B. Edgar, father of Colonel J. Blanchard Edgar, who built the home in which his son was born, and where the family resides.
John B. Edgar was born at the old Edgar homestead, in 1809, and died at his farm in April, 1882. He attended the district school, and from youth was employed about the farm, later adopting agriculture as his life work; he became one of the successful, substantial farmers of Wood­bridge. He bought his own farm when quite young, and built a com­fortable residence thereon. He made a specialty of blooded cattle, sheep and swine, and was a large exhibitor at the fair held at Trenton by the .New Jersey State Fair Association, of *which he was a charter member.
He was a man well read and well informed, public-spirited and energetic, particularly interested' in road improvement, a subject upon which he was far in advance of his neighbors. He could never be prevailed upon to accept any other office than that of overseer of roads, and that he was always: willing to, take, as it enabled him to. accomplish needed improvements. He was a Presbyterian in his religious belief, a Whig and later a Republican in politics. He loved his farm. not as a farm, but as his home, and there hospitality abounded.
Mr. Edgar married (first). Anna Louise Ross, who died in 1863, daughter of William, M: Ross, a merchant of New York City, and later in life lived at Metuchen, New Jersey, where he was an elder of the Presbyterian church. A sister of Mrs. Edgar married Amos Robins, a leading Middlesex county Democrat, who sat in both houses of the Legislature, and for several terms was president of the Senate. Mr. and Mrs. Edgar were the parents of six children: Eugene R.; Rufus N.; J. Blanchard, of further mention ; Margaret, Josephine, and Catherine. Mr. Edgar married (second) Catherine Bevier, of Ulster county, New York, who with her infant child passed away.
J. Blanchard Edgar, the last survivor of the children of John B. and Anna Louise (Ross) Edgar, was born at the homestead built by his father at Woodbridge, New Jersey, May 7, 1843, and died December 28, 1920. After preparaticn at Rev. David H. Pierson's School, at Elizabeth, New Jersey, he entered Rutgers College, whence he was graduated in the class of '66. He decided to become a lawyer, and so entered the offices of Parker & Keasby, of Newark, New Jersey, as a student, but pressing calls were made for his help in the management of the home farm, and he gave up his own ambition to become,his father's assistant. Some years later he was appointed to a position in the United States Custom House, New York City, a position he held several years. He then spent ten years in charge of the lumber interests of the Domes­tic Sewing Machine Company of Newark, New Jersey, then operated on his own account in West Virginia and other timber sections. The lure of the land then proved the stronger, and he became owner of the homestead upon which he was born, and there resided until his death. He operated the farm as a dairying proposition largely, maintaining a herd of seventy-five cows, and serving a choice class of customers in Rahway with the products of his dairy.
Colonel Edgar was a member of the State militia for over twenty years, serving at one time as a member of the general staff of the gov­ernor's, with the rank of colonel, and for several years was a member of the Woodbridge Board of Education. His college fraternity was Zeta Psi, and he was a member of the Masonic order. Politically he was a Republican.
Colonel Edgar married Harriett B. Collins, of New Britain, Connec­ticut:, and they were the parents of five children: Anna Louise, who is the wife of Willard C. Freeman, of Rahway, New Jersey; Blanchard Collins, who resides at Nashville, Tennessee, and is vice-president and general manager of the Tennessee Power Company; Gertrude, the wife of Cornelius T. Myers, of Avenel, New Jersey; Marguerite, the wife of Henry D. Tucker, of Rahway, New Jersey; and Natalie, who is now (1921) at home. Colonel Edgar was interred in the cemetery at Rahway, New Jersey.

JOHN ELLIOT BRECKENRIDGE.—From the time he received his degree from Yale University more than, a quarter of a century ago, Mr. Breckenridge has been engaged in the chemical industry, being now chief chemist of the American Agricultural Chemical Company, and an authority on many matters connected with his department. He has written extensively on chemical topics, his articles appearing in current chemical journals.
John Elliot Breckenridge, son of John Albert and Harriet (Kellogg) Breckenridge, was born at Palmer, Massachusetts, May 4, 1873. He completed public school education with graduation from Palmer High School, class of 1891, then entered Yale University, whence he was graduated with honors in chemistry, class of 1896. Immediately after graduation from Yale University, he began professional work with the Liebig Manufacturing Company, continuing with that company as chem­ist until accepting his present position, chief chemist of the American Agricultural Chemical Company, at No. 2 Rector street, New York City. The company is an important one, Mr. Breckenridge having seventeen laboratories under his charge and direction. He is a member of the American Chemical Society; Association for the Advancement of Sci­ence; Society of Chemical Industry, and was for several years chairman of the fertilizer division of the American Chemical Society.
In politics Mr. Breckenridge is a Republican, and was chairman of the township committee of Woodbridge towhship, Middlesex county, New Jersey, for two years, 1918-19. He is an elder of the First Presby­terian Church of Woodbridge ; member of the Ir;ependent Order of Foresters; and Yale Alumni Association.
Mr. Breckenridge married, October 26, 1898, Amanda G. Edgar, daughter of William and Amelia (Gray) Edgar. They are the parents of two children : Marian Edgar, born December 26, 1900, now a junior at Wellesley College, class of 1922; and Harriet Amelia, born May 31, 1906. The family home is at No. 198 Green street, Woodbridge, New Jersey.

J. EDWARD HARNED.—Active in the community life of Wood­bridge, New Jersey, a locality in which he drew his earliest breath, Mr. Harned has through his business activities and personal character­istics won the respect and confidence of all who knew him, and that includes practically everyone in the town.
Mr. Harned is a son of the late Dr. Samuel P. and Fannie C. (Blood-good) Harned, his mother of old New Jersey family, a daughter of James Bloodgood, of Woodbridge. Dr. Harned was a medical practi­tioner in Woodbridge many years, continuing until his death in 1898. He was the son of William Harned, of ancient New York family, who came to Woodbridge in 1856, his son, Samuel P., then being a young man. Dr. Samuel P. Harned there practiced his profession with suc­cess and honor for a long teem of years, passing away at the age of sixty-two, after having been a resident of Woodbridge for nearly half a century.
J. Edward Harned was born in Woodbridge, New Jersey, October 15, 1875, and there passed all the grades of the public schools, graduating from the high school with honors in 1891. The year following his grad­uation he entered the grocery business in Woodbridge as clerk, contin­uing until 1898, when he entered the employ of the Central railroad at Sewaren. In 1901 he took a position as bookkeeper with Fayerweather & Ladew, of New York City, then the largest manufacturers of leather belting in the world. He continued in the employ of this firm for sev­eral years, finally becoming head accountant and assistant secretary. He later became associated with the publishing house of Frank A. Mun­sey & Company, as an accountant. His engagement with Mr. Munsey was a brief one, his health failing a few months after he made this connection to such an extent that it was necessary for him to work in the open air. As he was not in a position to finance a long period of rest, even for health purposes, he secured an out-of-door position with the Prudential Life Insurance Company. He acted as collector and agent for that company at Woodbridge for three years, 1909-1912, then resigned and opened a real estate office in Woodbridge under his own name.
Since 1912, Mr. Harned has operated a successful real estate business, his office now being in the Post Office building. He was one of the organizers of the Woodbridge Building and Loan Association, of which he is now a director. A Democrat in politics, he has long been connected with public civic life. From 1906 until 1912 he was town clerk; 1912-13, township treasurer; 1913-16, secretary of the Middlesex County Board of Taxation ; and since April, 1918, has been postmaster of Woodbridge.
Mr. Flamed married, in "The Little Church Around the Corner," in New York City, September 20, 1906, Mabel E. Steil, daughter of William and Emma (Huber) Steil. Mr. and Mrs. Harned are the parents of four children : Warren P., Helen E., Katherine V., and Emily L. The family are attendants of the First Congregational Church of Woodbridge.

WALTER GREEN QUACKENBUSH.—Good roads form one of the big issues of the day, not only in State and county politics, but in the daily welfare of a large percentage of the population. Middlesex county, New Jersey, takes a justifiable pride in her excellent roads, and since 1918 Walter Green Quackenbush has been at the head of this important branch of the county business.
The name of Quackenbush dates back several generations in New Jersey. Allen Peter Quackenbush, father of Walter Green Quackenbush, was born in Monmouth county, and died in Middlesex county, at the age of seventy-three years; he was a lifelong farmer. He married Mary Magee, who was also born in Monmouth county, and died in Middlesex county, at the age of sixty-seven. They were the parents of thirteen children, of whom seven are now living: Richard, Experience, William, Luther, Ella, Allen, and Walter Green, of whom further.
Walter Green Quackenbush was born in Madison township, Mid­dlesex county, New Jersey, on August 31, 1867, on his father's farm, the old family homestead. He attended school in the nearest district, then worked on the farm with his father until he was twenty-two years of age. He then went to Matawan, New Jersey, where he learned the trade of mason. He followed this trade for a number of years, going about wherever fine construction work offered interesting employment, and thus covering a large part of the State. Then, in 1901, he came to Perth Amboy, where he remained until 1918 in the same line of work, analso doing a very considerable amount of road construction. In 1918 he was elected road supervisor of Middlesex county, which office he now holds.
Mr. Quackenbush is a Republican by political affiliation. He is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks; of the Knights of the Golden Eagle; and of the Improved Order of Red Men. His main hobby is of the outdoor kind, that of hunting, and he is a member of the New Brunswick Shooting Club, and considered an excellent shot.
Mr. Quackenbush married, in Freehold, New Jersey, May II, 1887, Annie Grace Preston, daughter of Henry and Ellen (Miller) Preston, who was born in Hawkeshead, England. Her parents were both born in England, and both died in Matawan, New Jersey. Mrs. Quacken­bush's grandfather, John Preston, died in Middlesex county, near Old Bridge, New Jersey, at the age of one hundred and four years, five months and ten days. He always voted the Republican ticket. Mr. and Mrs. Quackenbush are the parents of four children, all living: Arlie, born on January 9, 1888, and now the wife of Alfred Therkelsen, of Perth Amboy ; Maud, born on September 20, 1890, and now the wife of Abram Mason ; Percy James, born on January 4, 1897, who was graduated from the University of Michigan in the class of 1920; and Walter Earl, born on January 8, 19o7. .The family are members of the Episcopal church, and active in all the social and welfare work of the same.

VICTOR HERBERT GILLIS.—Among the well known ship­builders of New Jersey and New England is Alexander Gillis, father of our subject, who was born on Prince Edward Island, Canada, in 1851. He learned the ship carpenter's trade and was employed in Nova Scotia, Canada, where his son, Victor H., was born, and later in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, and Providence, Rhode Island, dying in the last-named city in 1920. He married Anne Ellis, and they were the parents of Victor Herbert Gillis, now holding executive position with the Roessler & Hasslacher Chemical Company of Perth Amboy, New Jersey.
Victor Herbert Gillis was born in South Maitland, Nova Scotia, Canada, March 12, 1882. Soon afterward his parents moved to Perth Amboy, New Jersey, where he was educated in the public school, finish­ing With the high school graduating class of 1899. He entered business life with the Tietjen & Lang Dry Dock Company, but after a few months, shipped before the mast for an ocean voyage and for eighteen months remained at sea. He tried various occupations, remaining two years in the freight department of the Central Railroad of New Jersey as clerk, 1902-05, then from 1904-07 was with the C. Pardee Company of Perth Amboy, finally, in 1907, forming a connection with the Roessler & Hass­lacher Chemical Company of Perth Amboy. He has risen to an im­portant position with that company and is highly regarded by the company's officials. He is an independent in politics; a member of the Raritan Yacht and Chemical clubs of Perth Amboy; and the Bentley Yacht Club of Tottenville, Staten Island, New York. He and his family are members of the Presbyterian church of Perth Amboy.
Mr. Gillis married, in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, in 1905, Laura Tunis, daughter of Charles S. and Ella (Peacock) Tunis. Mr. and Mrs. Gillis are the parents of three children: Helen G., Marjorie, and Catherine S.

BERNARD M. GANNON.—A familiar figure in the business world of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, is Bernard M. Gannon, of Gannon & Sheehy, the leading haberdashers of Perth Amboy.
Mr. Gannon is a son of John and Mary (Clancy) Gannon, both of whom were born in Ireland, and emigrated to this country early in life. They made their home in Port Jervis, New York, Mr. Gannon entering the employ of the Erie railroad, where he was continuously employed for fifty years.
Bernard M. Gannon was born in Port Jervis, New York, where he attended school until fifteen years of age. Being active and full of spirit, the boy started out to make his way in the world, taking the line of railroad work as his choice. He entered the yards of the West Shore railroad, wiping engines for a beginning. He remained with the West Shore for four years, then went on the New York Cer tral railroad as a fireman. While working in that capacity he had an accident which deprived him of the use of his right hand, and thereafter, during his connection with the New York Central, was a station agent. He came to Perth Amboy in 1893 and acted as joint agent for the Staten Island railroad and the United States Express Company.
In 1903 Mr. Gannon became associated with his present partner, and the firm of Gannon & Sheehy was formed for the purpose of estab­lishing a retail business in men's furnishings and haberdashery. The venture was successful •from the very beginning, and the attractive store at No. 92 Smith street has become the popular shopping mart for the fastidious men of Perth Amboy and its vicinity.
Mr. Gannon has long been interested in the public matters of the city, having been called upon repeatedly to serve in public capacities. In i9ot he was elected alderman from the Second Ward; in 1902, elected assemblyman; in 1907 again elected alderman'; in 1909 county clerk, which latter office he has held continuously ever since. He is a Demo­crat in his political affiliation, and a member of the Perth Amboy Demo­cratic Club. He is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks; of the Knights of Columbus; and of the Hibernians. He also is a member of the East Jersey Club; of the Raritan Yacht Club; and of the Union Club, of New Brunswick.
Mr. Gannon married, in New York City, in 1900, Catherine Maher, who has since died. Mr. Gannon has three children: Catherine, John, and Mary. He resides in Metuchen.

SAMUEL S. BURLOCK.—To the intelligence, industry and thrift of her agriculturists, more than to all other causes combined, does Mid­dlesex county, New Jersey, owe her remarkable development. The farm owned by Samuel S. Burlock and his wife was brought to its present condition by Louis Kolb, a native of Germany, who came to this country in 1853 and settled in Newark, New Jersey, where at the age of twenty-one he became a citizen of the United States, and where he worked at his trade, that of hat finishing. In 1861 Mr. Kolb married Christina Schaffer, also a native of Germany, and they were the parents of five children, two sons and three daughters, all born in Newark, in the public schools of which place they received their education. Mr. Kolb had the misfortune to lose his arm, so was compelled to give up his trade. He bought the farm which had laid idle for over twenty years, and by hard work succeeded in clearing it. He built a residence thereon, and set out the grounds with all kinds of fruit trees spited to that cli­mate. In 'goo Mr. and Mrs. Burlock purchased this farm and made it their home, Mr. Burlock remaining, however, with the ntnnsylvania railroad.
Samuel S. Burlock .is a native of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, born September 4, 1843, a son of Samuel DeForest Burlock, a native of New York City, and Lydia Ann (Smith) Burlock, a native of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The elder Mr. Burlock was an enterprising business man, devoting his entire time and attention to the publishing trade, from which he derived a lucrative livelihood.
Samuel S. Burlock was a student in the public schools of Philadelphia. He learned the trade of book binding in his father's publishing house, becoming thoroughly expert in that line, but he did not follow it for his active business career, as he entered the employ of the Pennsylvania rail­road, in whose service he continued until he attained the age limit for their employees, then was retired on a pension.
Mr. Burlock is a veteran of the Civil War. He enlisted in Philadel­phia, Pennsylvania, August 7, 1862, serving sixteen months, when he was honorably discharged. He is a member of the Protestant Episcopal church, and whatever conduces to the betterment of the community receives from him an earnest support.
Mr. Burlock married (second) in New York City, April to, 188g, Catherine Christina Kolb, born in Newark, New Jersey, January 13, 1862, a daughter of Louis and Christina (Schaffer) Kolb, the former owners of the Burlock farm. By a former marriage Mr. Burlock has a son, Horace V. Burlock, who is employed by the New York Central railroad; he is the father of two sons and one daughter, the latter a teacher in the public schools of New York City. Also, by a previous marriage, Mrs. Catherine C. (Kolb-Wenzler) Burlock had a son, Harry Wenzler, who was raised by Mr. Burlock and given the name of Bur-lock; he was born in Newark, New Jersey, May 25, 1883. He is a prosperous farmer, and the father of four children, two sons and two daughters, who represent the third generation of the Kolb family born in America.

PHILIP LEO SCHWARTZ, D. D. S., is more than usually well supplied with talents by which he may earn a livelihood. He has been on the staff of a daily periodical ; has written upon professional sub­jects for magazines; is at present an instructor upon medical subjects;and also is a dentist with a large practice which occupies most of his time.
Born in New Brunswick, Dr. Schwartz is the son of Herman Schwartz, a cigar manufacturer in New Brunswick, where he has con­ducted an establishment for many years at No. 84 Albany street, his home being at No. 19 Kirkpatrick street. Mrs. Schwartz was Malvina Rosenberg, the daughter of Rev. Daniel Rosenberg, a prominent divine, located in New York City. Mr. and Mrs. Herman Schwartz have six children, all living at the present time. Their son, Philip Leo Schwartz, has enjoyed the advantages arising from a good, fundamental education, having been a pupil in the grammar schools, from which he graduated in 1909, followed by a four years' course at the high school, graduating in 1913. Immediately after leaving school, the young man held the position of assistant advertising manager of the New Brunswick "Daily Times." After a short business experience, Dr. Schwartz entered the New York College of Dental Surgery, which institution, after a complete course of instruction, conferred upon him the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery, in 1917. For six months after his graduation from college, Dr. Schwartz was located in Trenton, but at the end of that time he opened an office in New Brunswick, in October, 1917, and began the practice of his profession here, his office being at No. 101 Albany street, in the Montalvo building.
Dr. Schwartz is at the present time assistant oral surgeon at the Vanderbilt clinic in New York City, and instructor in anesthesia at Columbia University in the post-graduate course of dental surgery. Dr. Schwartz also devotes part of his time to charitable work, being a mem­ber of the staff on oral surgery at St. Peter's Hospital, New Brunswick. His particular work is in the line of dental surgery, using the X-ray in connection with his work. Dr. Schwartz has also contributed several excellent articles treating on professional subjects to the "Dental Cosmos Magazine," one being "The Treatment of Facial Neuralgia by Alcoholic Injections." and another article upon "The Removal of Redundant Tis­sues of the Mouth."
The various societies having connection with professional matters are some of Dr. Schwartz's many interests. He is a member of ; The Middlesex County Dental Society, of which he is secretary ; the New Jersey State Dental Society ; the National Dental Association ; and the Middlesex County Professional Guild, being treasurer of same. In club life he is also quite active, being a member of the New Brunswick Lodge of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and the New Brunswick Country Club, this last affording him the opportunity to indulge in his favorite game of golf. Dr. Schwartz is not married.

EPHRAIM CUTTER—As a legal practitioner at Woodbridge, New Jersey, Mr. Cutter has passed his professional life, which began in 1877 with his admission to the New Jersey bar. He opened an office in Woodbridge, in January, 1878, and has since practiced there. That period, however, does not cover his connection with Woodbridge, for - Note: There are pages missing, no further data on Ephriam Cutter.]

COTTRELL, JUDSON [There are pages missing, this is a partial biography - Page 416]
...physician at Rutherford, New Jersey, and the latter a farmer in this region ; Judson G., with whom we are here especially concerned.
Dr. Cottrell was born on the old family homestead in Middlesex county, New Jersey, June i4, 1883, and after attending the local district schools as a lad, entered the Gienwood Collegiate Institute, at Matawan, New Jersey, and was graduated from the same in 1902. He had in the meantime determined to follow medicine as a profession, and accord­ingly matriculated at the New York Homoeopathic College, where his brother, Willard, was a sophomore. After his brother's graduation at New York, he entered the Hahnemann Medical College of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where he graduated with the class of 1906, and received the degrees of Doctor of Medicine and Doctor of Homoeopathic Medi­cine. For eighteen months Dr. Cottrell served as interne at the Metro­politan Hospital on Blackwell's Island, New York, and there gained a wide practical experience in his work, which has been of inestimable service in his subsequent career. In 1908 he removed to Perth Amboy, New Jersey, and on June 25th of that year, began the general practice of his profession there, with offices at No. 288 Madison avenue. He has continued in this place uninterruptedly up to the present and has in that period built up one of the largest practices in the region, and come to be regarded with the highest respect alike by his pro­fessional colleagues and the community-at-large.
During the World War Dr. Cottrell volunteered his expert services in the cause of his country and the world, and served for eight months as surgeon in the United States Army Debarkation Hospital, No. 3, at the headquarters of the Port of Embarkation at Hoboken, New Jersey. Dr. Cottrell is a man of wide interests and has always given much attention to the general problems and issues, social and political, of the day. He is a Republican in politics, but does not allow himself to be bound by partisan considerations in casting his ballot, but judges for himself of each issue and candidate with the greatest of independence. He is very fond of outdoor life and spends much of his leisure in autotnobiling, to which he is greatly devoted. Dr. Cottrell is a promi­nent member of the Masonic order, having reached the thirty-second degree in Freemasonry, and is affiliated with Raritan Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons ; the commandery, Knights Templar; Salaam Temple, Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine; and New Jersey Consistory. Besides those Masonic bodies, he is a member of the local lodges of the Royal Arcanum and the Order of Maccabees; Tall Cedars of Lebanon; the Perth Amboy Medical Society ; the Middlesex County Medical Society ; the New Jersey State Medical Society, and the Amer­ican Medical Association. Other societies with which Dr. Cottrell is affiliated are the American Institute of Homoeopathy; the New Jersey State Homoeopathic Society ; thr New York County Homcepathic Society, of which he is an associate member; the Alpha Sigma Alumni Association; and the Association of Military Surgeons. He is a mem­ber of the Colonial Country Club of Colonia, New Jersey, and the Middlesex Golf Club at Woodbridge.

HON. JAMES KEARNY RICE.—From the beginning of the legal activity of the young attorney of 1876 to the death of the ex-Judge and ex-United States District Attorney in 1920, there is no period in the life of the Hon. James Kearny Rice that does not measure up to the highest of professional and private standards. There is written below the outline of his busy, purposeful career, and the words of appreciation of his closest associates arc quoted. Were there means of recording and pre­serving the testimony of all who knew and loved him, from the humblest to the most influential, then and then only could there be reared the perfect memorial to one of the first citizens of Middlesex county and New Jersey.
James Kearny Rice was born in Washington, D. C,, November 20, 1849, son of Nathan and Eliza W. (Warren) Rice, his mother a daughter of John Warren, of New York City, one of the first members of the New York Stock Exchange. James Kearny Rice was graduated from Law­renceville High School in 1865, and for several years was engaged in business in New York City. He began the study of law in the office of Woodbridge Strong, and in 1875 was admitted to the bar of New York, becoming an attorney in New Jersey in 1876. After graduation from the Law School of the University of New York he was admitted as counselor in New Jersey at the November term, 188o, and two years later, in 1882, his long career in public life began. In this year he was appointed by Governor Ludlow prosecutor of the pleas for Middlesex county, was reappointed at the expiration of his term by Governor Green, and in 1890 was appointed law judge of Middlesex county by Governor Abbett. He was reappointed by Governor Werts in 1895.
Mr. Rice was the first law judge who ever sat and held the Circuit Court in New Jersey after the passage of the act authorizing law judges to sit in the circuit, and after that act was passed until he stepped down from the bench, nearly all of the circuit business was tried before him under the assignment of Chief Justice Beasley. Judge Rice was also the first law judge who ever sat in the Oyer and Terminer alone, without a justice of the Supreme Court, in a capital case, under the provisions of the act of 1894. This was the case of the State vs. Aragio and Spina, charged with the murder of Antonio Prisco. It was first tried in the Middlesex Oyer and Terminer, December term, 1894, before Judge Rice. After two weeks' trial the jury disagreed ; another trial was held at the April term, 1895, and the defendants were convicted of murder in the first degree. The case is somewhat celebrated, both because of the facts connected with it and from the fact that it was the first time in the his­tory of the commonwealth when a capital case was presided over by any­one except a justice of the Supreme Court.
In February, 1896, Judge Rice resigned ,his judgeship of the Court of Common Pleas of Middlesex county to accept the post of United States Attorney for the district of New Jersey, tendered him by Presi­dent Cleveland, and this place he filled with eminent satisfaction until 1900.
Judge Rice's talents were not alone those of the attorney, advocate, and jurist, for he was the possessor of exceptionally keen business judg­ment, and in connection with several important receiverships and trustee­ships, proved his ability in most commendable accomplishment. In I904 he was appointed by the United States Circuit Court receiver for the Great Eastern and the National Clay Company, near South River, the other receiver being the New York Trust Company, Otto T. Bennard, president. The affairs of these companies were administered so success­fully that within one year more than $9opoo was made for the creditors, reorganization being made and a new concern formed, which, in later years, was absorbed by the trust. In December, 1907, Judge Rice was appointed by Judge Lanning, in the United States Circuit Court, receiver of the Arizona Smelting Company and of the Consolidated Arizona Smelting Company, a corporation capitalized at $15,5oo,000, with offices in New York and plant in Humboldt, Arizona. He was subsequently made receiver by the New York and Arizona courts, his duties in this relation taking him to Arizona a number of times. The companies were thrown into bankruptcy, Judge Rice was elected trustee, the plants were sold and a new company was organized, now continuing in operation.
In July, 1917, Elmer E. Connolly, treasurer of the Michelin Tire Company, and Judge Rice, were asked to accept positions on the Federal Draft Board of New Brunswick, New Jersey, in the place of the mayor and the city clerk, who were disqualified by reason of being within the draft age. Both expressed their willingness to serve, and Judge Ric.; was elected chairman of the board, and Mr. Connolly secretary. They con­tinued in service with Dr. Cronk, the medical advisor, during the remain­der of the war, until the signing of the armistice and their discharge by orders from Washington in the spring of 1919. Few persons, who did not experience it, realize the heavy drain upon the members of the various draft boards, the burden of responsibility they bore, and the disadvantages under which they labored. During long periods the government furnished insufficient help for the work, and assistance had to be obtained elsewhere. The Michelin Tire Company, Johnson & Johnson, and the Interwoven Stocking Company, at times furnished clerical help without charge, and Judge Rice, on occasions of importance, gave the services of his expert stenographer to the government. A feature of the draft board work in New Brunswick, which was probably different from that of other boards, was the keeping of the record of every person who appeared for examination, showing the results of the physical examination whether or not exemption was claimed. ,If exemption was claimed, the findings of the board were noted, while in cases that were contested a full report of the testimony was given. This was the course adopted at Judge Rice's suggestion before the questionnaire system was adopted, and after that system was introduced, every case that was investigated for validity, and every case where the board on its owns motion directed that testimony be taken regarding alleged claims for exemption, was recorded by Judge Rice with the aid of his' stenographer, who was especially adapted for such work. Before any case was decided the person concerning whom the hearings were ordered had his or her "day in court," and in every case that was heard Judge Rice wrote an opinion, his recommendations being submitted to the other members of the board for their decision thereon before the final judgment was given. In other words, the Fed­eral Draft Board of New Brunswick required that every man have his "day in court," just as in a trial in a court of law, before decision was rendered. A stenographic report of the proceedings was kept and for­warded to Washington with the general records.
In the summer of 19t8 the work of the board was particularly strenu­ous, and Judge Rice was advised by his physician, the late Dr. Donahue, that his own welfare required his resignation. Judge Rice, in his zeal and devotion to patriotic ideals, disregarded this counsel, although his colleagues on the board lightened his responsibilities as far as possible, and with the close of hostilities he gave up actual participation in the daily routine, but retained his place on the board. In 1919 he had been appointed a member of the State Board of Conservation and Develop­ment, serving thereon with the conscientious fidelity that marked his administration of every public trust.
Judge Rice married the eldest daughter of Theodore G. Neilson, of New Brunswick. The family home for many years was at No. 82 Car­roll Place, New Brunswick, New Jersey. He died in New Brunswick, January 14, 1920. The following is a minute of the Middlesex Bar Asso­ciation, adopted January 16, 1920:
This minute is a slight expression of the love and esteem of the members of the bar of Middlesex County for their brother and friend, so long their companion and advisor, their leader as President for many years.
His was a strong and sturdy personality,—a man of decided opinions, reticent, brief in speech; a deep thinker; an ardent lover of the profession of the law and ever ready to preserve its dignity and traditions; a thorough student of the law; an earnest advocate, a tireless defender of the State and fearless prosecutor of offenders of its laws: an able and impartial judge. Loyalty to his client, thoroughness in preparation and earnestness in presentation, were his distinguishing legal characteristics.
We knew him to love him. He was the first to congratulate us upon every success in public or private life, and the first to express the word of sympathy in personal loss or failure. His word of counsel in many a difficult situation will be remembered and appreciated by us all.
As a public official his high sense of duty and responsibility for whatever office he filled was strongly marked. He sacrificed his personal practice upon the altar of official duty.
What more fitting climax to his long and splendid career than to have given his time and talent in his declining years to patriotic service of his country upon the Federal Draft Board,—the great test of our democracy, where without fear or favor America's youth proved its belief in equality and sprang to its country's service.
The memory of Judge Rice's personality, his faithfulness in private and public affairs, and his love of his profession will be an inspiration to those of us who remain.
W. B. Fount, Chairman; Peter F Daly
Geo. S. Silzer, Fredeirck Neigel
Charles T Cowennhoven, Edward W
Adrian Lyon, , Freeman Woodbridge.

MONSIGNOR JOHN A. O'GRADY.—From the time when as a youth of sixteen years he felt the urge to his holy calling, until as a Chris­tian veteran of seventy years he laid aside a completed task, Monsignor John A. O'Grady lived a life of single-hearted devotion that has its rich fruits in the thousands he has influenced toward righteousness. The glorious history of the church is but the composite record of such loyal, faithful followers of its great head as he, and it is from such example that the great body of its people have derived inspiration for lives of unselfish service, of brotherhood with all men. His parish has many physical evi­dence.: nf splendid work accomplished under his vitalizing leadership, and in the minds and hearts of the multitude in Middlesex county and throughout the State whose privilege it was to work with him, there remains in unfailing strength and beauty the memory of a Godly man. An editorial tribute in the "Daily Home News" of New Brunswick, at the time of his death spoke thus of this beloved churchman :
Probably no New Brunswicker has rivaled in warmth of affection or in distinction the Iife and achievements of Monsignor John A. O'Grady. He was conspicuous in church and civic affairs in this city for nearly half of his life of three score and ten years, and as a faithful churchman, a mighty molder of public opinion, a scholar, and a friend, he was note worthily esteemed by the vast majority of our citizens. The record of his personal accomplishments is amazing. The untiring and restless energy of his mind vied with and even exceeded that of his indefatigable body—for long after the inroads of ill-health had made necessary a curtailment of physical exertion his mind was as clear and his discourse as illuminating as at any period of his career.
Monsignor O'Grady was a churchman of noble stature and a leader whose ,rare sagacity and diplomacy won many victories for the cause of civic righteousness' and spiritual and moral uplift. An orator of power and tremendous conviction, he proved . a potent leader, and while his victories were mainly those secured through peaceful conquest, he never shirked a fight against evil in any form, and his splendid influence was always to be counted upon for the betterment of all mankind. As a theologian he ranked with the highest, while as an administrator and financier his works will long remain as monuments of unusual efficiency. He was, in his heart's core, a lovable man, adored by all who shared his Intimacies. Guided 'by an overwhelming love for his Master, with a masterful intelligence and a profound knowledge of men and motives, he was a born leader. Scintillant in his many-sided genius, he almost was gifted with what Hugo termed the cube of human faculties. He was among his fellowmen a star of the first magnitude, an Orion in the firmament of mankind.
A strange, great light exhausted its vital ray when Monsignor O'Grady's lamp of life flickered and went out. A community testifies its sense of personal bereavement. An imposing, dominating and rugged figure has passed from view.
Monsignor John A. O'Grady was born at Montague, Sussex county, New Jersey, July 3, 1849. He was sixteen years of age when he de­termined to give himself to the priesthood, and he entered St. Charles College at Ellicott City, Maryland. Upon the completion of his course in this institution, he entered Seton College for the study of theology and philosophy, and was ordained May 3o, 1874, becoming private secretary to Bishop M. A. Corrigan, of the diocese of Newark, New Jersey. Later, he was sent to St. Patrick's Cathedral, Newark, and two years afterward to St. Peter's. Church, New Brunswick, New Jersey, as curate, Rev. Father Rogers then serving as pastor. After two years at St. Peter's, he became rector of the church at Boonton, and in 1881 returned to St. Peter's for his long and richly blessed pastorate, Father Rogers' advanced years having made necessary the relinquishment of his heavier ecclesi­astical burdens. Father O'Grady, during the long years of his New Brunswick residence, became more than a denominational figure, for his sympathies and interests extended into all fields affecting the welfare and happiness of his fellowmen, irrespective of race or belief, and his admirers were found in all classes alike. At one time he was a member of the City Park Commission, and he was a member of the Board of Trade. He was a devoted friend of Rutgers College, and for several years prior to his death was the donor of an annual oratory prize, knoWn as the "O'Grady prize." At the 1918 commencement exercises the degree of Doctor of Letters was conferred upon him, in absentia, illness keeping him at home.
Father O'Grady's pastorate at St. Peter's covered a period of thirty-seven years, a period of vast material expansion and spiritual growth. Among the accomplishments of his long term of service whose physical evidences remain, were the purchase of a new organ, the redecoration and furnishing of the church, the building of a commodious sacristy, the enlargement of the rectory and convent, and the acquisition of additional ground for the cemetery, whose area he more than doubled. A notable event of his ministry was the erection of the splendid equipped parochial school, known as Columbia Hall, and the construction of a large addition to that building a few• years prior to his death. The purchase of the former Russell property at Somerset and Hardenbergh streets, and the founding of St. Peter's General Hospital on the site, was due in large measure to Monsignor O'Grady, who gave the institution watchful care from the first and contributed heavily to its success.
When Father O'Grady assumed charge of the parish of St. Peter's it was staggering under a debt of almost one hundred thousand dollars, a disheartening handicap for a young priest to take up. Nevertheless, in addition to paying off this debt, he paid off the old and new debt of Columbia Hall, the hospital grounds, and several acres of hospital prop­erty, which, with interest, amounted to nearly three hundred thousand dollars. All of this was paid by the close of 1911, when the parish was entirely free from debt. With barely a breathing space, this zealous man of God and his devoted followers undertook a new program of advance­ment, and in order to meet the demand for more hospital room a fine home for the nurses was erected and later a separate maternity hospital, containing a children's ward.
Father O'Grady was an earnest supporter of the movement to pro­vide a convenient church home for the Catholics of Highland Park, and the formal opening of St. Paul's Chapel resulted from this interest. Out of St. Peter's parish was formed the German parish of St. John the Bap­tist in 1865, the Sacred Heart parish in 1883, the Hungarian parish of St. Ladislaus in 19o4, and the Italian parish of St. Mary of Mt. Virgin in 1905. Father O'Grady was raised to the dignity of dean by the late Bishop O'Farrell and was made a domestic prelate with the title of Monsignor by His Holiness, Pope Leo XIII., predecessor of the present Pope Pius X. For a number of years he occupies the position of Rural Dean of the northern section of the diocese of Trenton, and as such was the valued advisor of the bishop and the warm personal friend of every rector in his district.
On the occasion of the twenty-fifth anniversary of his ordination celebration, ceremonies of four days concluded with a banquet, at which he was presented with a silver box containing one thousand dollars in gold and fifteen hundred dollars in bills, all of which he at once applied toward the work of refurnishing the church. His fortieth anniversary, in 1914, was likewise the occasion of a season of celebration by his parishioners.
Monsignor O'Grady died January 15, 1919. His funeral was held in the church of which he had been pastor for so many years, and was attended by thousands of men, women and children in every walk of life. It was the largest funeral service ever held in the city of New Brunswick, and many of the mourners, who filled the church to overflowing, together with hundreds of children attending the parochial school, accompanied the cortege to St. Peter's Cemetery, where all that was mortal of this saintly man was laid to rest. The solemn High Requiem Mass was cele­brated with Rt. Rev. Monsignor B. J. Mulligan, celebrant; Rev. Thomas Roche, of Asbury Park, deacon ; and Rev. Dr. William P. Cantwell, of Perth Amboy, -,tb-deacon ; Rev. Thomas B. Hagerty, of Hampton, mas­ter of ceremonies; Rev. Father Neal A. Mooney, of Trenton, thurifer ; Rev. Fathers James A. Harding, of Phillipsburg, and J. Arthur Hayes, of Trenton, acolytes.
DR. SAMUEL MESSINGER.—Among those who, coming to this country from other lands, have not only made a successful career for themselves but have reared and educated a family for future usefulness to themselves, their country, and the nation, Leon and Helen (Baum) Messinger, parents of Dr. Samuel Messinger, of Roosevelt, New Jersey, have rendered a distinct service. Leon Messinger was a manufacturer of furniture in Austria, and a well known citizen in his native town, Czernowitz. Capable, energetic, and ambitious, he found conditions somewhat hampering in the Old World, so decided to try his fortune in the newer land to the westward, where opportunity was greater and where there were fewer long-established customs to fetter the ambitious man who wished to rise. In 1891, with his wife, Helen, and four chil­dren, Morris, Henrietta, Samuel, of whom further, and Hattie, he came to America and settled in New York City, where he engaged in the furni­ture business, first as a mechanic, and later, in 1894, as a manufacturer.
There were difficulties that called for all the courage and determination he possessed, and there were times when his business venture seemed doomed to failure, but the initiative, and the steady courage which had brought him into a new country never failed him. Against heavy odds, he succeeded, building up a business which not only supplied their imme­diate needs, but which enabled him to give his children the best education obtainable. In addition to the four children born in Austria, four more, Mildred, Isadore, Rose and David, were born in America, and both Leon Messinger and his wife were determined that their family should have all the advantages which the new country could give. To this end they had toiled, economized, and achieved business success. Leon Messinger died March 74, 1920, survived by his wife. A hard worker, honest and sin­cere in his every purpose, Leon Messinger was a devoted father and a true citizen, and in the hearts and lives of his children his influence will long continue to be of service to them.
Samuel Messinger, son of Leon and Helen (Baum) Messinger, was born at Czernowitz, Austria, July 7, 1887, and came to America with his parents, while still a small child. Taking full advantage of his father's desire that the children should obtain the best education possible, and also of the opportunities offered in the land of his adoption, he attended the grammar and high schools of New York City and then entered the College of the City of New York, first pursuing a general course of study and then studying medicine and surgery in the Eclectic Medical College of the City of New York, from which he graduated in 1912, receiving the degree of Doctor of Medicine and Surgery. He then entered upon his professional career in New York City, where for a year he practiced in various hospitals and infirmaries, specializing along certain medical lines. He then left New York City and for three years engaged in general prac­tice in Jersey City, New Jersey. In 1915 he located in the borough of Roosevelt, Middlesex county, New Jersey, where he has remained, and here has built up a large and successful practice. He is one of the lead­ing physicians of this section of the county, and has rendered valuable service to his community, both in professional and in public life. The poor and afflicted have found in him a "great physician," tender and sym­pathetic, always ready to meet a real need, regardless of the probabilities of renumeration.
Dr. Messinger has taken a keen interest in civic affairs in the borough of Roosevelt, and is held in high esteem by his many friends. During the World War he was a member of the Officers' Reserve Corps, hold­ing the rank of lieutenant. He is a member of the visiting staff of the Rahway Hospital, of which he was one of the founders. He is also a member of the Middlesex County Medical Society, and of the National and State Eclectic Medical societies.
Dr. Messinger is highly talented as a musician. He studied the violin under Nathan Manor, of New York City, and his mastery of this instru­ment is still fresh in the minds of those who have heard him play while in the concert world.
Dr. Messinger married, December 11, 7917, Sonja Carsch, daughter of Aaron and Frances (Wexler) Carsch, of New York, and Boston, Mas­sachusetts. To Dr. and Mrs. Messinger time children have been born : Walter, October 79, 1913; Edith Barbara, March 28, 1920; and Leonard, May 29, 1921. Dr. Messinger's fine residence and well-fitted clinic is located at Nos. 29 and 31 Roosevelt avenue, corner of McKinley avenue, borough of Roosevelt, Middlesex county, New Jersey.

AARON GROSS.--Among the prominent business men and citizens in the progressive little town of Fords, New Jersey, may be mentioned Aaron Gross. He is a son of Nathan and Rebecca Gross, and was born in Hanusfolwa, Austria, October 23, 1870. In early life his father fol­lowed the occupation of a farmer in that country, and about 1887 he and his wife came to the United States with their children, among whom were: William, now a prominent business man at Fords; Terrie, now the wife of Max Goldberger, of Perth Amboy; Aaron, of further men­tion; Sallie, •now the wife of Jacob Gluck, of Cold Spring, New York; Mollie, now the wife of Julius Kohn, of Perth Amboy; David, a business man of Newark, New Jersey; and Herman, deceased, who was a prao• tieing physician at Metuchen, New Jersey.
Aaron Gross passed the years of his boyhood in Austria, where he received a good education in the schools of his home town. At about the age of eighteen he accompanied his parents to the United States, where he 4ecured employment in New York City, remaining there for some time. Later, he moved to Perth Amboy, New Jersey, where he secured a position in a local grocery store. After about six years in this line of business he gained much experience, and with a little capital, embarked .in business on his own account.
It is now about twenty-,five years since he came to Fords Corners, and in that time he has bui!: up the largest mercantile business in the town. He carries a large line of high-grade groceries and meats, and deals.extensively in many other commodities. Mr. Gross has established a reputation for himself by his honorable and upright dealings. His store is modern in all its details and one of the finest in this section of the Stale. He takes a keen and active interest in the affairs of his town, and is well known throughout the county. Besides his own business, Mr. Gross is interested in other affairs, including the Fairfield Building and Loan Association, of which he is a 'director, and he is a large stockholder in the. Fords National Bank. He is a member of the Republican party, the Masonic order, and the Woodmen of the World.
Mr. Gross married, July 7, 1895, at Brooklyn, New York, Bertha Goldberger, a native of Austria, the daughter of Samuel and Sara (Good­man) Goldberger, who came to the United States when their daughter was a' child, and eventually made their home at Perth Amboy, New Jer­sey. Mr. and Mrs. Gross -are the parents of four children; Mollie, born March 27, 1896; Irene, born March 5, 1899; Nathan, born April 1, 1902; and Joseph, born May 31, 1907.

MATTHEW A. HERMANN.—When a man passes practically his entire life in one community and gives freely of his time, his energy, and his talents to the upbuilding of the interests of the group with which he lives, he makes for himself &large place-in the life of the community and in the hearts of his fellow-citizens, a place which, when vacated, cannot well be filled by another. When he passes from among his life­long associates, his friends and fellow-citizens suffer deep loss. Such loss has been experienced by the citizens of the borough of Roosevelt, New Jersey, in the death of Matthew A. Hermann.
Mr. Hermann was born in Carteret, now the borough of Roosevelt, New Jersey, and received the fortunate heritage which often results from the union of two nationalities. From his father, Matthias Her­mann, born in Baden, Germany, he received the German thoroughness, steadiness, and earnestness of purpose; from his mother, Bridget (Kelly) Hermann, born in County West Meath, Ireland, the quickness of sym­pathy, the wit, and the genial warmth of the sons of Erin. These characteristics of two nations blended in one personality, staunchly and intensely American, produced a fine type of American manhood and a life that was exceptionally valuable to friends and community.
Matthew A. Hermann attended the schools of Ids district and then went to Miss Arrowsmith's Private School at Blazing Star Landing. As a boy, he worked on the farm with his father, where, undaunted by the long hours of hard work, he developed strength and determination, and nourished his ambition for larger things. His parents encouraged his aspirations, and when he decided to study telegraphy, helped in every way they could. The lack of means- of transportation in those days, however, made impossible the fulfillment of many a young dream, and the vigorous, ambitious, clear-seeing boy soon realized that his plan was impracticable. He kept at his studies, watched for his opportunity, and filled his days with earnest work at whatever his hand could find to do until the general contracting business offered the chance for which he had been waiting. He formed a partnership with his brother, Joseph A. Hermann, and for many years the firm of Hermann Brothers has carried on a large and successful business as dealers in builders' mate­rials. In recent years he also individually conducted a large construction business, and never failed to complete a contract satisfactorily and on time. Many big improvements, public and private, in the Roosevelt section of the county have been the result of his work.
Politically, Mr. Hermann was a loyal Democrat, actively interested and influential in the councils of the party. Always devoted to the best interests of his community, he served on the Middlesex county grand jury, and was a member of the local Board of Education since the incor­poration of the borough in Ise& He was also an active and faithful member of St. Joseph's Roman Catholic Church, a member of the Holy Name Society, and of the Knights of Columbus. The Fire Department found him an -efficient, faithful member of its corps of defenders of the homes of the borough, and his fellow members of the Order of Red Men loved him for his wit and for his genial friendliness, Earnest, honest, unassuming, a constructive worker for the improvement of social and economic conditions in his home town, and in the surrounding district, Mr. Hermann will long be missed and his influence will long be felt
Mr. Hermann is survived by his mother, Bridget (Kelly) Hermann ; his brother, Mayor Joseph A. Hermann; and his sisters, Elizabeth, Bar­bara, Margaret, and Catherine. Matthew A. Hermann died May 3, 1921.

HON. JOSEPH ANDREW HERMANN.—Long one of the forceful, Outstanding figures in the business and public life of the county of Mid­dlesex is the Hon. Joseph Andrew Hermann, mayor of the borough of Roosevelt, New Jersey.
Born in the borough, in the section then known as Carteret, son of Matthias Hermann and Bridget (Kelly) Hermann, pioneers in the devel­opment of this section of the county, he first attended the local public school and later Miss Arrowsmith's Private School. Reared on a farm until his early youth, he left to assist in the management of his uncle's mercantile business in New York City for about five years, returning to engage with his brother in the masons' materials business, which he has conducted ever since, developing it into one of the largest of its kind in the county. He has reached the position of one of the leading business men of the county, recognized throughout for his probity, energy and high abilities. He was one of the first directors of the First National Bank of Roosevelt, and is the vice-president• of the Carteret Building Loan Association. In the direct personal making of the great growth in the. business, industry and realty improvement of this section of the county, Mr. Hermann stands second to none.
Mr. Hermann served as township committeeman of the township of Woodbridge, New Jersey, from 1901 to 1906. Following a long con­tinued desire and some spasmodic efforts, a definite movement was organized in the last-named year by Mr. Hermann to effect the incorpora­tion as a. distinct municipality of all that portion of Woodbridge town­ship extending along Staten Island Sound from Port Reading to the Rahway river, a distance of about three miles, and running back from the Sound about one and one-half miles. This territory included the settlements known as Carteret and Chrome, and embraced many large manufacturing enterprises along the water front. A committee of twenty-five of the leading men of the community was formed, representative of all parties and elements that went to make up its civic, business and industrial life, for the purpose of incorporating it by legis­lative enactment as the borough of Roosevelt. Mr. Hermann was made its head, and he gave all that was in his heart and mind to the work and success of the movement. Active, persistent and formidable opposition from outside the proposed new municipality had to he met, but the movement did succeed and the borough was incorporated by the act of the, Legislature, approved April 1 1, 1906. And, admitted by all, the success was largely due to the brain, the leadership, the work and the organizing genius of Joseph .A. Hermann, so much so that he is called the father of the borough.
Mr. Hermann was elected the first mayor in 1906 and has continuously held the office ever since, having been elected eight times in succession. This is an unprecedented record in this respect, and shows the measure of .the man and what the people think of him. During his time as the executive of the municipality (fifteen years), the population has increased from 1,500 to 11,049; the tax values from $1,000,000 to $10,196,000; miles of roads, sewers, sidewalks and curbing have been laid, and the borough today has not over $25,000 municipal bonded indebtedness, an indebtedness• based on tax values incomparably lower than any like municipality in the State of New Jersey. This indicates the kind of a man and official and the quality of the service he has rendered. . .
In 1920, Mayor Hermann was appointed by Governor Edwards a member of the Middlesex County Board of. Taxation and this year, 7921, he was elected its president. In this important office he has demonstrated his special fitness for the work and the soundness and impartiality of his decisions. .
Mr. Hermann is a member of Carey Council, Knights of Columbus, was its grand knight for six years, and has been a district deputy of the order; Court Carteret, Foresters of America ; Division No. 7, Ancient Order of Hibernians; Holy Name Society of St. Joseph's Church, its vice-president ; Quinnipiac Tribe, Improved Order of Red Men, past sachem ; Rahway Lodge, Benevolent and • Protective Order of Elks.; Friends of Irish Freedom ; Middlesex Grove, Ancient United Order of Druids; St. Vincent De Paul Society, its president; and the Roosevelt Fire Company, No. 2. He is also director of St. Elizabeth's Hospital, Elizabeth, and the City. of Rahway. Hospital.
During the World War Mayor Hermann was the recognized' leader of the borough in the work of all the agencies and drives recognized and approved by the United States Government, and to his masterful efforts, militant Americanism, and able executive direction, was largely due the fact that no similar community surpassed the borough of Roosevelt in the intensity and success of all the movements organized to help win the war.

PATRICK L. RYAN.—Among the well known clay miners and manufacturers of Middlesex county, and a man highly regarded and esteemed for his sterling character and uprightness, was the late 'Patrick L. Ryan, of Woodbridge, New. Jersey.
Patrick L. Ryan was a native of Ireland, born December .31, 1838, the son of good parentage. 'He received a good. education in the home schools of that country. When he was about twenty years of age he came to the United States with members •of his family, and shortly afterwards located at Kreischerville, Staten Island, New York, where he-began his long and honored career in the clay business. For a time he was employed at the old Kreischer Brick Works there,.and in 186o removed to Woodbridge, New Jersey. Here he followed .the occupation of clay mining, being variously engaged for many years by some of the well known clay operators of the region, among them being Frederick W. Meeker, of New York City, with whom he remained several years. By strict application, thrift, and the savings of his labors, he was able to purchase Mr. Meeker's clay mining interests in 189o, which consisted of about ten acres. This venture proved so successful that as time went on he added to his original holdings until he had about six hundred acres of the finest fire-clay producing mines in the State of New Jersey.
In 1900, with his sons, Patrick J. and John F., he helped organize The Mutton Hollow Fire Brick Company of Woodbridge, of which he was president until the time of his death.
Mr. Ryan was a broad-gauged man, and had a wide view on business and other conditions which he came in contact with. As one of Wood-bridge's most influential citizens, he did his best to further any cause that would be of benefit to the community in which he lived. Aside from his clay mines, he was the holder of valuable real estate in and about Woodbridge.
While he did not take an active part in political life, he was a staunch Democrat, and abreast with the political affairs of his day. A loyal churchman, he was one of the original supporters of St. James' Roman Catholic Church of Woodbridge.
Mr. Ryan married, about 1867, in Rahway, New Jersey, Catherine Doyle, like himself a native of Ireland, born April io, 1845, coming to the United States in 1867. To Mr. and Mrs. Patrick L. Ryan the following children were born, all in Woodbridge: Margaret, born August 3, 187o, married Eugene L. Romond, of Woodbridge, who is now con­nected with The Mutton Hollow Fire Brick Company. 2. Mary, born September 28, 1871, married James L. Dalton, of Metuchen, also con­nected with the above company; they are the parents of five children : Catherine, deceased ; Margaret, Helen, Anna, and. James. 3. Patrick J., of further mention. 4. John F., of further mention. 5. Rev. Richard T., of further mention. 6. Julia J., born March 6, 1879, married Richard P. Grace, of Woodbridge, now a superintendent with The Mutton Hol­low Fire Brick Company; they are the parents of three children: Cath­erine, Julia, and Anna. 7. William A., of further mention. 8. Lawrence C., of further mention. 9. Catherine, born December 28, 1885, married P. H. Gallagher, of Allentown, Pennsylvania, now well known in business circles in New York City. Patrick L. Ryan died April 28, 1912, and his wife, Catherine (Doyle) Ryan, June zoom, at Woodbridge, New Jersey. The passing away of these two people was a sad bereavement to the community.
Patrick J. Ryan, first son and third child of Patrick L. and Catherine (Doyle) Ryan, was born March zo, 1874. He was educated in the public schools of Woodbridge and the Coleman Business College at Newark, New Jersey. At the age of thirteen years he began to learn the clay mining business under the direction of his able father, and has continued in this line of activity to the present date with much success. In 19oo, with his father and brother, he helped organize The Mutton Hollow Fire Brick Company, and became its treasurer. He was instrumental in going before the officials of the Philadelphia & Reading railroad and convincing them of the logic of extending a branch freight line about two miles long into the clay mining district of Woodbridge. This line was officially opened September 6, 1901, to the miners and manufacturers in the district, and since that time traffic has greatly increased in volume and it has proven to be one of the profitable branches of the railroad company. During the World War Mr. Ryan was selected one of the eight members to serve on the War Service Committee of the National Clay Miners' and Producers' Association.
Politically a Democrat, Mr. Ryan is one of the leaders at the execu­tive councils of the party in. Middlesex county. He is a member of the Knights of Columbus, Middlesex Council, No. 857, of Woodbridge; and an attendant of St. James' Roman Catholic Church.
Mr. Ryan married, in Woodbridge, December 3, 1913, Helen Golden, daughter of William and Margaret (Hackett) Golden. To them two children have been born : Catherine, and Patrick J., Jr.
John F. Ryan, second son and fourth child of Patrick L. and Cath­erine (Doyle) Ryan, was born November I, 1875. He was educated in the public and St. James' Parochial schools of Woodbridge, and the Coleman Business College of Newark, New Jersey. He first began work with the Standard Fire Proofing Company in their Perth Amboy offices, where he remained five years, becoming a chief clerk and auditor. In Iwo, with his father and brother, he helped in the organization of The Mutton Hollow Fire Brick Company, of which he became secretary and general manager, a post he has held with credit to the present time. In addition to his manufacturing interests, John F. Ryan is president of the newly organized Woodbridge National Bank, vice-president of the Woodbridge Building and Loan Association, and secretary and treasurer of the Woodbridge Realty Company.
In politics a Democrat, Mr. Ryan was appointed postmaster of Wood­bridge by President Wilson, serving from 1913 to 1917, and during his administration the new post office was erected here. During the World War he was active in various Liberty Loan and other war work activities. He is a member of St. James' Roman Catholic Church; past grand knight of the local council, Knights of Columbus, and secretary and treasurer of their Building Association.
Mr. Ryan married, in Woodbridge, October 21, 1908, Alice E. Mara, daughter of John I. and Ellen (Paterson) Mara. Mr. and Mrs. Ryan are the parents of eight children: John P., Helen M., Richard T., Robert V., deceased ; Patrick L., deceased; Catherine F., Alice, and Mary D.
Rev. Richard T. Ryan, third son and fifth child of Patrick L. and Catherine (Doyle) Ryan, was born August 29, 1877. He received his education in the public and St. James' Parochial schools of Woodbridge, Seton Hall College, South Orange, New Jersey, and St. Mary's Seminary, Baltimore, Maryland. He was ordained to the priesthood at Trenton, New Jersey, June 1, 19ot, subsequently becoming a curate at various Roman Catholic churches. He was appointed to Long Branch, New Jersey, June 6, I9o1 ; transferred to Phillipsburg, October 5, 19o1; ap­pointed to Sandy Hook, February 21, I905, and August t, 1910, was made pastor of the Church of the Immaculate Conception at Somerville, New Jersey. He is well known in Somerville, and beloved by friends in and outside of the church. He is chaplain of Somerville Council, Knights of Columbus; member of the Somerville Gun Club, and the Somerset Golf Club.
William A. Ryan, fourth son and seventh child of Patrick L. and Catherine (Doyle) Ryan, was born March 12, 1881. He was educated at the public and• St. James' Parochial schools of Woodbridge, and the Coleman Business College at Newark, New Jersey. Like his father and brothers, he started in the clay mining and manufacturing business and has followed it ever since, and is now superintendent of mines of the Ryan estate at Woodbridge. Aside from the clay business, he is in the general contracting business and has built up a large and growing enter­prise. He is general contractor on road work, excavations, and building construction, being well known in the trade. Mr. Ryan is a Democrat in politics, member of the local lodge, Knights of Columbus, and St. James' Roman Catholic Church.
Mr. Ryan married, in Woodbridge, November 25, 1907, Elizabeth Jelicks, daughter of Frank and Elizabeth (Dunn) Jelicks. They are the parents of four children: Elizabeth, Patrick L., Catherine and Margaret. Lawrence C. Ryan, fifth son and eighth child of Patrick L. and Catherine (Doyle) Ryan, was born April 8, 1883. He received his edu-. cation in the public and St. James' Parochial schools of Woodbridge, and the Coleman Business College of Newark, New Jersey. Since leav­ing school he has been identified in the clay mining and manufacturing business. He is now assistant secretary of The Mutton Hollow Fire Brick Company, and takes a leading part in the management of this large and successful firm.
Mr. Ryan is a Democrat in politics. During the World War he was actively engaged on the Registration Board in Woodbridge. He is a member of the local council, Knights of Columbus, the Foresters of America, and St. James' Roman Catholic Church.
Mr. Ryan married, in Woodbridge, May 2, 1909, Mary Gels, daughter of Henry and Anna (Soder) Geis. Mr. and Mrs. Ryan are the parents of the following children : Lawrence C., Patrick J., Anna M. and James H.
This historical record of the family of Patrick L. and Catherine (Doyle) Ryan shows the strong character and family stapleness of all its members. They began in a modest way and have built up large business interests, and a sound social standing, which reflects much credit upon them individually and as a whole throughout the region.

THE WOODBRIDGE LEADER.—One of the foremost institutions of Woodbridge is the "Woodbridge Leader," a. weekly paper devoted to the encouragement of all movements, having for their object the advancement of the best interests of the town. "The Leader" came into being on March 1, 1910, succeeding "The Register," which was at that time edited by R.-Uhler and Harry B. Rollinson. The necessity for a paper of the type of "The Leader" was pressing at the time, because of the rapid growth of the community and the absolute need of an organ that would at all times speak for and defend the best interests of the people. Such a purpose could not fail of success, and from the start "The Leader" was accepted as the reliable and fearless mouth­piece of the citizenry of Woodbridge.
The first editor was Mark J. Boyle, newspaper man of many years experience. At present, the paper is ably edited by John A. Flood; business manager, L. A. McLeod. "The Leader" is owned and con­trolled by a corporation known as the Woodbridge 'Printery, Inc., com­posed of the following men : P. J. Ryan, J. E. Harned, L. M. Campbell, J. F. Ryan, C. A. Campbell, J. S. Dooley.
"The Leader" is at present recognized as the official news medium of the town, having expanded from a circulation of three hundred to more than a thousand copies weekly.
FRANCIS A. MONAGHAN.—Among the sons of men prominent in the life of South Amboy, New Jersey, who are beginning careers of usefulness and promise, is Francis A. Monaghan, son of James and Catherine (Carson) Monaghan. James Monaghan, the father, has for many years been prominent in the mercantile life of South Amboy, where he and his family have lived practically all their lives. Francis A. Mon­aghan, the son, has given evidence of ability and steadiness of purpose which will carry him far in his chosen profession, and which has caused him already to be numbered among the able and prominent young lawyers of his section.
Francis A. Monaghan was born July 23, 1893, at South Amboy, New Jersey. He attended the grammar and high schools of that place, and then went to Villanova College, at Villanova, Pennsylvania, where he received the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1915, and Master of Arts in 1917. He then began his law studies ate the New York Law School of Columbia University, serving from I915 to 1916 as clerk in the law offices of Senator Thomas Brown, of Perth Amboy. He was admitted to the New Jersey bar, April 8, 1920, and is now engaged in active service, having his offices at Roosevelt, New Jersey, but residing with his par­ents in his home town, South Amboy. In both towns he is well known as one of the promising young men of his profession.
During the World War, Mr. Monaghan enlisted as a private, and received his training at Camp Syracuse, Syracuse, New York, where he became first sergeant of his company. He was transferred to the Air Service, Aircraft Production, and sent to Elizabeth, New Jersey, from which service he was honorably discharged, March 17, 1919. Mr. Mon­aghan is a member of the Luke A. Lovely Post of the American Legion, South Amboy, and of St. Mary's Catholic Church, also located at South Amboy, New Jersey.

SAMUEL LEDERER, a native of Bohemia, Austria, was one of the first of his nationality to settle in Englishtown, Monmouth county, New Jersey. Later he went to New Brunswick, New Jersey, where he became an influential citizen. He was born October 1, 1824, of good parentage, received his education in the gymnasium schools in his. home town, and there learned the trade of tanner of leathers, after which he traveled through various European countries, working at his trade until about 1850, when he came to America, locating in New York. He resumd his trade, working on Jacob street, where he remained a few years. He built up a substantial leather business in New York, which he disposed of about 1855, going to Englishtown, New Jersey, where he conducted a tannery until about 1864. He next removed to New Brunswick, New Jersey, where he likewise conducted a tannery for a number of years, subsequently becoming a dealer in hides and skins and a manufacturer of fertilizer. He was known all over the country for the excellence of his work and made the first lamb skin apron used by a lodge of Free and Accepted Masons in the United States. As a business man he was highly regarded both at Englishtown and at New Brunswick, and socially he was esteemed by his many friends. He continued business through his long life, and was "in the harness" until the time of his death, June 16, 1916. He built up an immense business for those early days, and during the Civil War devoted much of his time to the preparation of leather for the government. He was a well informed man, a great reader, and a linguist of note, speaking eight languages. Few citizens of New Brunswick were better known than Samuel Lederer, and he was one of the "grand old gentlemen" of the town. He had various fraternal and social connections, being one of the oldest Masons in the State of New Jersey at the time of his death. He was a firm believer in religious life and principles, and was one of the original supporters of the Anshe Emeth Temple, of New Brunswick, being vice-president of that temple for years.
Mr. Lederer married, in New York City, October zo, 1852, Marie Abels, a native of his own country, born December 19, 1833. It is of interest to note that this grand old couple celebrated their golden wed­ding anniversary, October xo, 1902, at New Brunswick. To the mar­riage were born eleven children: x. Samuel M., now a prosperous contractor in St. Louis, Missouri; married Augusta Bodenheimer, of New York City, and became the father of four children: Jeannette, Lucille, Marie, and James. 2. Rose, married Edmund Bayer, of New York City, prominent in the insurance business; they have four children: Clarence, Jessie, Alice, and Grace. 3. Josephine, married Simon Bar­doch, a tobacconist of New York City, and has two children: Charlotte and Monroe. 4. Julius, now a real estate dealer in New Haven, Con­necticut; married Martha Posner, of New Brunswick, and they have lour children: David, Milton, Harold, and Charles. 5. Max M., a sketch of whose life follows. 6. Clara, married Morris Baumann, of New Haven, Connecticut, a rubber manufacturer; they 'have three children: Irving, Gertrude, and Robert. 7. Louise, deceased; married Morris Somerfeld, a business man of New York. 8. Flora, deceased; married Ignatz Fox, a merchant of New York City, and left three children: Theresa, Arthur, and Flora. 9. David J., associated with the American Tobacco Company, of Yonkers, New York; married Hattie Zabinsky, of Yonkers, and has two children : Marie and Cora. 10. Henry A., a traveling salesman, of New York City; married Deborah Levy, of New York City. 11. George W., a traveling salesman, of New York City; married Nettie Grodell, and they have one child, Samuel. Mrs. Lederer, the mother of all these children, died at a venerable old age at her home in New Brunswick, June 24, 1909.

MAX M. LEDERER, one of New Brunswick's prominent citizens, long identified with the leather, hide and fertilizer business, was born in Englishtown, New Jersey, August i8, 186o. When he was very young his parents moved, with their family, to New Brunswick, New Jersey, where the life of the son has been spent. He received his education in the schools of New Brunswick, and as a young man entered the busi­ness of his father in which he has been engaged practically ever since. For the past twenty years he has had the sole management of the business started by his honored father, and in 1906 he purchased the entire interests of the firm. The business, started under the name Samuel Lederer & Son, still bears the original title and enjoys a well known reputation in the industrial life of the community under the direction of Max M. Lederer.
Mr. Lederer is well known, fraternally, being a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and of the Knights of Pythias, and having served as a chancellor in the latter order, Friendship Lodge, No. 3o, of New Brunswick. He is a member of the Republican party, and like his father a member of Anshe Emeth Temple, of which• he was a trustee for seventeen years.
Mr. Lederer married, March 29, 1892, Henrietta Sontheimer, daughter of Mayer and Regina (Scheid) Sontheimer, of Elizabeth, New Jersey, well known residents of that city, the father having been treasurer of the Board of Trade there, president and treasurer of the Building and Loan Association, a county freeholder and had other important con­nections. Mrs. Lederer is one of the active women of New Brunswick, being secretary of the Middlesex Hospital Aid Association, a member of the Board of Visiting Nurses' Association, a councilor of the Girl Scouts, and prominent as a Red Cross worker. To Mr. and Mrs. Lederer have been born three children : Marie, now the wife of Sidney J. Kauder, of Newark, New Jersey, they having one child, Warren G.; Edith, married Harry Strauss, of New Brunswick, and they have one'. child, Robert L.; and Mayer S., a student, now living at home with his parents.

GARFIELD A. HUNT.—Son of a contractor and builder, Mr. Hunt was early inducted into the building trades, but chose plumbing as his line. He is a son of Mansfield and Maria (Quinn) Hunt, formerly of Brooklyn, New York, his father a skilled mechanical contractor, and builder. In 19to Mansfield Hunt and his family moved to Queens, Long Island, where they yet reside.
Garfield A. Hunt was born in Brooklyn, New York, August 13, z and there attended public schools until becoming a plumber's apprentice. He became a skilled plumber and was employed in various places, but always followed his trade. In 1910 he located in Dunellen, New Jersey, and there is well established in business for himself, and is prosperous. He is a Republican in politics, a Presbyterian in religious faith, a member of the Republican Club and the Patriotic Order Sons of America.
Mr. Hunt married, in Brooklyn, New York, September 8, 1901, Margaret Hignett, born in that city January 17, 1881 daughter of William and Anna (Williams) Hignett. Mr. and Mrs. Hunt are the parents of five children: Garfield, born October 8, 1903; Marguerite, born February 20, 1906; Warren, born November 22, 1908; Clinton W., born November 22, 1910; Gilbert T., born July 4, 1912.
HYMAN WEDEEN.—The firm of Hyman Wedeen & Son, Inc., was founded in Perth Amboy" by Hyman Wedeen, who was born in Russia, ',January 19, 1870, but in 1889 came to this country, and since 1890 has been a resident of Perth Amboy, New Jersey. He spent the first eighteen months of his American residence in New York City, where he attended school, then moved to Perth Amboy. He began his business career as a pack, peddler, traveling that section of New Jersey with his pack for .four years. He had a fixed ambition, and by carefully husbanding his resources he was able at the end of four years to abandon his route and 'open a small store in Perth Amboy on lower Smith street. The store at No. 275 Smith street was operated very successfully for eleven years, until 1904, when. he opened a department store at Nos. 271-273 Smith street. In 1912, he added to the business a shoe store at No. 279 Smith 'street. In 1915 he enlarged his department store by building back sixty feet, doubling' the floor space, and bringing in the shoe department, and continued to conduct a prosperous modern department store. He is a large owner of Perth Amboy real estate, a stockholder in the Perth Amboy Trust Company, and one of the prosperous business men of his city.
Hyman Wedeen married, in New York City, February 22, 1883, Esther Della &Irak, also born in Russia. They are the parents of nine children : Nathan, of further mention; Nettie; Mollie, wife of David Metzendorf, of .Perth Amboy; Jennie, deceased; Sarah, Rose, Pearl, Alvin, and Isabelle, all residing with their parents in Perth Amboy except Mrs. Metzendorf.
Nathan Wedeen; son of Hyman Wedeen, was born in Perth Aritboy, May 9, 1895. He was educated in the public schools, graduating from Perth Amboy High School, class . of '1912, and spent a year at the College of the City of New York. He has been associated with his father in business 'for several years, and is a member of the firm of Hyman Wedeen & Son, Inc. He is now taking a course in finance at New York University, attending evening classes. During the war with Germany, Nathan Wedeen was in the United States service in the medical supply department at Camp Merritt, on duty for thirteen months. He is a member Of 'Thindence Lodge, Amboy Chapter, Scottish Rite Consistory, and Salaam Temple, Shriners, of the Masonic order; Tall Cedars of Lebanon, the Attierican Legion, Young Men's Christian Association, Young Men's Hebrew Association. The family are members of the Shaseh Tephiloh Synagogue congregation.

MICHAEL POLLAK.—Among the best known and highly esteemed citizens of Woodbridge township, Middlesex county, New Jersey, a builder of some note in his vicinity, which is called the Rahway Home­stead, a man who has always stood out and has led many good move­ments in his community, is Michael Pollak.
Mr. Pollak was born in Nona, Hungary, February 22, 1873, the son of Charles and Lena (Danzinger) Pollak, old and highly respected residents of that city. His father was a large landholder and a rancher there, a man of influence.
Michael Pollak was given the best educational advantages, receiving his learning at the gymnasium schools of his native town, was later at the University of Vienna, and finished at the famous Heidelburg Uni­versity, Germany, where he pursued courses in mechanical and chemical engineering.
In 1896 Mr. Pollak decided on a touring trip to America. After a short time in this country he felt so much at home that he decided to remain, and so established himself in business in New York City. The subsequent years were spent in that city, where he followed his profes­sion, that of a mechanical and construction engineer, with success. In 1906 Mr. Pollak removed to Middlesex county, New Jersey, locating near Woodbridge, where he has since resided. He purchased one of the old landmarks of the county, which he reconstructed, and today it is one of the show places, pictures of which appear in this work. He eventually acquired a large parcel of land, which he named the Rahway Homestead. Formerly, most of this was vacant land, but today there are many substantial houses built thereon, many of which were con­structed by Mr. Pollak. Aside from his building activities, he has many other important interests, among them being president and founder of the following companies: Rahway Homestead Company ; the Pollak Build­ing and Construction Company, and the Nocan Soup Company of New­ark, New Jersey, which is making dehydrated soups in powdered form and which is revolutionizing the food industries of the world. Mr. Pollak has had many important financial connections, and various other acthsi ties.
Mr. Pollak married Laura Dupca, in the town of Kadar, Hungary, March 16, 1894, the daughter of Anton and Elizabeth (Heffner) Dupca. Her father was a director of lands and an owner of much property.
Mr. and Mrs. Pollak are well known socially throughout the region, and are especially active in church work and charitable affairs. During the World War Mr. Pollak was very active in the many drives and cam­paigns, and showed the quota of his district on every occasion.

RENSSELAER CLARK KENYON.—Several generations back the Kenyon family came from England and settled in Rhode Island, some of them later living in Pennsylvania on a farm known as the "Old Ken­yon Homestead."
Rensselaer Clark Kenyon was born March 9, 1870, in Fell township, Lackawanna county, Pennsylvania, and there he grew up on the farm of his father, D. C. Kenyon, who was born in Pennsylvania, in 1845, and is still living on the homestead farm with his wife, Louise (Johnson) Kenyon, also born in Pennsylvania. She is now about seventy-five years old. They had a family of six boys, all living at the present time (1920): 1. Rensselaer Clark, of whom further. 2. Thomas, living in Edge Hill, Pennsylvania, treasurer of the Edge Hill Silica Rock Company. 3. Edward N., residing in Portland, Maine, a soldier in the United States army, and also engaged in the real estate business. 4. Howard D., living in Edge Hill, Pennsylvania, where he is engaged in the sand business; he is a veteran of the Philippine War. 5. Robert W., at Edge Hill with his brother Howard D. 6. William J., a resident of Highland Park, New Jersey, and superintendent of the Johnson & Johnson plant in New Brunswick, same State.
The eldest son of this family, Rensselaer Clark Kenyon, attended the schools in the township where he was born, and assisted his father upon the farm until he reached the age of seventeen years, then, coming to New Brunswick, the young man entered the employ of Johnson & Johnson, the well known chemists. For twenty-six years Mr. Kenyon remained with this company in their clerical department and as auditor in the credit department, leaving it to become manager of the Edge Hill Silica Rock Company of New Brunswick. He is now president of the company, as well as manager.
Mr. Kenyon is very greatly interested in everything pertaining to New Brunswick. For a time he was on the School Board, and has been active in the work of the Young Men's Christian Association; also is a member of the Craftsmen's Club, of New Brunswick, the Junior Order of United American Mechanics, and of the local lodge of Free and Accepted Masons.
In June, 1898, in New Brunswick, New Jersey. Rensselaer Clark Kenyon married Mary Jane Henderson, the dat!ghter of Robert and Sarah (Brown) Henderson, natives of England, where also their daugh­ter was born. Both Mr. and Mrs. Henderson died In this country some years ago. Mr. and Mrs. Kenyon have three children, all living:
Rensselaer C., Jr., born May to, 1901, a student at Rutgers College in the sophomore class. 2. Evelyn Mildred, born February 13, 1903, a graduate of the Livingston Avenue High School In the class of 1920. 3, Mary Alice, born August 27, 1917. Mr. and Mrs. Kenyon reside at No. 29 Adelaide avenue, Highland Park, New Brunswick. They and their family are members of Christ Protestant Episcopal Church.

REV. WILLIAM A. GILFILIAN.—As pastor of the Church of Our Lady of Virtues, Sayreville, Middlesex county, New Jersey, Father Gilfillan is performing the mission in life for which he prepared and which it is his highest ambition to worthily fulfill. He is a son of Joseph and Ann Gilfillan, who at the time of the birth of their son, William A., were living at Milford, Massachusetts.
William A. Gilfillan was born November 22, 1869, and began his education in the public schools of Worcester, Massachusetts. He then entered Holy Cross College, Worcester, whence he was graduated B. A., class of '94. He finished preparation for the priestly office at Grand Seminary, Montreal, Canada, and at the close of his theological studies he was ordained a priest of the Roman Catholic church, December 22, i894. During the years he has been in orders, Father Gilfillan has been assigned to various phases of priestly duty, and as before noted, his present connection is as pastor of the Church of Our Lady. of Virtues at Sayreville, New Jersey. He is a member of the Knights of Columbus, and is highly regarded in his community without regard to creed. His parish is a large and prosperous one, all departments being in a con­dition of usefulness.

BERNARD DUNIGAN.—The name of Bernard Dunigan will long be remembered in Woodbridge, and also Middlesex county, New Jersey, as one of .the pioneers of his nationality to settle in Woodbridge town­ship, where in later years he was one of the leaders in the industrial, political, and social life of the community. He was a native of Ireland, born about 1832, and as a young man came to America, soon afterward settling in Woodbridge, his' home until his death, in January, 19o4. During his early residence he was variously employed in the district, and by toil and thrift iti the following years accumulated a little capital, which he invested in a strip of land.
During the early days of clay mine prospecting he became interested in this field of activity and upon his own property found rich deposits of clay, which he mined and shipped, becoming one of the prosperous clay operators of the region. He was a man of energy and sound business ability, and his splendid traits of character found expression in the works of good citizenship. A Democrat in politics, he took a leading part in party affairs in his district, and at one time was a town committeeman and a member of the School Board. He was a devoted member. of the Roman Catholic church, and a fruitful, blameless life placed him high in the esteem of his. fellowmen.
Bernard Dunigan married, in Woodbridge, New Jersey, in 1852, Julia Ryan, also a native of Ireland. Their life together was most happy and contented, and they celebrated the golden anniversary of their marriage in 19o2, surrounded by their family and friends. Chil­dren, all born in- Woodbridge: Edward P., deceased; John M., a resi­dent of Tottenville, Staten Island ; Thomas F.,.deceased ; Ellen, married L. A. Conley, deceased, of Jersey City, New Jersey; Jane, married W. H. Nash,' of Woodbridge, both deceased ; Marcellia, died in infancy ; Anna, died aged seventeen years; Margaret L., married B. Whalen, of Carteret, New 'Jersey, both now deceased ; Catherine J., married E. J. Flannigan, of Woodbridge; Bernard J.,• a sketch of whom follows; and Morris P., now (1921) living in Woodbridge.

BERNARD JOSEPH DUMAN, son of Bernard and Julia (Ryan) Dunigan (q. v.), was born in Woodbridge, Middlesex county, New Jersey, October 26, 1875. After completing his education in Wood­bridge public schools he entered business life and later became associ­ated with his father in the clay business. at Woodbridge, mining and shipping clay from their own clay beds. In 1904 the senior head of the business passed away and the burden of management fell upon the young man, then twenty-nine years of age. Seventeen years have since passed and the business is still conducted by Bernard J. Dunigan in a most efficient manner.
Mr. Dunigan, a Democrat in politics, has always taken an active part ill public affairs, and since January 1, 1913, has been assessor of Woodbridge township, an office he capably fills. He possesses a wealth of friends and is held in high esteem both as a business man and a citizen. Mr. Dunigan is a member of the Royal Arcanum, the Knights of Columbus, the Columbian Club, and St. James' Roman Catholic Church, all of Woodbridge.
Mr. Dunigan married, June 19, 1907, at Woodbridge, New Jersey, Julia A. Whalen, daughter of Thomas and Julia (Bray) Whalen. Thomas Whalen was well known in Woodbridge, having resided here for many years after his coming as a young man from Ireland. He was engaged in the fire brick industry until his death, in May, 1898. Bernard Joseph and Julia A. (Whalen) Dunigan are the parents of four children: Mar­garet Geraldine, Julia Veronica, Bernard Joseph, Jr., and Thomas, all born in Woodbridge.

WILLIAM VAN NUIS, JR., prominent among the younger genera­tion of business men in New Brunswick, New Jersey, is secretary and treasurer of The Neilson T. Parker Company, insurance brokers. If describing a man as a leading citizen is equivalent to sayi'hg that he possesses intelligence of a high order and touches life at many points, theft Mr. Van Nuis is of this type.
William Meeker Van Nuis, father of William Van Nuis, Jr., was born in New Brunswick, New Jersey, in 1854, and now (1921) resides in New York City, where he is at present connected with the Penn­sylvania Hotel. For many years he was engaged in the wholesale liquor business in New Brunswick. He married Emma Strong, and they are the parents of three children : William, Jr., of further mention ; Irene, a resident of New Brunswick; Leon Lyle, a traveling salesman and a resident of New Brunswick. Lyle Van Nuis, grandfather of William Van Nuis, Jr., was a prominent citizen during the early history of New Brunswick, and conducted a carriage factory on Washington street, New Brunswick, for many years. He was mayor of New Bruns­wick during the years 1856 and 1857, 186i and 1862, 1877 and 1878.
William Van Nuis, Jr., was born in New Brunswick, New Jersey, March Is, i886. He attended the local schools, including the high school, until . 1903, when he became identified with the Knickerbocker Trust Company, with whom he remained until 1907, when the company failed. Mr. Van Nuis was immediately invited to go with the Guarantee Trust Company of New York on account of his knowledge of New York City securities. In May, 1914, he entered the employ of The Neilson T. Parker Company, and two years later was promoted to fill the positions of manager and secretary of the company, and during the year 1921 became secretary and treasurer. He is an able manager and executive, keenly alert to every changing phase of the business. He is a man of foresight, swift and sure in his decisions, and most progressive in his policies.
In politics Mr. Van Nuis is a Democrat, and takes an active interest in political matters. He was elected alderman from the First Ward in 1914 and served the city for one term. He is a member and treasurer of the Board of Trade of New Brunswick, New Jersey. He is a director of the Provident Building and Loan Association, and also of the New Brunswick Building and Loan Association. His hobby is golf, and he is also keenly interested in water sports, holding membership in the New Brunswick Country Club and in the New Brunswick Boat Club, serving as trustee of the latter. He is also an active member of the Rotary Club of New Brunswick. Mr. Van Nuis is a Mason, being a member of Union Lodge, No. 19, Free and Accepted Masons; Scott Chapter, No. 4, Royal Arch Masons ; Temple Commandery, No. 18, Knights Templar; Salaam Temple, Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine of Newark, New Jersey; Forest No. 296, Tall Cedars of Lebanon ; Craftsmen's Club of New Brunswick, New Jersey ; member of Christ Episcopal Church, and of the Young Men's Christian Associa­tion.
Mr. Van Nuis married, September 19, 1918, Blanche Marie Crenning, daughter of Charles C. and May (Allen) Crenning. Mr. and Mrs. Van Nuis are the parents of one child, William Lyle, born February fo, 1920.
Mr. Van Nuis, who is a young man, has progressed very rapidly and is considered an authority on insurance matters. There can be no reasonable doubt that the years which lie before him will be filled with greater effort and more signal achievement.

GEORGE APGAR, JR—Among the younger generation of suc­cessful business men of Dunellen, New Jersey, is one of her native sons, Geo'rge I. Apgar, Jr. Since 1905 Mr. Apgar has been engaged in the contracting and building business, the same line of business followed by his father for many years.
George I. Apgar, Jr., was born June 18, 1889, at Dunellen, New Jersey, the son of John P. and Sarah (Smith) Apgar. He attended the public and high schools of Dunellen, and upon leaving school he became associated with his father in business. He has followed the same line of business ever since, and is well known in and about Dunellen.
A Republican in politics, he is keenly interested as a voter in all the political issues of bis town, State and county. He affiliates with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Junior Order United American Mechanics, the Patriotic Order Sons of America, and is a member of the Republican Club of Dunellen. In his religious belief he is a Presbyterian.
Mr. Apgar married, November 17, 1913, at Dunellen, New Jersey, Emma Voorhees, a native of Chester, New Jersey, her birth having occurred there March 2, 1890, a daughter of Theodore and Anna (Blaine) Voorhees. Mr. and Mrs. Apgar are the parents of two children: Eleanor, born September 25, 1914; George, born January 9, 1918. The family reside at No. 604 Lincoln avenue, Dunellen.

REV. ERNEST RAMON BROWN, pastor of the First Presbyterian Church at Dunellen, New Jersey, has won many friends in his admin­istration of the affairs of his charge. He is a son of John Busham Johnson and Emma Caroline (Crow) Brown, his father a farmer and a water commissioner of Rahway, New Jersey.
Ernest R. Brown was born in Woodbridge, New Jersey, August 4, 1871. He was educated in Rahway public schools, Moody Bible Insti­tute, Oberlin College, and the Reformed Theological Seminary, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
Rev. Mr. Brown served the city of Rahway as a member of the Board of Education. He is a member of Anchor Lodge, No. 149, Free and Accepted Masons, of Plainfield, New Jersey, and of Washington Camp, Patriotic Order Sons of America, of Dunellen, New Jersey.
Rev. Mr. Brown married at Rahway, New Jersey, in the First Presbyterian Church, February 27, 19o1, Alice Louise Avery, daughter of Charles Henry and Susan Frances (Wood) Avery, her father a retired officer of the United States navy. Rev. and Mrs. Brown are the parents of five children : Dorothy Frances, born November 20, tsioI ; Ernest Thornell, born April 5, 1903; Roger Woodruff, born April 7, 1905; Edward Payson, born July 3o, 1907; and Alice Louise, born Jan­uary II, 1912,
HANS M. K. HANSEN was born in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, October 8, 1886, son of Christian and Christine Hansen. He was edu­cated in the public schools, finishing with high school graduation in 1905. He was in the employ of the Central Railroad of New Jersey, in the traffic department at Perth Amboy, and also in the traffic depart­ment of the American Can Company in New York City, but his ambition was for a professional career and he entered New York University Law School, whence he was graduated LL. B., class of 1914. He was admitted to the bar in June, 1915, as an attorney, and opened offices at No. 119 South street, Perth Amboy. He formed an association with George J. Plechmer, lawyer, at No. 390 George street, New Brunswick, which still continues. He was later admitted a counsellor, and prac­ticed in the State and Federal courts of the district. During the World War, 1917-18, he served in the United States army as an infantryman.
Mr. Hansen married, December is, 1920, Mabel F. Randolph, daugh­ter of Samuel S. and Lillian F. Randolph.

ELIAS SHAPIRO, D. D. S. In 1904, even before the World War had made such havoc among the nations of Europe, Israel Shapiro found Russia a most undesirable place of residence, and with his wife, Hannah (Arkus) Shapiro, and his children, came to the United States, the land of promise to the oppressed then as now. He settled in Bayonne, New Jersey, where he is now engaged in the automobile business. Mr. and Mrs. Shapiro have four children: Elias, of further mention; Ida, living at home; Morris, in business with his father in Bayonne; and Rebecca, residing at home.
Elias Shapiro was born in Russia, April 28, z896, and when eight years of age was brought to the United States by his parents. The family resided in New York City for a time, and in that city he attended Public School No. 64. He completed his public school courses in Bay­onne, New Jersey, with graduation from high school in 1911, then was a student in the City College of New York, finally, in 1918, receiving the degree of D. D. S. from the New York College of Dentistry. He began the practice of his profession in New York City, but in January, 192o, located in South Amboy, New Jersey, where he is building up a satisfactory practice.
During the World War period he enlisted in the Medical Reserve Corps, and met every demand of citizenship. He is a member of and for two terms was president of the Cosmos Club of New York City, and is a member of the Knights of Pythias.

MILTON ALBERT EDGAR, son of Albert and Susan (Tappen) Edgar, was born in Bonhampton, Middlesex county, New Jersey, Novem­ber 17, 185o. He acquired a sound education through his own efforts and application, availing himself of every opportunity for mental train­ing and regularly walking five miles to school. He overcame the dis­advantages encountered in those days by youth's ambition for education, and in the public schools near New Brunswick, and Rutgers Preparatory Academy, of the same place, he cultivated tastes that were naturally scholarly, devoting himself with especial interest to classical languages and science. At the age of sixteen years he passed the examination for teachers and for two years taught in the schools of New Durham and Bonhampton. His inclinations were toward the world of practical affairs, and with his brother, Charles Smith Edgar, he engaged in clay mining near Metuchen, meeting with excellent success. This partner­ship covered a period of two years, and his savings at the end of this time purchased an interest in a well known Mercantile establishment in Perth Amboy, with which he was connected for two years, during this same period conducting an independent clay mining business in Perth Amboy and Woodbridge. In 1877 he again Joined his brother and they purchased a clay mining property near Fords, New Jersey, which they operated until disposing of it by sale in I 5.
Since that time Mr. Edgar has been generally engaged, independently and in association with others, in clay mining, clay washing, and manu­facturing, his activity in all these lines attended by a generous degree of success. He is an expert on geological phases of clay formation, and his counsel has guided his associates in clay mining in Middlesex county and other places. Mr. Edgar is one of the most prominent figures in the ceramic trade, known locally and nationally, and is president of the American Clay ; Producers' Association. He is president of the Edgar Brothers Company of New Jersey and Georgia; vice-president of the Edgar Plastic Kaolin Company, of Edgar, Florida, and Metuchen, New Jersey; president of the Lake Park Improvement Company, of Metuchen and Red Bank, New Jersey, and has numerous other business interests.
For many years Mr. Edgar was chairman of the Middlesex County Republican Committee, and for forty years he was a delegate to every State convention of his party. In 1883 he was appointed by President Arthur collector of customs for the port of Amboy, holding that office until the close of the Arthur administration. He was a member of the old Perth Amboy Board of Aldermen at the time that the city was divided into wards. When the trolley roads were first projected through Middlesex county, he was a member of the Board of Freeholders, and as chairman of the committee on street railroads and public roads did much to establish these lines upon a firm, equitable, and permanent basis. Mr. Edgar has been a keen observer and student of life's prob­lems, has read much of the best literature of all time, and has travelled extensively throughout the United States, Canada, and the Southern republics. After many years of extremely useful service he continues active in the management of his diverse business interests. He is well known socially and fraternally, holding membership in various Masonic bodies and other orders and clubs.
Mr. Edgar married (first) in February, 1873, Frances E Thomas, daughter of William and Phoebe' (Moore) Thomas, a member of an old New Jersey family long resident in Perth Amboy. She died in July, 1907. She was the mother of Eva W. who married F. W. Johnson, of New York City ; Albert J., Frederick W., and Charles S., the last three deceased. Mr. Edgar married (second) in September, 1908, Nellie G. Rock. daughter of William G. and Emma Rock, also old residents of Perth Amboy. Children of this marriage: Milton A., Jr., and Jeannette E.

LAURITZ WILLIAM SMITH.—The province of Schleswig-Hol­stein was taken from Denmark by Prussia. The province is formed of Schleswig in the north, Holstein and Lauenburg in the south. The province is traversed by the Kiel Canal, built by the deposed Kaiser Wilhelm, which connects the Baltic and North seas. The people of North Schleswig, at a plebiscite taken under the terms of the treaty of Versailles, negotiated after the disastrous defeat of the Germans at every point of contact with the allies, voted to return to the govern­ment of Denmark, from whom Prussia and Austria wrested Schleswig-Holstein at the close of the War of 1864. When Germany and Austria fought in 1866, Germany took the province from Austria and held it until compelled to return the northern part of it to its own people,' and they are now safely attached to their ancient mother Denmark, into whose possession the province had passed in the eleventh century.
In the city of Christiansfeid, North Schleswig, now Denmark, Lauritz William Smith, now owner of the firm, Smith & Ostergaard, Fords, Middlesex county, New Jersey, was born December 5, 1876, son of Peter and Maren (Zeuthen) Smith. He was educated in the public schools of his home town, and after completing school years, in 1892, he came to the United States and settled in Middlesex county, New Jersey, finding his first employment at the plant of the National Fire Proofing Company at Keasbey (the plant formerly operated by the Isaacs Company). For one year he continued with that company, then became an employee of the Pardee Works, manufacturers of fire brick, at Perth Amboy. Four months later he left the works and began learning the carpenter's trade, becoming in time an expert workman. In 1909 the firm of Smith & Ostergaard, contractors and builders, was organized at Fords, and there has since conducted a prosperous business. Mr. Smith as the managing head has proven both a reliable, skillful builder and a business man of high type. He is a director of the Fords National Bank, and interested in all that pertains to the welfare of his village.
Mr. Smith is a member of the Masonic order, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Master Builders' Association, the Singing Society "Frem," of Perth Amboy, the Raritan Yacht Club, and the Lutheran church of Perth Amboy. In politics, he is a Republican. He is a man of high reputation as a citizen and business man, and is highly esteemed in his community.

CALVIN CUNNIUS.—Two men of the name Calvin Cunnius, father and son, are engaged in the automobile business in New Bruns­wick, New Jersey, and whether one or the other is patronized, good service and courteous treatment attend the transaction, and the needs of the car are fully met. Calvin Cunnius, Sr., came to New Jersey from Pennsylvania, his father being a native of that State, and there the son spent his youth and earliest years of manhood, and there mar­ried.
John M. Cunnius, father of Calvin Cunnius, Sr., was a contractor and builder of Freeland, Luzern county, Pennsylvania, now (1921) retired. He married Laura Santee, and they were residing in Freeland, Luzerne county, Pennsylvania, at the time of the birth of their son, Calvin, Sr., now of New Brunswick, New Jersey.
Calvin Cunnius, Sr., son of John M. and Laura (Santee) Cunnius, was born in Freeland, Pennsylvania, December 18, 1873, and was edu­cated in the public schools. After leaving school he learned the car­penter's trade, became an expert wood-worker, and there continued until after the birth of his son, Calvin, Jr., when the family moved to Long Branch, New Jersey, where he engaged in the automobile business. In 191 he located in Brooklyn, New York, continuing there in the same business until 1914, when he moved to New Brunswick, New Jersey, and opened an auto service station, namely, Depot Garage, located on Albany street. After that he was, located for three years on Dennis street, but is now (1921) located at the corner of George and Oliver streets. Mr. Cunnius is a Republican in politics, and a member of High­land Park Reformed Church.
Mr. Cunnius married, at Freeland, Pennsylvania, August II, 1894, Mary D. Nagle, daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth Nagle. Mr. and Mrs. Cunnius are the parents of five children: Percy, Calvin, Jr., of previous mention in this work; Laura, Ruth, and Naomi, the daughters residing with their parents.

JEAN DuBOIS, business manager of the Roessler & Hasslacher Chemical Company of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, and a well known figure in the business and industrial life of that city, is a native of Swit­zerland, his birth having occurred at Le Lode, in that country, Novem­ber 24, 1869. He is a son of Philippe Henri and Louise (Andreae) DuBois, the former born at Le Lode and the latter at Frankfort-on­the-Main, Germany. The elder Mr. DuBois now lives retired with his family at Neufchatel, Switzerland, and has attained the venerable age of eighty-four years, his wife being three years younger. To Mr. and Mrs. DuBois eight children have been born, as follows: 1. Cecile, now the wife of Dr. Henri Steinhauslin, of Le Lode, Switzerland. 2. Phil­ippe, now a resident of Rhodesia, South Africa. 3. Louise, deceased. 4. Alice, now the wife of the Rev. Herman de Montmollin, of Courcelles, Switzerland. 5. Jean, of whom further. 6. Albert, who resides at Neufchatel, Switzerland. 7. Georges, who resides at Frankfort, Ger­many. 8. Hugo, deceased.
The childhood of Jean DuBois was passed in his native town of Le Lode, Switzerland, and there as a lad he attended the local public schools, passing through grammar and high school grades, and in the latter being prepared for college. He then entered the University of Neufchatel, in the city of the same name in Switzerland, and took a course in law, graduating with the class of 1890. After completing his studies at the latter institution, he removed to South Africa and remained in that country for eight years, being interested in mining operations on an extensive scale. While there he at one time lodged a complaint against the natives of the Blauberg region on account of their depre­dations, and afterwards joined the Boer army and was with their forces in the field during the South African campaign. In the year 19oo he came to the United States, and located in Florida, where for four years he was engaged in the phosphate business in association with a French company. Returning to Europe for three years, he was occupied with the building of a large chemical plant in France, but in 1911 came once' more to the United States. Here he became associated with the Roes­sler & Hasslacher Chemical Company of Perth Amboy, his wide knowl­edge of industrial chemistry making him a most valuable member of the staff of the great concern. He was appointed to the responsible position of factory business manager, and continues to hold that office at the present time, making his home at No. 105 High street, Perth Amboy. Mr. DuBois has always been actively interested in the general business development of the community in which he has elected to reside, and since coming to Perth Amboy has been a prominent member of the local Chamber of Commerce, and for six years its vice-president. He is also a member of the Drug and Chemical Club of New York City, and the East Jersey Club. In his religious belief, Mr. DuBois is a Presbyterian, and attends the church of that denomination at Perth Amboy.
Mr. DuBois married, in i895, Mattie Schreiber, a native of New York City, and a daughter of Dr. Henry and Cora (Gulick) Schreiber, also natives of that place. Dr. Schreiber is a physician who has retired from the active practice of his profession, and now makes his home at Hopewell, New Jersey. Mrs. Schreiber died in New York City. Mr. and Mrs. DuBois are the parents of two children, as follows: Jean Claude, born March 3o, 1898, served in the World War with the United States Naval Reserves, in which he now holds the rank of second officer; Cora Alice, born October 26, 1903.

COLBY DILL, one of the most successful of the younger business men of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, where he is associated with the great organization of the Roessler & Hasslacher Chemical Company, was born December 29, 188.2, at Boston, Massachusetts, and is a son of Joshua Martin and Catherine (Bassett) Dill of that city. Both the Dill and Bassett families are old ones in New England, Mr. Dill's father being a native of Wellfleet, Massachusetts, where he was born January 31, 185o, and his mother of Bridgewater, in the same State. The elder Mr. Dill has been an educator for many years. He now lives retired from active life with his wife at Newton, Massachusetts. They were the parents of four children, as follows: Martin Bassett, M. D., now a practicing physician at Newton Center, Massachusetts; Colby, with whom we are here especially concerned ; Helen Baker, who became the wife of Walter A. Forbush, of Brockton, Massachusetts; and Nathan­iel Lothrop, who died May 8, 1903, at the age of sixteen years.
Colby Dill passed his childhood and early youth in his native city of Boston, and there attended as a lad the Boston Latin School, from which he was graduated in woo. Having completed his preparation for college at that institution, he entered Harvard University, taking the usual academic course, and was graduated with the class of 1904 with the degree of A. B. He had early taken a strong interest in scien­tific and technical subjects, and desiring a career of this kind, entered the Massachusetts Institute of Technology at Boston, from which he was graduated in 1906 with the degree of B. S. Another year of post­graduate work brought him the degree of M. S. from the same institu­tion, and he thereupon secured a position with the United States Geological Survey as chemist. He was employed in this capacity at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, for six months, and then resigned his govern­ment post to accept an offer of the position of works manager with the Perth Amboy Chemical Works. This was in 1908, and the efficiency with which he discharged his responsible duties soon brought him to the attention of the owners of the Roessler & Hasslacher Chemical Com­pany, also of Perth Amboy. He did not sever his connection with the smaller concern, however, until January, 1917, when he accepted the post of assistant to the second vice-president of the Roessler & Hasslacher Chemical Company, which he holds at the present time. Mr. Dill has always interested himself actively in the general life of his adopted community, and is affiliated with many important orders and clubs, both here and in New York City, especially those of a professional character. He is a member of the Masonic order, and the East Jersey Club, of New Jersey ; the Chemists' Club, and the Harvard Club of New York City; the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, the Society of Chemical Industry, the American Chemical Society, the Association of Harvard Chemists, and the New England Society. In his religious belief Mr. Dill is a Congregationalist and attends the church of that denomination at Perth Amboy. He has always been very fond of outdoor sports and pastimes of all kinds, and takes especial pleasure in hunting and fishing, spending most of his leisure time in this manner.
Colby Dill was united in marriage, July 3o, 1911, at Greenville, Michigan, with Elsie DeLamarter, a native of Kalamazoo, in that State, and a daughter of Dr. Louis and Mary (Baker) DeLamarter. Dr. DeLamarter now makes his home at Lansing, M ichigan, where he is engaged in active practice as a physician. Mr. and Mrs. Dill are the parents of four children, as follows : Donald Lothrop, born May 28, 1912 ; John Harding, born in 1913; Catherine Elizabeth, born in 1915; and Eleanor, born in 1917.

ROBERT A. HARKINS.—The father of our subject, Hugh Harkins, a veteran of the Civil War and a farmer, was a resident of Weston Mills, New Jersey. He married Jane McCune, and they were the parents of a son, Robert A. Harkins, now a contractor and builder of Milltown, New Jersey.
Robert A. Harkins was born at Weston Mills, New Jersey, December 13, 1858, and educated in the district schools. Upon arriving at a suit­able age he learned the carpenter's trade and later located permanently in Milltown, where he has engaged as a carpenter and builder until the present (1921). He is a skilled mechanic and has proved his ability and reliability to the abundant satisfaction of hundreds of patrons. In poli­tics he is a Republican, and for twenty-one years has been borough clerk. He is a member of the Order of United American Mechanics, the Improved Order of Red Men, and of the Methodist Episcopal church. He is still actively engaged in business, and is highly regarded in his community.
Mr. Harkins married, in New Brunswick, New Jersey, May 24, tan, Anna Reed, born September 22, 1858, daughter of Randolph and Harriet (Black) Reed, her father born in Hightstown, New Jersey, a rubber mill worker. Mr. and Mrs. Harkins are the parents of five children : t. Hannah Wilhelmina, born February 27, 1882, married Charles C. Lins, and has three children : Percy, Robert, and Dorothy. 2. Dorothy L, born November 22, 1883. 3. Oscar B., born October 13, 1885. 4. Harriet A., born March 31, 1889, married Clarence H. Hill, and has a son, Clarence H. (2). 5. Claude W., born September 7, 1899.

JOHN VANDURSEN OUTCALT.—A "son of the soil" indeed is John Vandursen Outcalt, for he was born and raised in the county and State in which he has always lived, on the farm where he remained until he reached manhood.
On August 20, 1869, John Vandursen Outcalt was born in Milltown, New Jersey, his parents being Frederick Richard and Mary (Vandur­sen) Outcalt. The elder Mr. Outcalt was at that time a farmer, but some years later he went into the butcher's business, which he carried on for a time, eventually retiring from active occupation in the latter years of his life.
The education of John Vandursen Outcalt was acquired in the public schools at Carharts Corner. He learned to be a farmer with his father, continuing this work until 1890, when he went to live in New Brunswick, New Jersey. Having a brother there, James V. Outcalt, who was a carpenter, Mr. Outcalt entered his shop, learned the trade, and served as an apprentice for three years, after which he continued to work at it for the next fourteen years. In 1907 Mr. Outcalt started in business for himself as a contracting carpenter and builder and is continuing it at the present time.
Having spent his early life in the country, Mr. Outcalt is especially fond of animals, their care having been a part of his daily home life. He is also devoted to music, claiming that his particular enjoyment is to listen to good banjo playing, minstrels, or to be with a gathering of entertaining company of musical ability.
Of a social temperament, Mr. Outcalt has become a member of several of the fraternal organizations of New Brunswick, among them being: Goodwill Council, No. 32, Junior Order United American Mechanics ; Relief Council, No. 40, Order United American Mechanics; Knights of the Golden Eagle; and in connection with his business, the Master Builders' Association. Mr. Outcalt and his family are members of the Livingston Avenue Baptist Church.
In New Brunswick, New Jersey, on June 15, 1898, John Vandursen Outcalt was married to Leila May Leonard, the ceremony being per­formed by the Rev. C. A. Jenkins. Mrs. Outcalt is the daughter of William Milton and Katharine (Cornell) Leonard, of New Brunswick. Three children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Outcalt : Willard Milton, deceased; Everett Stanley, and Rutherford Clifton. The family home is at No. 144 Jones avenue.

GEORGE ANTHONY VIEHMANN, for many years one of the best known and most influential citizens of New Brunswick, New Jer­sey, and a leader of the bar in that State, whose death occurred at Briar­cliff Lodge, New York, October 12, 1918, was a son of Anthony and Louisa (Litterest) Viehmann. Anthony Viehmann was born in Ger­many, but came to the United States in early youth, and settled in New York City. He was an expert wood carver, and produced fine furniture which he sold in the local market. He married Louisa Litterest, a native of New York City. Later Mr. Viehmann, Sr. removed to New Brunswick, New Jersey, and it was at that place that his son, George Anthony Viehmann, was born, November 29, 1868. The education of George Anthony Viehmann was begun at the local public schools, and he then became a student at Rutgers Preparatory School, from which he graduated in 1882, and was prepared for college. Mr. Viehmann then matriculated at Rutgers College, New Brunswick, where he took the usual classical course, graduating with the class of 1886, and gaining his Bachelor's degree. In the meantime the young man had determined to adopt law as his profession in life, and accordingly entered the law school in connection with Columbia University, in New York City, from which he was graduated. Immediately after, he was admitted to the practice of law in New York and New Jersey, and also to practice before the United States Court. Mr. Viehmann then began the active practice of his profession, and maintained offices both in New York City and New Brunswick, carrying on a very large legal business in both of these places. He was recognized by his colleagues as an attorney of profound learning and unusual natural acquirements, and possessed of an unusual brilliant delivery, which made him an effective trial lawyer. But Mr. Viehmann never depended upon these qualities in the prosecution of a case, but gave to it in each case a most careful study and examination, and possessed himself beforehand carefully of every point kits favor. This is a combination difficult to over­come, and it is no wonder that such important litigation was entrusted to him in both the New York and New Jersey courts. He was a man of distinctly judicial temperament, and was noted as an expert interpreter of the law. The fact that Mr. Viehmann was also actively engaged in a large number of successful business enterprises gave him much exper­ience and a keen insight into litigation involving business elements.
It has already been mentioned that Mr. Viehmann was connected prominently with the business world, and was an officer in a number of important concerns in the region of New Brunswick and Newark, New Jersey. He was a director and officer in the Perth Amboy Trust Company, of Perth Amboy, New Jersey; vice-president of the Middle­sex Title Guarantee Company, of New Brunswick ; director of the Fed­eral Trust Company of Newark. New Jersey; and in addition was the owner of the following industrial concerns: The Cronk Manufacturing Company of New Brunswick, and the Highland Park Building Company. He was also the owner of the New Brunswick Opera House, and all of these enterprises met with a substantial success. He was also president of the New Brunswick Fire Insurance Company, the New Jersey Fire Insurance Company, of Newark, New Jersey, and several other import­ant concerns. He always maintained a keen interest in the business welfare of the community-at-large, and was one of the organizers and for many years served as president of the New Jersey Chamber of Com­merce, in which capacity he was very active in promoting enterprises of all kinds in this State. Mr. Viehmann was also a conspicuous figure in the social and club life of New Brunswick and the surrounding district. and was a member of the New Brunswick Country Club, the Union Club of New Brunswick, and the local lodge of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, serving as first exalted ruler of the latter.
It is probable, however, that Mr. Viehmann was even better known in connection with public life and politics in this region than he was as an attorney or business man, and for many years he was one of the leaders of the Democratic party. He was possessed of a large personal following in New Brunswick, and in 1900 was elected mayor of this city on the Democratic ticket. He served in that capacity for two years and was one of the most capable and efficient executives that this city has ever had. He continually interested himself in carrying out measures calculated to improve the general welfare of the community, and one of his acts was the compelling of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company to elevate its tracks through New Brunswick, as a measure of safeguard to the inhabitants. It was Mr. Viehmann also who arranged for the foundation of a handsome Carnegie Library, which this city now pos­sesses, and during his administration many of the streets were adequately paved. He was regarded as a very progressive man, and his fellow-citizens universally regarded hint as their friend. Mr. Viehmann was also nominated on a number of occasions as governor of the State by the Democratic party. In his religious belief, Mr. Viehmann was a member of the First Reformed Church of New Brunswick, and was very active in his support of the work of this congregation.
George Anthony Viehmann was united in marriage, November 28, 1898, at Concord, New Hampshire, with Mary Abbott, a native of that place, born November 7, 1870, and a daughter of Franklin Augustus and Asenath Austin (Dow) Abbott. Both of Mrs. Viehmann's parents were natives of New Hampshire, her father having been born at Concord, August 1, 1836, and her mother April 4, 1831. Mr. Abbott died August 4, 1910, but his wife survives him. Mr. and Mrs. Viehmann are the par­ents of the following children: Ruth Abbott, who became the wife of Augustus Lemuel Gladding, of Lincoln, California, where they make their home; George Anthony, Jr., born February 6, 1903; and Mary Alice, born June 29, 1905.
Mr. Viehmann was a man of unusually strong personality, and pos­sessed a remarkable grasp of practical affairs. He was, however, of a very kindly and genial temperament, and won the affection and esteem of all with whom he was associated. He was a man of large proportions and commanding presence, and nature seemed to have intended him as a leader of men. His instincts were intensely domestic, and he found his chief happiness among the members of his own family by his own hearthstone.

WILLIAM C. KELLY was born at Oak Tree, New Jersey, August 17, 1837, the son of Christian L. and Jeannette E. (Campbell) Kelly, both Campbell and Kelly families being among the oldest families of that section.
William C. Kelly was educated in the public schools of Oak Tree and Plainfield, New Jersey, but at an early age he was thrown upon his own resources and compelled to make his own way in the world. He learned the carpenter's trade, but soon abandoned it, going to Illinois, where he spent four years on a farm. During these years he accumulated a small capital which he invested in a tract of pine timber in Wisconsin. He continued the purchase of timber tracts, with profit in lumbering, and eventually owned thousands of acres. Finally, Mr. Kelly sold most of his timber land and removed from Wisconsin to Cadillac, Michigan where he erected a large mill, and there manufactured timber on a large scale. He continued there about five years, then, in accordance with his wife's wishes, sold out and removed to Asbury Park, New Jersey, there engaging in the wholesale lumber business, under the firm name of Kelly & Palmateer, this firm continuing in business until 1895. Mr. Kelly then sold his business and returned to Oak Tree, New Jersey, the place of his birth, where he purchased a large farm, upon which he resided until his death. He was a man of strong character, energetic and capable, winning success through his own ability. He was a Democrat, but never took an active part in politics. He accumulated a fortune which he wisely used in creating and providing for the future maintenance of a home for those dear to him. He was very liberal and gave much to charity ; was genial and neighborly, fond of books, and most hospitable.
Mr. Kelly married, in 1864, Bessie M. Palmateer, of Albany, New York, and they were the parents of a daughter, Eva Lena Kelly, born at Oak Tree, New Jersey, July 8, 1865. She married, June 27, 1888, John Henry Campbell, a sketch of whom follows.

JOHN HENRY CAMPBELL, son of Ellis A. and Louisa H. (Fink) Campbell, was born in Plainfield, New Jersey, June 25, 1861, his father a contractor of Plainfield. He was educated in the public schools of Plainfield, finishing with high school, then entered business life with the Clifton-Campbell Company of Plainfield, wholesale produce merchants. He established in a minor position, but soon was advanced to higher rank, finally becoming an official of the company, his term If service covering a period of thirty years. He retired from business about 1910. Besides his connection with the Clifton-Campbell Company he had other business interests, including land in Florida and extensive orange groves. The product of his orange groves in Florida he disposed of through the Clifton-Campbell Company, large shipments being made daily during the season.
About 191 he removed from Plainfield to Oak Tree, Middlesex county, New Jersey, there occupying the farm owned by William C. Kelly, and bequeathed by him to his daughter, Mrs. Eva Lena (Kelly) Campbell. Mr. Campbell assumed the management of the estate left by Mr. Kelly, and there he has spent a very pleasant and profitable decade of his life. The estate at Oak Tree has been largely converted into building lots, and disposed of most advantageously. Mr. Campbell has closely adhered to his business interests and has taken little active part n public affairs. He is a member of the Presbyterian church, and in politics is a Democrat.
Mr. Campbell married, June 27, 1888, at Oak Tree, New Jersey, Eva Lena Kelly, born July 8, x865, daughter of William C. and Bessie M. (Palmateer) Kelly, whose sketch precedes this. Mr. and Mrs. Campbell are the parents of two children: Bessie, born April 25, 1890, married Harvey Nash, and resides in Newark, New Jersey; William K., born June 2, 1894, married Gail Tichenor, and resides with his parents at Oak Tree, his father's business associate.

ROBERT LEWIS McKIERNAN, M. D.—Although but a compar­atively short time has elapsed since his coming to New Brunswick, the name of Dr. Robert Lewis McKiernan is already familiar and most favorably known to many of the residents of this community. Dr. McKiernan has during these two years thoroughly identified himself both as a physician and a citizen with the progressive element here.
Robert Lewis McKiernan was born February 1891, in New Haven, Connecticut, the son of Daniel and Catharine (De Heslin) McKiernan. He attended the Sacred Heart Parochial School of his native place until 1905, when he entered the New Haven High School, and after complet­ing the prescribed four years' classical course was graduated with the class of 1909. Having in the meantime decided to adopt medicine as a profession, he matriculated in the medical department of Tufts College and was graduated with the degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1914. He then spent some three years in hospital work. In 1916 he was appointed instructor at Cornell University in hygiene, where he remained for six months, then in February, 1917, entered the United States navy as lieutenant in the Medical Corps, serving during the war with Germany until January 5, 1920. He then came to New Brunswick, New Jersey, and established himself in the practice of his profession.
Dr. McKiernan specializes in Urology, and is a member of the staff of the Middlesex Hospital, also the Hospital for Joint Diseases, of New York City. He is a director of Gradwohl Laboratories of New Brunswick. He is also a director of the State clinic, and general supervisor of the Public Health of New Brunswick.
Dr. McKiernan belongs to the Professional Guild of Middlesex county, the American Medical Association, the American Urological Association, the New Jersey State Medical Association, the Middlesex County Medical Society, the Essex County Anatbmical and Pathological Society, the medical section of Rutgers College, is a member of the Sigma Alpha Epsilon, a college fraternity, and Tufts College Club, Hartford, Connecticut. He is a charter member, first secretary and a director of the Rotary Club of New Brunswick, and also holds membership in the Business Men's Club of the Young Men's Christian Association, the Raritan Valley Country Club, the New Brunswick Country Club, and the Diomedian Club of New York City. In religion Dr. McKiernan is a Roman Catholic and attends St. Peter's Church of that denomination  at New Brunswick. He is a member of Charles Henry Post, No. 59, American Legion, also American Officers of the World War. He is a member of the Reserve Corps of the United States navy, with the rank of lieutenant, senior grade.
Dr. McKiernan married, January 29, 1919, Marie Cathryn Schafer, daughter of Henry G. and Rebecca Schafer, and they are the parents of one child, Marie Louise, born May 12, 1920.

HELEN (GLIDDEN) TOMBS, of Sewaren, is among the prominent women in the social and club life of Woodbridge township, Middlesex county, New Jersey.
Helen (Glidden) Tombs, daughter of Captain Samuel G. and Martha A. H. (Fisher) Glidden, both of distinguished ancestry, was born in Brooklyn, New York. The Gliddens came, in early Colonial days, from Hampshire county, England, where they had long been seated, a family of French and Norman descent, who came into England with William the Conqueror about the year 1066.
Captain Samuel G. Glidden, the father, was a native of Newcastle, Maine, and in the states.of New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Maine, and Ohio, the family has always taken a leading part in the pioneer move­ments. Early members of the family were partly responsible for the name given the State of New Hampshire, named for the County of Hampshire, England. In 182o, when the part of Massachusetts now called Maine became a separate State, the Gliddens were active in bring­ing about the separation, and the name Glidden is likewise well repre­sented in the State of Ohio. The family for centuries were large land­holders, but were also engaged in maritime pursuits, Samuel G. Glidden having been for years a master mariner. After retiring from the sea, he became a very successful commission merchant in New York City, and was a man of influence until his death at the age of fifty-three, in Brook­lyn, New York. He was well educated, being a college graduate, a dig­nified and commanding personage, yet genial and a sympathetic friend. His wife, Martha A:H. (Fisher) Glidden, was born in Taunton, Massa­chusetts, daughter of Julius and Mary Wheeler (Horton) Fisher, of Franklin and Wrentham, Massachusetts, a descendant of Sir Daniel Fisher, who came to America in early days and founded the town of Dedham, Massachusetts, and of the celebrated physician of that day, Dr. Nathaniel Miller, a friend of General Lafayette. The English ances­try of the Fisher family dates back for many centuries to the town of Syleham, Winston, near Cambridge, England, where they were knighted for valor by their liege lord. The Gliddens, Fishers, and all their allied families were patriots of the Revolution and of early Colonial days, and veterans of later wars. John Glidden, father of Captain Samuel G. Glidden, served in the War of 1812 at old Fort Pemaquid on the coast of Maine.
Mrs. Helen (Glidden) Tombs, the subject of this review, was edu­cated in Brooklyn, New York, and there resided until 1898, when a residence was established in Sewaren, New Jersey. Her beautiful home, - Strathspey Hall on Cliff Road, Sewaren, is the abode of hospitality and culture, her friends being many. Mrs. Tombs is the founder and organ­izer of the Sewaren History Club and of the local Civic Club, two organizations which have been of great value to the community. It was through her efforts that a memorial stone dedicated to George Wash­ington was placed in the belfry tower of the Memorial Cathedral at Valley Forge by the History Club, of Sewaren, New Jersey. Like "Tabitha" of old, she is active in numerous good works. An enthus­iastic Red Cross worker, she also finds time to give generous support to all worthy charitable and philanthropic movements. She is a member of the Fort Greene Chapter, Daughters of the American Revolution, of Brooklyn, New York; an honorary member of Camp Middlebrook Chap­ter, Daughters of the American Revolution, of Bound Brook, New Jer­sey; of the New England Women's Society, of New York; the New Jer­sey Historical Society; the Women's Branch of the New Jersey Histor­ical Society; and of the Monmouth County Historical Society. She is also a member of St. John's Episcopal Church, of Sewaren.
Mrs. Helen (Glidden) Tombs was twice married (first) to Frederic Firman Grant, whose life history follows in this work, and (second) to William Henry Tombs, born at Rahway, New Jersey, son of William H. and Margaret (Ayres) Tombs. The Tombs family came from Eng­land and first located at Toms River, New Jersey, later settling at Rah­way in the same State. Mr. Tombs' maternal ancestors, the Ayres fam­ily, are related to the well known Coreys, of Elizabeth, and Halseys, of Newark, and to the Davis family, of Elizabeth, New Jersey. Mr. Tombs is an inventor and has devoted his life to mechanical research and practice.

FREDERIC FIRMAN GRANT was born in Hobart, New York, June 1837, and died at his home in Sewaren, New Jersey, jaly 26, 1915. He was the son of Philander Sweeton and Caroline R. (Greene) Grant, being descended on the paternal side from Matthew Grant, who came to America from Strathmore, Scotland, settled early at Windsor, Connecticut, and from whom General Ulysses Grant also descended. On the material side, the line of descent includes the progenitors of General Nathaniel Greene, of Revolutionary fame.
While still very young, Frederic Firman Grant came with his parents to Albany, New York, where he was educated in the public schools and in the old Albany Academy. Upon leaving the Academy, he went to work in a local bank where he remained until his real opportunity came, when George F. Baker, a close friend of his and later a great financier, invited young Grant to join him in his banking activities in New York City. Mr. Baker had just organized the First National Bank, of New York, and the opportunity offered was a valuable one. Thus Frederic Firman Grant entered upon the important banking career in which he remained until his death, a period of more than half a century. He saw the First National Bank of New York City grow from what might be termed an acorn to a mighty oak, and much of the growth of that insti­tution may be attributed to those who, like Mr. Grant, so faithfully and ably filled its important offices.
Mr. Grant was a loyal and good business man, having many firm friends and affiliations in business and financial circles. The social side of his life was varied. Being a constant reader and possessed of much humor, he was the life of most gatherings of which he formed a part. He was held in high esteem by his many friends and acquaintances, and having a genial and sympathetic nature, combined with insight and good judgment, his advice and counsel were much sought. During the Civil War days he was a member of that famous old military body, the Albany Zouaves. He was a member of various societies, orders and clubs, among them being the Albany Society, and the Salamagundi Society, of Wood­bridge, New Jersey, of which he was president for a time. He was a staunch Republican and a leader in the Republican Club, of Brooklyn, New York. When he established his residence in Sewaren, Middlesex county, New Jersey, he took a leading part in all movements for the wel­fare of the community, and here he had a host of warm friends. At Sewaren and at Woodbridge he was well known, socially and other­wise, and was a prominent member and a warden of St. John's Episcopal Church, of Sewaren, New Jersey, and St. James, of Brooklyn, New York.
Mr. Grant married Helen Glidden, of Brooklyn, now a prominent figure at Sewaren, New Jersey, whose life story is told in the preceding sketch.

RARITAN TRUST COMPANY—The history of the Raritan Trust Company dates from June 6, 1916, when the institution was incorporated under the laws of the State of New Jersey, with a capital stock of $xoco,000. The company is owned and controlled by residents of Perth Amboy and vicinity, and the degree to which the public confidence is held is shown by a gratifying annual increase in the business of all its departments. The Raritan Trust Company performs all the service of the modern trust company, and in addition to its banking business has come into that intimate touch with the community that such an institu­tion, through the very nature of its organization, can best attain.
There have been only a few minor changes in the official personnel of the company during the four years of its life, and its place of business continues at the corner of State and Fayette streets. The statement pre­pared at the close of business, June 3o, 1921, showed deposits of well over $1,500,000, and all its items indicate a healthy growth and vigor­ous condition. The officers of the Raritan Trust Company are: Sidney Riddlestorffer, president; A. Greenbaum, vice-president; Abel Hansen, vice-president; A. Clayton Clark, vice-president; W. Parker Runyon, vice-president; Harry E. Comings, secretary-treasurer; and I. R. Solt, assistant-treasurer. The directors are: A. Clayton Clark, manager of the Raritan Copper Works; Leo Goldberger, city attorney; M. S. Goldberger, merchant; A. Greenbaum, president of the Metuchen Realty and Improvement Company; Abel Hansen, proprietor of Fords Porcelain Works; M. M. McHose, treasurer of L. H. McHose, Incorporated; Anton Massopust, real estate and insurance operator; S. Riddlestorffer, mort­gage and investment broker; I. R. Robins, dealer in lumber and building materials; L. M. Rossi, works manager of the General Bakelite Com­pany; W. Parker Runyon, president of the P. A. Dry Dock Company; Dr. C. I. Silk, physician; Frank Stas, treasurer of the Slovak League of America ; Max Wurtzel, of Wagner & Wurtzel, wholesale merchants. The company has found a wide local sphere of influence, and has taken a responsible place among the financial institutions of the county.

FRANK HENRY VAN SYCKLE—Among the most prominent of the young business men of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, is Frank Henry Van Syckle, owner and manager of the Frank Van Syckle Garage, located at No. 162 New Brunswick avenue. His meteoric rise, from a modest beginning at the bottom of the ladder to the topmost rung of success in the automobile business of the county and State, is a matter of much favorable comment by his fellow-citizens. His interest in all that concerns the welfare of the community is deep and sincere, and wherever substantial aid will further public progress, it is always freely given.
Mr. Van Syckle was born in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, July 26, 1884, son of Peter H. and Catherine Van Syckle, of New Brunswick, New Jersey. He was educated in the public schools of Perth Amboy, and took a further course in mechanics with private tutors. At the age of fourteen years he made his first venture in the business world by selling newspapers in his home town. At seventeen, he began mechanical work as a machinist in the employ of Thomas Lingel, on Kings street. His next employment was with the Ramsay Ship Building Yard. From there he went to the Raritan Copper Works, where he was foreman of the machine shop, and finally became .master mechanic for the Barber Asphalt Paving Company, remaining with that company until he was twenty-six years old.
Like many another ambitious and energetic young man, Frank H. Van Syckle was not satisfied to eke out an existence in the employ of others; he wanted to establish himself in a business of his own, where he could garner the fruit of his labor and energy, and establish for himself a position in the business world, so on October 1, 1910, with a small and borrowed capital back of him, he started in the automobile business of repairing and selling of automobiles, locating in a small frame building—little more than a shanty—at the corner of Fayette and High streets. He was successful from the start; the business soon outgrowing its limitations, he was obliged to seek more spacious quarters, and in 1911 removed to New Brunswick avenue, to the John Donaghue building, then known as the City Market, now the New Auditorium, and there engaged in the sale of automobiles, under the firm title of the Frank Van Syckle Garage. These quarters he rented for five years, when they again proved too small for the ever-expanding business, so in 1913 he began to erect the handsome building on the corner of New Brunswick avenue and Jefferson street, where he is now located, one of the largest auto­mobile concerns in the State. This building, completed in 1914, and perfectly fitted out in every detail for the automobile business, with its spacious showroom, finely equipped garage and beautiful offices, is indeed a monument to the energy, business ability and good taste of its owner. Mr. Van Syckle moved his business to these new quarters, then in 1917 he purchased the New Auditorium building, where he had for­merly conducted his business. The business stilt expanding, he erected a building in New Brunswick, and opened a new branch of the business, under the title of the American Auto Company.
Among other enterprises in which Mr. Van Syckle is interested is the A. G. Belknap Company, of Plainfield, New Jersey. He is also vice-president of the Fords National Bank at Fords, New Jersey. Mr. Van Syckle is now thirty-six years old, and in ten years of his business career, starting at the bottom with a borrowed capital of but three hundred dol­lars, he has risen to be the owner of the above mentioned concern, the largest of its kind, and still expanding.
During the World War Mr. Van Syckle furnished the government with fifty automobiles for its use at Camp Raritan at a mere nominal rental, keeping them in condition and supplying all parts and supplies, and was one of the largest purchasers of Liberty bonds during all the drives. In religion he is a Roman Catholic, and a member of St. Mary's Church, of Perth Amboy. He holds membership in the East Jersey Club, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Knights of Columbus, Forest­ers, and New York Canadian Club. Mr. Van Syckle is married and has one son, Frank H., Jr.
It may be said of Frank Henry Van Syckle that he has been the architect of his own fortune, and is building up a name that will endure. He is an able business man, public-spirited and progressive, and the place he occupies in the community is well deserved.

THOMAS FRANCIS DUNIGAN, who for many years was a leader in the business, financial and political life of Middlesex county, was one of the esteemed and representative citizens of Woodbridge, New Jersey, until his passing away, April 30, 1921.
Mr. Dunigan was a son of Bernard and Julia (Ryan) Dunigan, also prominent in the community life of Woodbridge. He attended the public schools of Woodbridge and the parochial schools of Perth Amboy, sub­sequently completing his education at St. John's Academy, Fordham, New York. Mr. Dunigan at first started in business with his father, who was a prosperous clay miner and contractor, with properties in Woodbridge, but remained with him but a short time. His next con­nection was with the Ostrander Fire Brick Company, Fords, New Jer­sey, as a foreman in their clay banks. Here he gained much experience, and after being thus associated for a few years, he was tendered an offer to become associated with the Henry A. Maurer. & Sons .Company, Maurer, New Jersey. For a time he acted as foreman, but later .con­tracted with this company in mining clay. This connection was a pleas­ant one, and quite permanent, for he remained with the company for some twenty-eight years, until his health required him to relinquish it, much to the regret of the Maurers. While associated with them he established, during the year 1898, a retail coal and wood business, which grew rapidly to large proportions, and still later added builders' supplies, which also proved a success. His next venture was that of a contractor on road construction work, and in all of these activities he became a ' leader and known throughout the State of New Jersey.
Mr. Dunigan was a director and vice-president of the First National Bank of Woodbridge; a town committeeman ; president of the fire com­missioners, and a county freeholder. He was a staunch Democrat, and a leader in the councils of the party. In his religious belief he was a Roman Catholic, being a member of St. James' Roman Catholic Church, Woodbridge, of which he was a trustee up to the time of his death. Mr. Dunigan was equally well known in fraternal circles, being a member of New Brunswick Lodge, No. 324, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks; the Knights of Columbus, of Perth Amboy; the Royal Arcanum, of Woodbridge; and the Catholic Benevolent Legion of America.
Mr. Dunigan married, in Woodbridge, May 28, 1884, Jane M. Finn, daughter of Robert and Margaret (Meagher) Finn, who were among the first settlers of Irish ancestry in Woodbridge. The following children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Dunigan : Florence, now the wife of James J. Dunne, of Brooklyn, New York, and they have three children : James J., Jr., Jane M., and Regina M.; George, now living at Woodbridgq; Jane L., now the wife of Edmund A. Hayes, and they have two children : Edmund A., Jr., and Jane ; Anna B., who resides with her mother.
In the passing away of Thomas F. Dunigan, Woodbridge lost one of its most substantial sons and citizens, a man who was a good father, a firm friend and neighbor, and a builder in every sense of the word, which means so much to any commonwealth.

JOHN H. RINEHART—The Rineharts are a Hunterdon county, New Jersey, family, George Rinehart being a farmer there until his death. He married Mary Ann Hackett, also of a Hunterdon county family, and among their children was a son, John H. Rinehart, father of George Rinehart, the latter now conducting a prosperous ice business in Dunellen, New Jersey.
John H. Rinehart was born in Hunterdon county, New Jersey, April 10, 1863. He was educated in the public schools, and became a cooper by trade, but for many years was in railroad employ. Mr. Rinehart was brought up in the Roman Catholic church; in politics always a Democrat.
Mr. Rinehart married, in Hunterdon county, February 14, 1880, Anna Hallanhan, born. in Ireland, March 17, 1864, daughter of Patrick and Catherine (Hapney) Hallanhan. Of this marriage seven children were born: 1. Francis J., born May 29, 1881. 2. Mary, born February 10, 1882, died August 20, 1888. 3. George, born April 10, 1885; he is now well established in the ice business in Dunellen, New Jersey, employing in his enterprise two large trucks; in his earlier years he learned the machinist's trade, which he followed for some time. 4. Anna, born October 3, 1889. 5. Sylvester, born December 13, 1893. 6. John, born June 26, 1895. 7. Catherine, born January 1898.

EDWARD J. HEIL—Teutonic strength, steadiness and patience, have long been adding their contribution to the diverse elements which make up the life stream flowing into this country from across seas, and they have built valuable material into the life of the nation. When Henry and Caroline (Schardt) Heil came to the land of opportunity about 186o, from Fulda, Germany, they brought their worldly goods with them, and they came to stay. Since that time, in thorough-going, practical fashion, they have built themselves into the life of the communities in which they have lived, first at Newark, New Jersey, and later at Linoleumville, New York. Mr. and Mrs. Heil were the parents of six children: Edward J., 'of further mention; Henry A., Margaret, Anna, Caroline, and Mary. Mr. and Mrs. Heil are now both deceased.
Edward J. Heil was born In Newark, New Jersey, September 13, 1869. He attended the public schools of Linoleumville, New York, later the private school of Mrs. Simonds of the same town, finishing at St. Ben-edict's College at Newark, New Jersey. Since that time his busy years have been passed mostly at Carteret, Middlesex county, New Jersey, where he is widely known as an active, progressive, and extremely suc­cessful real estate and insurance man. The carrying on of a very large and successful business, however, does not prevent him from serving his community in many valuable ways. He has been president of the Board of Education since 1907, and of the Board of Health since 1913. He has also been president of the Exempt Firemen's Association since 1903, and of the Sinking Fund Commission since 1915. Mr. Heil has been serving as president of the Roosevelt Realty and Investment Com­pany, Inc., since the beginning of its existence in 1913, and of the Car­teret Building Loan Association for ten years.
Politically, Mr. Heil is a Democrat, is president of the Carteret Dem­ocratic Club, is a member of the county executive committee, and has been local judge and recorder since 1915. Fraternally, he is affiliated with Elizabeth Lodge, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Foresters of America, the Improved Order of Red Men, the Knights of Columbus, and with the Woodmen of the World. Mr. Heil was secre­tary of the Committee on Incorporation of the borough of Roosevelt in 1906. With his multitudinous business, civic, and social responsibilities, Mr. Heil finds time for active church duties. He is a member of St. Joseph's Roman Catholic Church, and is president of the Holy Name Society. Mr. Heil married Rose Frances Kreger, daughter of Joseph and Anna Frances (Brown) Kreger, of Dover, New Jersey, and they are the par­ents of two children : Edward J., Jr., born August 9, 19o0, educated in the public schools of Roosevelt, the high school of Rahway, Seton Hall Preparatory School, and Seton Hall College, South Orange, New Jersey ; and Helen F., born February 3, 1905, educated in the public schools of Roosevelt, and Mount St. Mary's Academy, of Plainfield, New Jersey.

LLOYD PERCY JOHNSON.—The name Johnson is an old and honored one in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, the first settler in this branch, James Johnson, great-grandfather of Lloyd P., being of the Newark John­son family, founded by Thomas Johnson, who in May, 1666, came with the thirty families from Connecticut to Newark, New Jersey, where the first town meeting was held, May 21, 1666. Thomas Johnson was one of the committee of five from Newark who met John Ogden, Robert Treat, and others from Elizabeth, New Jersey, to settle boundary disputes. He became one of Newark's most influential citizens, active in church and State. His residence in Newark was on the northeast corner of Broad and Walnut streets, on the site of the present Grace Church. Thomas Johnson was a son of Robert Johnson, who came from Yorkshire, Eng­land, and was one of the founders of the New Haven, Connecticut, colony. James Johnson, of the eighth American generation, was pro­prietor of the Old Tavern at the foot of High street, and is buried in Perth Amboy. His son, Jeremiah Johnson, was born in Perth Amboy, and both he and his son, Abraham Johnson, were engaged in oyster planting in the Raritan river and in the bay. Abraham Johnson mar­ried Margaret Isdell, born and married in Perth Amboy, which city is still her home at the age of sixty-five years. Mr. Johnson died an acci­dental death, September 23, 1907, aged sixty years. Children, all born in Perth Amboy : Elwood, chief clerk with the Lehigh Valley Railroad CoMpany, married and has a son, Elwood; Mattie, married Ferdinand Hall, of Perth Amboy, and has a son; Ferdinand L. Hall; Lloyd Percy, of further mention; Viola, deceased, who married W. L. McCready; and Caroline, who died unmarried.
Lloyd P. Johnson, youngest son of Abraham and Margaret (Isdell) Johnson, was born in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, August is, 188o, and was there educated in the public schools. After leaving high school, he was engaged in the oyster planting business with his father for eighteen months, and then entered the employ of the Perth Amboy Gas Light Company, where he remained for two years, then worked for the Public Service Corporation for a year and a half at the end of which time he entered the employ of the Central Electric Company, later returning to the Perth Amboy Gas Light Company. He then continued in the employ of that company for eighteen years, rising from office boy to the position of assistant manager. In 1914 he resigned his position to engage in the insurance business under the firm name, The Johnson Company. In 1919 he purchased a half-interest in the business of Pierce & Son, one of the largest fire insurance agencies in the country, now operated as the Pierce-Johnson Company. Mr. Johnson opened up Keasbey Heights, an addition to the city, as his personal promotion, and has other interests of similar nature. He is fond of sports of the forest and field, hunting being his favored recreation. He is a member of the Baptist church, and a man highly esteemed for his sterling qualities. Mr. Johnson is a Re­publican in politics, and ran for the State Assembly on the Republican ticket in 1918.
Mr. Johnson married, in Perth Amboy, Johanna Margaret Koyen, born in Perth Amboy, daughter of Emil and Marie Koyen, both residing in Woodbridge, New Jersey, her father a retired builder.

JOHN H. DAYTON.—One of the well known business and profes­sional men of Middlesex county, New Jersey, having offices in Perth Amboy and residing in Woodbridge, New Jersey, is John H. Dayton. He was born February 10, 1881, in Perth Amboy, the son of Spencer and Mary E. (Walters) Dayton, his father for many years a prominent con­tractor and builder in Perth Amboy.
John H. Dayton attended the grammar and high schools of his native city, and then studied architecture with private tutors, passing the ex­aminations required to practice as an architect in the State of New Jer­sey, in 1902. Since that time he has followed that profession with pro­nounced success, having prepared plans for many of the well known buildings of Middlesex and surrounding counties.
Mr. Dayton is a member of the State Board of Architects. Politically, he is a Republican. He is affiliated with the Free and Accepted Masons, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the East Jersey Club, and the Raritan Yacht Club.
On June 20, 1906, Mr. Dayton married Amy B. McEwen, daughter of Joseph and Sarah McEwen. They have one child, Dorothy Dayton.

THOMAS J. SCULLY, for eight years representative for the Sec­ond District of New Jersey in the Congress of the United States, and at present mayor of the city of South Amboy, New Jersey, is one who has at -.adily endeavored to make after-election performance square with pre­election promise. In so doing, he has found that he who would achieve must struggle, and his Congressional career has been an eventful one.
Born in South Amboy, New Jersey, September 19, i868, he attended the public schools of that city and then went to Seton Hall College. Upon leaving college, he was taken into the towing business which his father had established in 1874. Always energetic, ambitious, and capa­ble, he directed his full energy into the upbullding of that business with the result that the Scully Towing and Transportation Company de­veloped into an important maritime enterprise, owning more than fifty ocean going tugs and barges and carrying more than a million tons of freight annually to all parts of the world.
Devotion to his business, however, did not prevent Mr. Scully from taking an active part in the life of his community. Always ready to aid in any project which seemed to him well calculated to further the inter­ests of the city, he early gave evidence of executive and administrative ability, and when, in 1898, Dr. Ambrose Treganowan resigned his office. as mayor of South Amboy, the Council appointed Mr. Scully to finish the unexpired term. Mr. Scully had already served the city most accept­ably and faithfully as a member of the Board of Education for a term of three years, and in filling out the unexpired term as the chief executive of the city, he so commended himself to the people that in 1909 they elected him to serve for a full term. In discharging the duties of that office he displayed the same vigor and fearlessness that had made the Scull); Towing and Transportation Company a success. He improved the dock facilities and the sewer system of the city and reorganized the fire and police departments. In 1908 he went as a Democratic delegate to the National Convention that named William J. Bryan for President, and he was also a candidate on the Bryan ticket for presidential elector. He was also a delegate to the National Convention which nominated Woodrow Wilson in 1912. .
It was in 1910 that Mr. Scully first appeared as a candidate for Con­gress, securing the nomination against the Republican candidate, Ben­jamin F. Howell, who had represented the District of Washington for sixteen years, and defeating him by a plurality of nearly 4,500. So acceptably and ably did he represent his district that he was reelected in 1912-14-16. In 1916 the result of the contest between himself and the Republican candidate, Robert Carson, was in dispute for many weeks after the election. The returns as filed with the county clerks by the election boards of the district credited Mr. Carson with fourteen more votes than were credited to Mr. Scully. Mr. Scully demanded a recount, and because a tie between the parties in the National House of Repre­sentatives was threatened, the result of the recount was awaited with keenest interest throughout the country. The recount disclosed a ma­jority in favor of Mr. Scully and he retained his scat, preventing the tie between the parties in the House.
Since completing his most honorable and faithful term of Congres­sional service, Mr. Scully has not become inactive, but continues to fur­ther the economic, social, and political interests of his community, state, and nation in every way possible. His long and eventful experience in the legislative halls of the nation make him an unusually valuable citi­zen, and in many fields of endeavor his influence is felt and will con­tinue to work for the upbuilding of intelligent and efficient civic life. He is the present mayor of South, Amboy, an office to which he was elected shortly after the expiration of his Congressional term, and to which he was again returned at the last city election.

THOMAS L. SLUGG.—One of the well known citizens of Carteret, Middlesex county, New Jersey, is Thomas L. Slugg, who was born in Huntingdon Valley, Montgomery county, Pennsylvania, January 16, 1860. He was educated there in the grammar schools, and upon complet­ing his school years he became a telegraph operator and station agent. In 1888 he came to Carteret, where he followed the same occupation for three years. About 1892 he engaged in the real estate and contracting business here, which he continued until his retirement from same in 1916. He is now supervising foreman for the United States Metal Refin­ing Company at Carteret.
Mr. Slugg has been active in a public way, being a justice of the peace since 1890, and once postmaster and recorder of Carteret. Fraternally, he is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and a mem­ber of the Junior Order of United American Mechanics.
Mr. Slugg married, March 3, 188o, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Margaret J. Robinson, of Norristown, Pennsylvania, and they are the parents of the following children : Morris L., now (1921) superintend­ent of the American Agriculture Chemical Company at Belfast, Maine; Bessie E., now Mrs. Howard W. Thorn, of Carteret, New Jersey; Fannie P., residing at home with her parents; Julia R., now Mrs. L. Bergheim, of Dunellen, New Jersey ; Margie, a teacher in Perth Amboy public schools; Ruth M., a trained nurse in the employ of Mrs. M. Barron, of Woodbridge, New Jersey, who is now (1921) 104 years old; and Clar­ence H., now supervising foreman for the United States Metal Refining Company at Chrome, New Jersey, and a councilman for the borough of Roosevelt, New Jersey.

PETER ANDREAS JOHANSEN.—The ancestry of Peter Andreas Johansen, president and treasurer of the Perth Amboy Foundry and Machine 'Company, extends far back into Danish history, the American record of the line dating from his own arrival, via the Danish West Indies, in 1884. He is a grandson of Peter Johansen, of Horsens, Den­mark, and son of Julius Johansen.
Julius Johansen was born in Copenhagen, Denmark, in 1826, and died in i9oo. He was an iron molder by trade, and served as a sergeant of infantry in the Danish army. In 1848, while serving in this military capacity during the Danish-German War, he married Carolina Thessen, born in 1828, died in 1885, the marriage taking place under royal decree by order from King Frederick VII. The Thessens were silversmiths throughout many generations. Julius Johansen and his wife were mem­bers of the Lutheran church.
Peter Andreas Johansen was born in Aarhus, Denmark, August 26, 1859, and after attending public schools, was graduated in marine engi­neering at the Royal Navy Yard. In 1873 he entered the machinist's trade, and in 1881 was placed in charge of a sugar plant in St. Croix, Danish West Indies (Virgin Islands, United States), and in 1884 he came to the United States. Following the trade of machinist in Yonkers and Ossining, in New York State, for a time, he later came to Perth Amboy as superintendent of McCullough & Company's Machine Shop. In 1892 he entered the employ of Patrick White & Sons, and later was superintendent of same. In egos he founded the Perth Amboy Foundry and Machine Company, and is president and treasurer of same. Mr. Johan­sen is connected with the First National Bank of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, with the Perth Amboy Trust Company, and bears throughout his community the reputation of an able, substantial, progressive man-of­affairs. His technical talents have been turned to industrial advantage, and the concern of which he is the head ranks high among organizations of its kind in the locality.
From 1897 to 19o1 Mr. Johansen was an alderman of Perth Amboy, and from tgoz to 1906 he was a member of the Board of Freeholders of Middlesex county. He has numerous fraternal affiliations, and has held all offices in Algonquin Lodge, No. 44, Knights of Pythias, while he holds the thirty-second degree in the Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite of Ma­sonry, his lodge, Raritan, No. 61, Free and Accepted Masons of Perth Amboy. He is also a noble of Salaam Temple, Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, of Newark. He is a member of Perth Am.. boy Forest, Tall Cedars of Lebanon, and is also a member of the Young Men's Christian Association. He and his family are communicants of the Protestant Episcopal church.
Mr. Johansen married, in St. Paul's Church, Ossining, New York, Mary Louise Rex, who died January t, 1921, daughter of William and Louise Rex, her father a lawyer of the Virgin Islands. Children of Peter Andreas and Mary Louise (Rex) Johansen : f. Wilson, born in Perth Amboy, educated in the Perth Amboy High School and Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey ; was director and scenario writer of his own moving picture company, co-editor of Street and Smith's "Picture Play," and a writer of short stories under the non; de plume "Rex." He was a young man of literary and dramatic talent, and his death, May 12, 1916, at the age of twenty-two years, deprived his calling of a most promising man. 2. Hessie Louise, born in Perth Amboy, edu­cated in the Perth Amboy High School, a graduate of the New York College of Music.

LUCIUS PORTER JANEWAY.—The great wallpaper business conducted under the corporate title, Janeway & Carpender, is distinc­tively a Janeway enterprise, the Carpender interest having been extin­guished in 1889 by purchase. For a period of eight years, 1892-190o, it was a department of the National Wall Paper Company, but was re­deemed from trust control in 190o and incorporated as Janeway & Car­pender, Colonel Jacob James Janeway, president, yet remaining its head, although in years long past the age when men lay down business cares through physical infirmities. To that company, in 1904, came Lucius Porter Janeway, youngest of the children of Colonel Jacob James and Eliza Ann (Harrington) Janeway, as vice-president, and in association with his honored father in the president's chair, and his brother-in-law, Rev. Charles Scudder, at the secretary's desk, the Janeway control is absolute. The company runs on a plan of independent action and is the largest of all wallpaper manufacturers outside the combined companies. The business has grown to immense proportions and is a wonderful monument to the business acumen of the men who have been its direct­ing heads.
Lucius Porter Janeway was born in New Brunswick, New Jersey, June 18, 1881. He was a student at Rutgers College Preparatory School, Lawrenceville, until graduation in two, going thence to Princeton Uni­versity, there receiving the customary Bachelor's degree with the class of 1904. When college years were over, he at once became associated in the management of Janeway & Carpender, serving that corporation as vice-president. For sixteen years he has held that office, and is one of the strong men of the wallpaper manufacturing business. He is de­voted to his business, and has few outside interests.
Mr. Janeway married, in New York City, November 4, 1915, Lila Fairchild, daughter of LeRoy Cholwell and Julia Louise (Moore) Faif­child, and they are the parents of a daughter, Juliana Louise Janeway.

ROBERT R. VANDENBERGH.—One of the prominent business men and active citizens of Prospect Plains, New Jersey, is Robert R. Vandenbergh. Active in promoting all movements planned for the ad­vancement of his community, he has worked for the economic and civic upbuilding of his native city in various ways, and has made his influence felt among a wide circle of friends and fellow-citizens.
Robert R. Vandenbergh, son of Robert M. and Elizabeth S. (Mait­land) Vandenbergh, lifelong residents of Monroe township, New Jersey, was born in Monroe township, Middlesex county, New Jersey, at the home farm, April 26, 1871. He attended the public schools of his district and then went to work on his father's farm. Having by experience gained a thorough knowledge of the business, he took over the manage­ment of all his father's farm properties, and for several years managed them most successfully. In 1901, however,. he turned his attention to another line and engaged in the hotel business at Prospect Plains, con­tinuing this business until 1917, when he retired. He is still, and has been for many years, very active in the community life and in civic affairs as well as in political affairs. He supports the Republican party, was county tax assessor from 1900 to 192o, has been a member of the Middle­sex county Board of Freeholders since February 15, 192o, and takes a prominent part in the political life of this part of the State. Fraternally, he is affiliated with the B,nevolent and Protective Order of Elks, of New Brunswick, New Jersey, and with the Improved Order of Red Men, Ahander Tribe, of New Brunswick, New Jersey.
Mr. Vandenbergh married, at Cranberry, New Jersey, December 16, 1901, Mary E. Doty, daughter of Louis E. and Sarah (Montgomery) Doty, well known residents of Bernardsville, New Jersey, and one son has been born of this marriage, R. Maitland, born September 25, 1905.

ISAAC ALPERN.—There is no more illuminating commentary upon the economic, social, and political fabric of this country than is the lives of those who have come to us from other lands. Those who ques­tion the assertion that America is a land of opportunity, and that energy, application, ability, and thrift, are the only capital necessary for the building of a business career, have only to search the life histories of those who, coming to this country without capital, without friends, without acquaintance with the customs of the country, and without even the ability to use the language of the land of their adoption, have yet risen to high positions of usefulness and power.
One of these wonder stories is that of Isaac Alpern, son of Jacob and Sadie Alpern. Born June 6, 1883, in the humble home of his parents, near Warsaw, Russia, he grew strong, vigorous, enduring, inured, even as a lad, to hard work, long hours, and small compensation. That he shouldered his share of the burdens without complaint did not prevent his alert mind from seeing clearly the limitations of his environment, and meagre as was the education he received, it was enough to enable him to gain a knowledge of other lands where opportunity was greater and oppression and injustice less dominant. Visions of a better life in the land to the westward early floated before his mind, and as, from time to time, letters and reports of letters from those already in the distant land deepened his desire to try the great adventure, to turn the dream into a reality, determination strengthened into action, and when he was twenty-one he sailed away to the westward in search of a fortune and a career. He landed in New York City, the nerve center of the "Land of Opportunity," where he remained for a time doing what­ever he could find to do and getting acquainted with his new world. Then he went to Brooklyn, New York, where, working at whatever jobs he could find to do in the daytime, he attended school in the eve­ning, quickly mastering the English language. With a genic s for hard work, and a thoroughness in mastering detail. as well as a clear grasp of essentials, his increasingly ready command of the English language removed the last barrier to the first rounds of the ladder of success, and the character of the positions he held improved with each change. Of a studious nature, he used his spare moments in reading, and rapidly acquired a working knowledge of the customs, the history, and the political and civic institutions of his adopted country.
By 1904 Mr. Alpern felt prepared for a change of occupation, and removing to Perth Amboy, New Jersey, began teaching Hebrew in one of the schools connected with the Sharai Tefiloh Temple. It was char­acteristic of the man that during his career as a teacher, when he was working long hours for small pay, he still strove to improve his own fitness for his work, making nightly trips to New York City, where he continued his studies in the evening schools. He continued his teaching for about three years, when, having by strict economy saved a little money, he entered the real estate, and insurance business, first being employed by Pratt-Brown & Company, of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, and later buying out the interests of that firm. He continued business under the Pratt-Brown name for a time and then changed the firm name to Alpern & Company. As a real estate and insurance man he was very successful, and as his business grew and prospered, his services came to be sought by other interests. He was made a director of the Perth Amboy Trust Company, later becoming its vice-president, and in 1919 became president of this large and growing institution. He is also vice-president of the People's National Bank, of Elizabeth, New Jersey, and is connected with various other important concerns. As his banking interests became more and more exacting, demanding larger and larger portions of his time, he finally sold out his real estate and insurance business in order that he might devote his time to the offices of trust which had been conferred upon him.
In addition to the exacting demands of his business connections, Mr. Alpern finds time to serve his community in various ways. He is president of the Young Men's Hebrew Association and also a member of the Young Men's Christian Association. Fraternally, he is a mem­ber of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, is affiliated with various Masonic bodies, and is a member of the Raritan Yacht Club, all of Perth Amboy. He is prominent in church work, interested and active in charitable enterprises, and during the World War was a leader in the various drives for the raising of funds.
Mr. Alpern married, March 4, 1910, in New York City, Lena Pauline Coble, daughter of Louis and Rebecca Coble, of New York City, and they are the parents of two children : Ruth S., born January 1, 1911; and Frances, born April 28, 1917.
Mr. Alpern is well known in banking circles, and is a widely known and highly esteemed citizen of Middlesex county. Coming from a foreign land, with only his faith, his courage, his ability, and his willing­ness to work, he has built for himself a life and a career which speak eloquently of the character of the man, and at the same time vindicate the right of his adopted country to its best-loved title—the "Land of Opportunity."

WALTER G. DUNN.—To the intelligence, industry and thrift of her agriculturists, more than to all other causes combined, does the county of Middlesex, New Jersey, owe her remarkable development, and of this large and useful class of her population Walter G. Dunn, of New Market, is a worthy exponent.
Walter G. Dunn was born July 19, 1870, in New Market, Middlesex county, New Jersey, on the farm he now resides on, the house being two hundred and fifty years old, the shingles thereon being the same as when first built, they being shaved by hand and nailed on with hand-made nails, that being before the day of machinery for every conceivable line of work. The house is one of the landmarks of the neighborhood, being kept in good repair by its present owner, who is very proud of its antiquity. His parents were Louis C. and Aurelia Dunn, the former named born in New Market, November r, 1844, the latter born November 6, 1846. Louis C. Dunn was a tiller of the soil, conducting his operations on the farm where his son now resides.
Walter G. Dunn attended the common schools of Piscataway town­ship. From childhood he assisted in the labors of the farm, and early in life became familiar with all the duties pertaining to the life of the agriculturist, and when the time arrived for earning his own livelihood he chose the line of work followed by his father. His birthplace has become his permanent place of residence, and the neat and thritfy appearance of the farm, coupled with the handsome competence he receives from his labors, plainly indicate that his vocation was wisely chosen. He is a member of the Seventh Day Baptist church, in which he takes an active interest, and his political allegiance is given to the Republican party. He is a member of the Order of Foresters.
Mr. Dunn married, February 13, 1889, in Dui:ellen, New Jersey, Ella T. Larkin, born April 3, 1870, daughter of George and Anna Shepard (Tithwarth) Larkin, the former named born in Connecticut, September 26, 1827. Three children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Dunn : Myrtle T., born March 26, 1892; Jennie F., born March 20, 1893; and Marjorie, bc,rn March 23, 1895.

SARAH E. M. TOMS.—One of the landmarks of Middlesex county, New Jersey, is the residence of Miss Toms, located in Melrose Park, which was erected by her grandfather on the paternal side in the year 1797 and remained as erected until the year 1835, a period of thirty-eight years, when an addition was made thereto by the father of Miss Toms, and thirty-four years later he built another addition, this making it a very commodious and substantial structure, now equipped with all appliances for the comfort and convenience of its inmates. The prop­erty is now very valuable, having enhanced in value in the past few years, and this was left to Miss Toms by her father at his death, she taking a particular interest in it by reason of its antiquity and associations.
Sarah E. M. Toms was born in Rahway, New Jersey, a daughter of Joseph and Sarah Jane Toms, the former named born February 12, 1802, died July 7, 1867, and the latter named born December 12, 1819, died October 1895, having survived her husband for more than a quarter of a century. They were the parents of another daughter, Ellen Jane, born August 2, 1843, died August 12, 1873.
Miss Toms attended the common school adjacent to her home, this knowledge being supplemented by careful reading and observation. She is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church of Melrose Park, taking an active interest in its activities, and her many friends in the community honor and respect her for her many excellencies of character.

ROBERT LAWSON STOTESBURY.—In solving the complex problems of everyday existence, Robert Lawson Stotesbury takes a most practical part. Under the name of the Middlesex Sanitary Laundry he takes one of the heaviest burdens from the shoulders of the house­wives of this vicinity.
Mr. Stotesbury's father, Robert Hall Stotesbury, was born In Waterford, Ireland. He came to America when he was twenty years of age, and was accompanied by his three sisters: Ellen, Mary and Ann, all of whom are now deceased. Their brother survived them until 1919, when he died in Brooklyn, New York, at the age of ninety-two years. Robert Hall Stotesbury married Frances L. Van Cleef, who was born in New Jersey, and is now (1921) a resident of Brooklyn. They had six children, four of whom are now living: Robert Lawson; William; May, who married Peter Elling, and resides in Brooklyn, New York ; and Hattie, who married J. H. Byington, and also resides in Brooklyn.
Robert Lawson Stotesbury was born in Brooklyn, New York, on May I 1882. He received his education in the public and high schools of Brooklyn, and when eighteen years of age took a position as book­keeper in Brooklyn, later filling a similar position in New York City. He was ambitious to branch out for himself in an independent business, and to that end bent all his energies. By industry and economy he laid by enough capital to make a start in 1915, when he came to Perth Amboy, New Jersey, and established the Middlesex Sanitary Laundry. Just at this time an up-to-date, well equipped laundry was a crying need in Perth Amboy, the existing industries of this kind being utterly inade­quate to handle the volume of business waiting to be done. Mr. Stotes­bury met this real necessity in a most satisfactory manner, and his success was assured from the beginning. His first place of, business was small, and located on King street, but in 1917 he removed to his present commodious quarters, where he has installed every available kind of equipment for the rapid and faultless handling of all kinds of laundry work. His location at No. 5 Gordon street is most desirable for this line of business.
Mr. Stotesbury is a man of public spirit, and interested in every movement for the public welfare. He is a member of the Perth Amboy Board of Trade. He is also a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, of which organization he is district deputy grand master. He spends his leisure time in motoring. Mr. Stotesbury was married in the fall of 192o.

PATRICK JOSEPH ROCKS..—The man of merit and distinction, who by his own efforts has attained a prominent position, and by his personal worth commands a high place, is certainly worthy of biographic honors, and as such a one we present Patrick Joseph Rocks. Especial comment is unnecessary upon his high standing in the community, but the outline of his career cannot fail to be of interest.
Patrick Joseph Rocks was born in Ireland, March 17, 1873, the son of Patrick J. and Mary Ann (Berry) Rocks, both natives of Ireland. His father died in Baltimore, Maryland, at the age of fifty-six years. They were the parents of five children, and Patrick J. (2) is the only surviving member of the entire family.
Patrick J. (2) Rocks attended school in Ireland for a time, but in in' was brought by his father to this country, their landing place being New York City. After attending the public schools of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, where his father finally settled, at the age of thirteen he began his career in the business world by carrying water 'in the coal docks. In 1893 he entered the local fire department and drove one of the department's teams for two years, and for the past fifteen years has been engaged in his present business.
In politics he has always been a staunch Democrat, taking an active interest in the affairs of the local organization. He affiliates with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Loyal Order of Moose, Im­proved Order of Red Men, and the Knights of the Golden Eagle. He is also president of the New Jersey Third Congressional District of the Exempt Fire Department. In religion he is a Roman Catholic.
On July 12, 1912, Mr. Rocks was united in marriage with Annie A. Hill, daughter of Charles and Louise Hill. They are the parents of one child, Dorothy, born June 20, 1913.

GEORGE A. SCHENCK.—A conspicuous figure in the business life of New Market, New Jersey, is George A. Schenck, who has carried on a successful ice business here since 1895. With but little else in the way of capital save a clear head, stout heart and a strong body, and these reinforced by hard work and a clear vision, he has attained to his present position as the reward of his efforts.
George A. Schenck was born December 19, 1864, at Centerville, New jersey, the son of John H., who was a painter by trade, and his wife, Rebecca (Skilman) Schenck. After obtaining his education in the schools of his native place he came to New Market, and in 1895 established himself in the ice business. The venture proved successful, the business consistently increasing until it has reached its present large proportions. Mr. Schenck is eminently respected for the unimpeach­able integrity of his dealings, and is a leader in movements which have for their end the advancement of civic conditions.
In politics Mr. Schenck is independent, not having identified himself with any political party, preferring to remain free from all partisan influences in the exercise of his own judgment on public issues. He has long been a prominent member of the Baptist church of New Market, and affiliates with the Junior Order United American Mechanics. He also holds membership in the Owls Club.
On January 18, 1895, at Somerville, New Jersey, George A. Schenck was united in marriage with Lillian R. Soper, a native of South Plain­field, New Jersey, her birth having occurred there, August 4, 1878. To Mr. and Mrs. Schenck have been born three children: Clifford Earl, born November 8, 1899; Doris, born February I 19o4; Marjorie, born November 18, 1914. During 'the World War, April 23, 1917, Clifford Earl Schenck enlisted in the United States navy, and was located for a time at the Mare Island navy yard, California. He served on a United States-French mine sweeper, also on the "President Grant," crossing the ocean fourteen times, carrying soldiers to and from the United States.

JACOB DALLENBECK.—A stranger in a strange land, unused to the customs of his adopted country and with scant knowledge of its language, Jacob Dallenbeck was heavily handicapped when he left his native land to make a new home in the United States, yet, with the quiet perseverance and determination for which his countrymen are noted, he has made good and today is one of the recognized business men of the community where he lives.
Jacob Dallenbeck was born in Switzerland, June to, 1866, the son of Ulrich and Ferana (Bernhard) Dallenbeck. They lived on a farm which the father tilled, and the boy learned farming as he grew up, attending the common school until, when of suitable age, he entered the army, serving for ten years, though that is not the full length of service required of each man in Switzerland.
For the past seventeen years Mr. Dallenbeck has been a farmer in the Milltown section of Middlesex county, New Jersey, and during part of the time has been engaged in the sand business which he now operates and has owned for the last four years. Mr. Dallenbeck and his family are members of the Protestant church of that town. He is not allied with either of the leading political parties, preferring to be liberal in his views and uninfluenced in his choice.
While in France, Jacob Dallenbeck was married, May 3o, 1897, to Alice Tometo, born April 8, 1869. She was the daughter of Thomas and Margaret (Spcher) Tometo, both natives of Switzerland. Of this mar­riage six children were born : Fred, Alice, Walter, Claria, Jacob, and Alma. The family home is on Riva avenue, in Milltown.

HOWARD CHARLES ANDERSEN is a native of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, the son of Frederick Bernhard and Elizabeth (Peterson) Andersen. Frederick B. Andersen, born in Norway in i86o, came to Perth Amboy a boy of sixteen and has ever since been a resident of the city, a carpenter and building contractor. He married, in Perth Amboy, Elizabeth Peterson, who died in 1900. They were the parents of eight children, all born in Perth Amboy : Anna, who married M. Stricker of Woodbridge, New Jersey; Edward, a railroad contractor of Red Deer, Alberta, Canada ; Louise, married D. Wynans, of Matawan, New Jersey; Dora, married Henry Anderson of Woodbridge, New Jersey; Henry, a machinist of Newark, New Jersey; Howard Charles, of further mention; William, a confectioner of Newark, New Jersey; and Edna, who resides at Scranton, Pennsylvania.
Howard Charles Andersen was born in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, November 3, 1892, and has always made that city his home. He was educated in the public schools, finishing with grammar school at the age of fourteen. When fifteen years of age he began his connection with the automobile business as a machinist and became so proficient and capable that on April 19, 192o, he was appointed manager of the Robert Treat Garage. Later he entered the employ of the Castle's Ice Cream Company, Inc., of Perth Amboy.
In 1914 Mr. Andersen enlisted in the 12th Company, Canadian Mounted Rifles. Later he was transferred to the American Expedition­ary Forces and he became sergeant in the Air Service. He is a member of the Danish Lutheran church ; in politics he is a Republican.
Mr. Andersen married, June 3o, 1920, Blanche Riveley, born in Tottenville, Staten Island, New York, daughter of Louis and Martha Anna Riveley.

JOSEPH WINIGER.—For nearly a quarter of a century, Joseph Winiger has conducted a livery business in Metuchen, New Jersey, a community in which his nearly sixty years have been spent, his father, John Winiger, having been a small farmer of Metuchen.
Joseph Winiger was born in Metuchen, New Jersey, November 23, 1862, and there attended public schools. Twelve years of his life prior to 1898 were spent in the employ of the Lehigh Valley railroad and the Public Service Corporation, he establishing a livery business in Metuchen in 1898. That business has since been his sole activity, and although the coming of the automobile has changed its character somewhat, he is still its successful owner and manager. He is an Independent in politics, and a member of the Reformed church of Metuchen.
Mr. Winiger married, December 22, 1885, Elizabeth Brackett, born June 2, 1865, daughter of Henry and Maria Brackett, of Brockton, Massachusetts. Mr. and Mrs. Winiger are the parents of six children : Louisa, born May 7, 1887; Joseph, born September 27, 1888, married Harriet Ackley; Nettie, born January i I, 1891, married W. Edwards, now deceased; Herbert, born December 19, 1892, died January 13, 1919, married Jessie —, and left a son, Herbert; Julia, born December 13, 1894; Lloyd, born December II, 1897.

MATHIAS TEN EYCK.—All his life a farmer of Raritan township, Middlesex county, New Jersey, Mr. Ten Eyck has at the present time the largest farm in the township, and is the largest landowner in the Metuchen district. He is a son of John V. and Mary J. (Honeymon) Ten Eyck, his father also a farmer and landowner. Mr. Ten Eyck is a member of Oak Tree Presbyterian Church, and in politics is a Republican.
Mr. Ten Eyck married, in Elizabeth, New Jersey, in 1889, Ida Ben­nett, daughter of George W. and Mary K (Smith) Bennett. The Smiths come from an old family of Galveston, Texas. Mr. and Mrs. Ten Eyck are the parents of two sons : Harry H.; and Edward M., who married, in Rockaway, New Jersey, Lillian B. Yetter, of Rockaway.

JOHN PENNY, a long time farmer of Middlesex county, New Jersey, now deceased, was born in Somerset county, New Jersey, Decem­ber 12, 1830, died at his farm in the town of Rahway, Middlesex county, May 15, 1913, son of Ezra and Nettie Ann (Covert) Penny, his father a farmer of Somerset county.
John Penny was educated in the public schools, and early in life became a practical farmer, an occupation he followed very successfully all his life. He became the owner of a good farm in Rahway, upon which he was living at the time of his death. That farm, bought in 1871, is yet the home of Mrs. John Penny, his widow, and its present owner. In politics Mr. Penny was a Democrat, and in religious faith a member of the Rahway Methodist Episcopal Church. He was an honorable, hard-working man, whose years, eighty-three, were well spent.
John Penny married, December 8, 1856, Catherine Davis, born Feb­ruary 27, 1840, daughter of William G. and Sarah (Van Ness) Davis. Mrs. Davis survives her husband and continues her residence at the old farm, which has been her home for half a century (1871-1921). Mr. and Mrs. Penny were the parents of a large family: I. Ezra, born November 1858, died November 8, 1913. 2. Silas, born February 15, 1860, married Rose Fox, and has two children : Howard, born December 25, 1898, and Clarence, born April 1, 1911. 3. Mary Ella, born August 2, 1863, died March 7, 1881. 4. Anna Elizabeth, born October 21, 1871, married Carl Hanson, and has six children : Clinton, John, Carl, Kate, Hance, and Anna. 5. John B., born September 27, 1875, married Hattie Dayton.

OTTO WILLIAM LINDBERG.—One of the most prominent and influential citizens of the town of South River, New Jersey, is Otto Wil­liam Lindberg, who since taking up his residence in this community, has interested himself in all that makes for the welfare and advancement of South River.
Otto William Lindberg was born in Sweden, July 29, 1868, the son of John and Anna (Swanson) Lindberg. John Lindberg was a sea captain for many years and owned several vessels. The boy Otto was brought by his parents to this country in 1880, and upon landing in Boston remained there for several years, where he attended the local public schools, after which he served an apprenticeship' to the copper­smith's trade. He is now engaged in filling large plumbing contracts for the government.
Mr. Lindberg is the oldest member of the Board of Public Works of the borough of South River, and is vice-president and manager of a newly formed corporation, The Deerland Company, Northwest Florida. He affiliates with the Masons, having attained to the thirty-second degree, and also fraternizes with the Improved Order of Red Men and with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks Lodge. In religion he is an Episcopalian and attends the church of that denomination in this community.
On June 7, 1896, Mr. Lindberg was united in marriage with Margaret Mary Wright, daughter of the late Silas and Emma (Britton) Wright, of New Brunswick, New Jersey. Mr. and Mrs. Lindberg are the par­ents of one child, Margaret Emma, born March 28, 1910. Mrs. Lindberg has always taken an active part in the affairs of South River, being president of the Woman's Club, and member of the Chamber of Com­merce of this place. She is past matron of Ruth Chapter, No. 12, Order of the Eastern Star of the State of New Jersey. That she is certainly fulfilling her position as helpmate to her husband is proven by the fact that she has met with great success in her management of the Wash­ington Hotel, which her husband owns but has been unable to care for owing to his extensive contracting business.

PAUL CHESTER KEMENY, numbered among the promising young attorneys of Perth Amboy, is a man who is making a name for himself in the public life of this community, and who has already won the regard of his brethren of the profession, who accord him full recog­nition.
Mr. Kemeny was born in Nagy Leta, Hungary, July io, 1897, the son of Louis and Vilma Kemeny. Louis Kemeny was born in Hungary, and came to Perth Amboy, New Jersey, in 1900, where he has since been engaged in the jewelry business ; he is mentioned elsewhere in this work. The boy, Paul Chester, was brought by his parents to this country when he was very small, and upon settling in Perth Amboy attended the public schools of that place, graduating from the Perth Amboy High School in 1914. He then entered Rutgers College, matriculating with the class of 1918, and having in the meantime determined to adopt the law as a profession he entered the New Jersey Law School and won the degree of Bachelor of Laws in 1920. Mr. Kemeny served his clerkship and studied law in the office of his brother, George Kemeny, and when the latter sailed for France with the American Expeditionary Forces, Paul C. completed his clerkship in the law office of Senator Thomas Brown. Throughout his school and college courses he had proved himself an in­telligent and painstaking student, and at the close came to the opening of his career fully equipped both with natural gifts and a training that was the result of long and conscientious effort. Immediately after gradu­ating from the New Jersey Law School he passed his bar examinations and came to New Brunswick, where he established himself in the practice of his chosen profession. He opened an office at No. Tot Albany street, and this has been his headquarters ever since. During the World War he enlisted in the United States army, but was unassigned, and was honorably discharged, December 7, 1918. He affiliates with the Benevo­lent and Protective Order of Elks, Lodge No. 784. Mr. Kemeny is unmarried.

HARRY LYON. WOLFF.—The significance to the public of every form of useful activity is a matter of profound interest, but when a man of force and initiative definitely and directly bends his energies toward the upbuilding of the community in which he lives, the people owe him a large measure of respect. Harry Lyon Wolff, of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, although still a young man, has by his own efforts placed himself among the foremost men of the city.
Mr. Wolff's family comes from the famous old Russian city of Riga, where he himself was born, August 15, 1882. His father, William Wolff, born in Russia, came to this country while a young man, bringing his wife and young children with him. He went immediately to New Brunswick, New Jersey, where he established a home for his little family, and after patient application and untiring industry achieved gratifying success as a wholesale butcher. His wife, Fannie (Schuss) Wolff, was also born in Russia. She died in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, in Septem­ber, 1917, at the age of sixty-five years. Mr. Wolff died in 1921. They were the parents of six children, all of whom are now living in Middlesex county, New Jersey : Lena, wife of J. H. Friedman, residing in New Brunswick; Rose, wife of Samuel Mandel; Harry Lyon, of whom ex­tended mention follows; Ada, wife of Harry Brower; Anna, wife of Max Gibson; and Rae, wife of Samuel Tucker; all but the eldest being resi­dents of Perth Amboy.
Harry Lyon Wolff was eight years old when he came with his parents to America. He received his education in New Brunswick, New Jersey, mostly under the care of private teachers. He was quick to learn, and at an age when most lads are entering high school he was making a start in the world of business. When only fourteen years old he made his first venture in the marketing business, in New Brunswick, under the firm name of Wolff & Friedman, and two years later the ambitious firm opened a branch market on the corner of State and Center streets, Perth Amboy. At the age of eighteen, the young man made a radical change in his line of business, entering a field of effort that appealed not only to the prac­tical but to the idealistic side of his nature. The city was enjoying a period of great prosperity and rapid growth, and residences, business locations, and all kinds of real estate were in great demand. Mr. Wolff entered this field and found broad scope for his energies. At twenty-one years of age he was the largest operator in real estate in the city. In 1906 he went to New York City, where he engaged in the same line of business, remaining in that city for ten years. He then returned to Perth Amboy and formed the Maple Realty Company, in which he is now president, dealing in real estate investments, and in many cases handling the construction operations on real estate in which they are interested. Mr. Wolff, in association with Max Gibian, built the Perth Amboy Garage, but his most important interest is Aversel Park, of which he is the builder. There $500,000 has been expended, and men who are con­sidered authorities in real estate say that a population of ten thousand people may confidently be expected to gather there within the next decade.
Mr. Wolff is exceedingly fond of music, and devotes considerable time to it, but he finds it impossible to separate entirely his recreation and his business, for his keenest delight, and the pursuit in which he finds most genuine pleasure, is the building up of communities—the creating of residences and charming landscape effects where before were only barren wastes. Mr. Wolff is an attendant at Beth Mordecai Synagogue, is socially popular, and is interested individually, as well as in a business way, in every public movement that tends toward progress.

THEODORE EMIL ANDERSON.—The story of Theodore Emil Anderson's life is the story of a self-made man. In the busy life of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, he is a well known figure.
He was born in Christiansand, Norway, February 9, 1877. His father was August Anderson, an upright, industrious man, a ship's carpenter by trade. He was born in Sweden, and came to America in 1884 to pro­vide a better home and better opportunities for his little family. They located in Tottenville, New York, but remained there for only one year, going then to Perth Amboy, New Jersey. There the father died when the boy, Theodore E., was fourteen years of age. August Anderson married Ingeborg Jorgenson, who was born in Norway, and died in Perth Amboy at the age of seventy-two years. They were the parents of five children : Andrew, Theodore Emil, Magnus, Ella, now Mrs. Thomas Olesen, all of the above being residents of Perth Amboy; and William, who died in infancy.
Theodore Emil Anderson came to America at the age of seven years, and received nearly all his education in the public schools on this side the water. He attended the Perth Amboy schools until he was sixteen years of age, when he entered the employ of the S. S. White Dental Works, of that city, where he remained for one year. He then worked as clerk in a grocery store for four years. At the age of twenty-one, he began work for the United States Express Company. At twenty-five he determined to make a start in life for himself. Knowing the city thoroughly, and seeing the possibilities in the express business in a growing city, he started along that line. Beginning in a small way, he has in­creased his business and enlarged its scope until now he handles a large share of the express business of Perth Amboy and vicinity, besides con­ducting a well equipped garage. His location at No. 49 Smith street is an advantageous one, and with the assistance of his son he covers a wide field of useful activity.
Mr. Anderson does not allow business to absorb all his interest. He is always well informed on the topics of the day, especially matters of broad or National import. He is a Republican by political choice, but has always declined office. In his recreations he is apt to choose active out-of-doors sports, being especially fond of horses. At one time he was chief of the Perth Amboy Fire Department, and then he owned some of the finest horses in this section. He is a member of the Raritan Yacht Club, and of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks.
Mr. Anderson married, in Perth Amboy, Rosette Seguine, daughter of Alexander and Celia Seguine. Mr. Seguine was connected with the custom house, furnishing his own power boat. Both Mrs. Anderson's parents lived and died in Perth Amboy, and this is her birthplace. Mr. and Mrs. Anderson have three children : Gladys, born in 1899; Lester, born in 1901, who is associated with his father in business; and Eleanore, born in 1907. The family are members of the Baptist church, and active in all its social and benevolent organizations.

LEO KAHN, one of the best known jewelers of New Brunswick, New Jersey, was born in Riga, Latvia, Russia, May 20, 1887, a son of Hyman and Rebecca (Feldman) Kahn. The elder Mr. Kahn was also born in Riga, where the family is a prominent one. He was a prosperous lumber merchant of that city, came to America, retired from business, and died in Cleveland, Ohio, October 6, 1912, at the age of sixty-five years. His wife now resides with her son Leo. They have seven other children now living: David, Edward, Isadore, Charlotta, Henrietta, Rose and Jennie.
Leo Kahn received his education in the schools of his native country; then at sixteen years of age came to the United States, locating in Erie, Pennsylvania. There he entered the employ of his brother, David, who is one of the old established jewelers of that city. Continuing with him for five years, the young man then went to Irvin, Pennsylvania, with a jewelry firm there. In 1914 he made the change which is proving so materially to his own advantage, coming to New Brunswick. Here he bought out the Printz Jewelry Company and started in business at the corner of Neilson and Albany streets, which has come to be a recognized center of fine jewelry effectively displayed. Mr. Kahn has trebled the stock of jewelry handled, and more than trebled the volume of trade. He is already a leader in this line in New Brunswick. Still a young man, and with the best years of life yet before him, he bids fair to place the stamp of his individuality on the business world of Middlesex county. Mr. Kahn is a member of the Board of Trade of New Brunswick, and is widely known fraternally. He is a member of the Benevolent and Pro­tective Order of Elks, the Fraternal Order of Eagles, the Loyal Order of Moose, the Young Men's Christian Association, and the Young Men's Hebrew Association. He attends the services of Temple Ansch Emeth. In his leisure time, Mr. Kahn indulges his taste for music, to which art he is devoted. He is also an enthusiast in out-door sports.
Mr. Kahn married, in New York City, August 24, 1914, Fannie Lapidus, who was born in New York, and died in New Brunswick, New Jersey, February 9, 1920. She left a little daughter, Irma, born August 21, 1915.

LOUIS KEMENY, Perth Amboy's most prominent jeweler and a man highly respected for his substantial and public-spirited citizenship, is a native of Hungary, his birth having occurred in the city of Solmos in the county of Ungvar, March 10, 187o. He is a son of William and Marion (Berkowitz) Kemeny, of Hungary, the former being a wealthy farmer who carried on general agricultural operations on a large scale in the vicinity of Solmos in which he employed several thousand hands and two hundred teams of horses. He and his wife, who both lived and died in their native land, were the parents of three children, as follows: Gedeon, who died at the age of twenty-six years; Ethel, who became the wife of Nandor Scilagyi, a school director in Hungary; and Louis, with whose career we are here engaged.
Louis Kemeny passed his childhood and young manhood in his native region, and attended as a child the local educational institutions. It was his father's original intention that he should follow in his steps and become an agriculturist, and with this end in view he entered the Agri­cultural College in Ungvar, from which he graduated in 1891. He then served in the i6th Regiment of Austrian and Hungarian Cavalry for one year, during which time, being of an enterprising nature, his attention and ambition was turned toward the great republic of the West, where he believed great opportunities lay. In i9oo, when twenty-nine years of age, he came to the United States and after spending one year in New York City came to Middlesex county, New Jersey, and settled in Perth Amboy and established himself in his present business. His first store was situated on State street, but in 1913 he removed to No. 112 Smith street, but his business continued to grow until it became too large to be transacted there, so he removed to his present fine store at Nos. 117 and 119 Smith street. This store is now the best appointed and carries the largest stock of any establishment of its kind in Middlesex county, and the business is still developing rapidly. Mr. Kemeny has always taken an active and intelligent part in the conduct of local affairs, and is prominent in several fraternal orders and clubs in the city, notably the Masonic order, in which he has attained the thirty-second degree. He is affiliated with the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons; Royal Arch Masons; Royal and Select Masters; Knights Templar; Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine; and the Sovereign Princes of the Royal Secret. Besides these Masonic bodies, he is a member of the local lodge, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and the Perth Amboy Progress Club. Mr. Kemeny attends the Temple Beth Morchi in Perth Amboy. In his early youth he was devoted to the sport of hunting, but of recent years has given this up to a certain extent and now takes a keen interest in the modern development of dramatic art. He is a Republican in politics.
Louis Kemeny married (first) 1894, Vilma Berger, (second) 1899, before coming to this country, Sidonie Altman, a native of Austria. Mr. Kemeny had one child by his first wife, and two by his second wife, born in Hungary, as follows: 1. George, born September 22, 1895, now a practicing attorney in Perth Amboy ; during the World War he entered the United States army and served, with the 311th Infantry Regiment of the 78th Division, being attached to the headquarters company; he served in France during the closing episodes of the campaign, and upon the signing of the armistice entered the University of Paris, where he continued the legal studies he had already commenced in the United States; in July, 1919, he returned to this country and is now established in Perth Amboy in the practice of his chosen profession with offices in the Raritan building. 2. Paul Chester, now a practicing lawyer in New Brunswick, New Jersey. 3. Mitzie, born February 3, 1900, now resides with her parents. None of Mr. Kemeny's children are married and the entire family make their home at No. 152 High street, Perth Amboy.
In the conduct of his most successful business, Mr. Kemeny is sec­onded by the work of several capable assistants, the chief of whom is Mr. Herman Lieberman who, like his chief is a native of Europe, having been born in Austria, August 22, 1885. Mr. Lieberman came to the United States, September 24, 1917, and after residing in New York City for three months, came to Perth Amboy and entered directly into his association with Mr. Kemeny. He married Dora Kessler, of New York City, and they are the parents of one child, Leonard S., born June 29, 1917. Mr. Kemeny's second assistant is Mr. W. Edward Roberts, a native of Wales, born December 13, 1892. He came to the United States in 1913, and married Minnie A. Pheil, of Perth Amboy.

HENRY MORAFF.--The family of which Henry Moraff is a mem­ber is an old one in the city of Odessa, Russia, where they have lived for several generations, some of the men being prominent in military affairs and some of them engaged in the legal profession.
Henry Moraff was born in Odessa, Russia, February 12, 1877. His parents were Meyer and Sarah (Jacob) Moraff, natives of Odessa, the former having been a successful lawyer there. He came to the United States in 1891, bringing his wife and children with him, and settled in New York '.-ity, where he continued to live until his death in 1915, at the age of seventy-eight years. His widow, Mrs. Sarah (Jacob) Moraff, is still living at her home in New York. She and her husband had seven children : Israel, Isaac, Morris, Henry, Irving, Francis, Dorothy; all are now living in New York City with the exception of Henry Moraff, who lives in New Brunswick.
When in 1891, Henry Moraff landed in this country, he was only four­teen years old, but he found employment in a dry goods store in New York where he received a salary of three dollars a week. About twenty years later Mr. Moraff went to Jackson, Michigan, where he opened a gentleman's furnishing store in 1912. During the time he lived there he held the office of trustee of the Synagogue for five years. Coming East again, Mr. Moraff became interested in New Brunswick, New Jersey, entering into business in that city. He opened a clothing store at No. 349 George street, in September, 1919, and gave it the name of "Henry's Clothing Shop." It has proved to be a successful venture, Mr. Moraff having made many friends in his new location.
When the Rotary Club was organized in New Brunswick, Henry Moraff was one of the charter members of it; he is also active in the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and in the local Board of Trade; he attends the Temple, and is much interested in the Young Men's Hebrew Association, of which he is a member. During his boy­hood, Henry Moraff was particularly interested in bicycle riding, and as a member of the Lincoln Wheelmen won many medals in competition affairs. When this club was organized, Mr. Moraff was one of the charter members. He has always been fond of all out-door exercise, at present his chief pleasure being to take long trips in his automobile, sometimes covering five hundred miles a day.
In New York City, October 2, 1904, Henry Moraff married Belle Levy, daughter of Morris and Rose Levy, formerly residents of New York City, where their daughter Belle was born. They are both de­ceased. Mr. and Mrs. Henry Moraff have one child, Richard J., born in New York City, July 8, 1905. Their home is at No. 227 Power street, New Brunswick.

SAMUEL BELIKOVE, who was a prominent and well known mer­chant of Perth Amboy, where he was engaged in the wholesale produce business until January I, 1921, and then retired, was a native of Russia, born December 1, 1866, died May 17, 1921. He was the son of Philip and Fannie (Zolotoroff) Belikove. The elder Mr. Belikove was born in Russia, and for many years was engaged in cattle raising. He married Fannie Zolotoroff, now living in Perth Amboy, having come from Russia fifteen years ago. They were the parents of one child, Samuel, mentioned below.
Samuel Belikove was educated in the schools of his native place, and at the age of twenty-three years set sail for this country. Upon landing in New York City he came direct to Perth Amboy, New Jersey, where in 1894 he established himself in the grocery and fruit business at No. 4o9 State street, later moving to No. 452 State street. His business rapidly and consistently developed until it became the largest of its kind in the community. He affiliated with the Foresters of America, the Hebrew Progressive Association, and the Loyal Association.
On June 1894, Mr. Belikove was united in marriage with Dora Weinblatt, who died March 20, 1918, and they were the parents of four children : Philip I., now engaged in the auto business in Perth Amboy; Emily, born August 13, i90o; Ralph, born March 1, 1906; Sidney, born August 25, 1913. The family home is at No. 99 Lewis street, Perth Amboy. Mr. Belikove found his chief recreation in motoring.

SAMUEL GINDIN.—There is very properly full praise in this country and time for the man who has started at the bottom of the ladder and by means of his own efforts made a way to prominence in the business world. New Jersey has its share of such men and to this list may be added the name of Samuel Gindin. Real estate is the line of business in which Mr. Gindin has made his success.
Samuel Gindin was born in Russia, October 17, 1882, the son of Leon and Anna Gindin. His father, Leon Gindin, died in Russia, but his mother resides with him. To Mr. and Mrs. Gindin were born seven children, of whom there are but three living: Samuel, of further men­tion; Celia, who married Barnard Kahn, of New Brunswick, New Jersey; Anna, who married Harry Sullivan, of New Brunswick.
The education of Samuel Gindin was obtained in the public schools of his native place, and here he remained until he was twenty years of age, when he came to the United States. He located first in Philadelphia and here engaged in the carpenter's trade, having served his apprentice­ship in his native place. Four years later, in 1906, he came to New Brunswick and established himself in the real estate business at his present location, No. 41 Paterson street. The position which he occu­pies represents the reward of unremitting labor and a fixed determina­tion to achieve a responsible place, while, in his advancement, he has used the most upright methods.
Mr. Gindin has no taste for political life, never sought public office, and clings closely to business. He is affiliated with Mt. Zion Lodge, No. 135, Free and Accepted Masons, the Improved Order of Red Men, and the Young Men's Christian Association. He also holds membership in the Craftsmen's Club, of New Brunswick.
On November 28, 1911, Samuel Gindin was united in marriage with Lillian Shanholtz, daughter of the late Joseph Shanholtz. Joseph Shan­holtz was a native of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and died in New Bruns­wick, in 1920, at the age of fifty-six. Mrs. Shanholtz resides with her daughter. Mr. and Mrs. Gindin are the parents of three children : Irving, born September 16, 1915; Russell, born October 28, 1917; and Jerome, born in April, 1920. Mr. Gindin is a popular and highly-regarded member of the community and active in the advancement of the inter­ests of New Brunswick. He finds his chief recreation in motoring.

VICTOR PETER CHRISTOFFERSON.—Among the representa­tive citizens of Perth Amboy perhaps there is no man who stands out more prominently than Victor Peter Christofferson, who has ever been a conspicuous factor in everything pertaining to civic betterment.
Waldamer Christofferson, father of Victor Peter Christofferson, was born in Copenhagen, Denmark, and there learned and worked at his profession of landscape gardening until he came with his family to this country, settling first in Bangor, Maine, and then for the last twenty years of his life he worked at his profession in Plainfield, New Jersey. He married Mary Hansen, a native of Copenhagen, and they became the parents of six children, of which number four are still living: Victor Peter, of further mention; May, widow of William R. Harsell ; Cornelia, a resident of Philadelphia; Nellie, wife of William Herren, of Philadel­phia.
Victor Peter Christofferson was born in Copenhagen, Denmark, July 4, 1872, and was brought by his parents to this country when a baby. He attended the schools of Bangor, Maine, and Plainfield, New Jersey. From 1904 until 1917 he was in business in Perth Amboy as an electrical engineer, having chosen that profession for his special line of work. At present he is connected with the Manufacturers' Liability Insurance Company, Jersey City. Politically Mr. Christofferson is a Republican, giving to public affairs the interest and attention demanded of every good citizen, but taking no active part in the affairs of the organization. He was the first secretary of the Board of Trade of Perth Amboy, was the first incorporator of the Home for the Aged of Mid­dlesex County, and was one of the originators of the Community Market in Perth Amboy, being chairman of the first committee. It is also interesting to note here that Perth Amboy was the first place in the United States to start a "Safe and Sane Fourth of July," and Mr. Chris­tofferson claims the honor of being the first agitator of that. He is affiliated with various associations. He served as secretary of the Em­ploying Builders' Association of New Jersey for fourteen years.
Mr. Christofferson married (first) in June, 1901, Katherine Fisher, who died in 1912, leaving no issue. He married (second) January 3, 1914, Edith M. Frey, daughter of the late Orin C. Frey, of Perth Amboy.
Mr. and Mrs. Christofferson are the parents of one child, Victor 0. W., born March 19, 1915.
We have not said that Mr. Christofferson is a 'good citizen for that fact is self-evident. He is without doubt one of the most prominent men of the region, widely recognized as a charitable and conscientious worker and a man of the highest ideals.

AMBROSE KLAUSER, one time proprietor of the South River Hotel and for many years a well known figure in business circles here, was born in Germany, December 6, 1839, and died June 17, 1905. He was educated in his native land, and on completing his studies became a cabinet maker, which trade he followed for many years. In 1863 he came to this country, and nine years later purchased the South River Hotel, continuing to manage it until his death in 1905, when his wife became his successor and the business passed entirely into her hands, since which time Mrs. Klauser has done much in the development of this enterprise.
But it was not only in his particular business that Mr. Klauser expended his time and energy. On the contrary, there was no one more interested in the welfare and advancement of the community's affairs than he, and as a staunch Republican he always took the active interest in political life that is demanded of every good citizen. In religion he was a Roman Catholic and attended Our Ladies of Victory Church of this denomination at South River.
On April 1869, at New Brunswick, New Jersey, Ambrose Klauser was united in marriage with Pauline Mark; she was also a native of Germany, her birth having occurred there October 26, 1848. Mr. and Mrs. Klauser were the parents of five children : Amelia, born December 14, 187o, married Elward Serviss, who died January 31, 1911; Anna M., born October 5, 1872, married A. W. Bissett, and they are the parents of one child, Julia Elizabeth; Caroline, born January 20, 1874, married Foreman Bissett, to whom she has borne three children; Susy, born May 18, 1876, died April 8, 1915; Elizabeth, born March 17, 1884, mar­ried Raymond D. Booraem, to whom she has borne two children : Ray­mond and Warren.

SAMUEL SEIDEN, of New Brunswick, New Jersey, is filling a very practical place in the life of the city, in the conducting of one of the cleanest and pleasantest restaurants in this part of the State.
Mr. Seiden was born in Austria, September 15, 1883, and is a son of Mandel and Sarah Seiden, both born in Austria. Mandel Seiden is now a resident of New York City, and is a prosperous manufacturer of neckwear, having a modern plant on the corner of Broadway and Ninth street. His wife died in the old country when the children were young. They had six children, all now living in America, and all married ; Louis, Frank, Helen, Samuel, Eva and David. By a later marriage Mr. Seiden has three sons : Abe, Carl and Harry.
Samuel Seiden attended school in his native country until he was fifteen years of age, when he came to America and located in New York City. There lie worked In restaurants as a boss waiter, then as steward, then as manager. He followed along this line in New York for eighteen years, and became widely known in this business. During all this time his ambition was pointing toward a future of independence, when he should turn his experience and ability entirely to his own profit. In 1918, he made the start, coming to New Brunswick, New Jersey, where he established a restaurant, located at No. 86 Albany street. He made the place so attractive, and keeps it so neat and clean that success is rewarding his endeavors in generous measure. In addition to the regular restaurant trade, Mr. Seiden has developed a considerable business in catering. This branch of his establishment is constantly growing, and promises even greater success in the future. Mr. Seiden is active in various interests outside the business to which the greater part of his time is devoted. He is a member of the New Brunswick Board of Trade, a member of the Fraternal Order.of Eagles, and of the Young Men's Christian Association. He worships at the Jewish Synagogue.
On February 24, 1911, Mr. Seiden married, in New York City, Bessie Isabella Rosen, who was born in Roumania. Her father died in the old country, but her mother, Esther Rosen, now makes her home with Mr. and Mrs. Seiden.

LEO S. LOWENKOPF.—In November, 1897, Samuel and Lena (Schoen) Lowenkopf left their native land, Hungary, Europe, and with their infant son, their first born, came to the United States, making their home for seven years in New York City. They then moved to Perth Amboy, New Jersey, where the father died, in October, 1918, aged fifty-two. He was engaged as a butcher for a long time, but during the last eight years of his life kept a hotel in Keasbey, New Jersey. Children : Leo S., of further mention; Jacob, engaged with his brother; Gertrude and Theresa, yet school girls.
Leo S. Lowenkopf was born in Hungary, August 1897, and three months later was brought by his parents to the United States. New York City was the family home until 1904, when the family removed to Perth Amboy, New Jersey. Here he completed his elementary edu­cation, finishing in grammar school in 1911, and high school in 1915. He spent one year at Rutgers College, New Brunswick, New Jersey, then entered the New Jersey Law School at Newark, and three years later, in June, 1920, was graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Laws. He was admitted to the New Jersey bar as an attorney in December, 192o, and on January I, 1921, began practice in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, with offices at No. 224 Smith street, in the Dana building.
During the World War, 1917-18, he served on the Legal Advisory Board for the Metuchen district, and rendered other service. He is a member of the Phi Epsilon Pi, a college fraternity, and also the Lambda Alpha Phi, a legal fraternity, and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He is a devotee of all out-of-door athletics, his own specialties being running and high jumping. In 1915 he was the East Jersey High School high jump champion, and in 192o won the same honor in the New Jersey Young Men's Hebrew Association competition. He also won the broad jump championship of the Young Men's Hebrew Asso­ciation in that year.

JACOB SMERLING.—From far away Russia came Jacob Smerling when but fifteen, and in the land of freedom and opportunity he has improved the advantages offered, and since 1907 has been engaged in mercantile business in Perth Amboy, New Jersey. He is a son of Chanon Smerling, born in and yet living in Russia, a lumber dealer, and his wife, Sarah (Smulak) Smerling, also living in Russia. They were the parents of seven children, all living in the United States except one who remains in Russia with his parents. Of the other six children three are in Pennsylvania, one in Michigan, one in New York, the other in Perth Amboy, and all are married.
Jacob Smerling was born in Russia, and there passed fifteen years of his life prior to coming to the United States. He remained in New York City for some time after coming to this country, and in the city night schools acquired the English language and an English education. Dur­ing those years he was employed in selling goods on the installment plan, being his own employer, for during his entire life in the United States he has worked on his own account. In 1907 he closed out his New York ventures and located in Perth Amboy, establishing with his limited capital a small tobacco and confectionery store at No. 327 State street. For nine years he remained at that location, and by energy and thrift made the store pay. He increased his lines and built up a good patronage that continued loyal to the little shop that served them so well. In 1916 he moved to his present store, No. 148 Smith street, changing his line with his location, and now deals entirely in musical instruments, including phonographs and accessories. He is a member of Beth Mordecai Congregation, Perth Amboy, is an independent in politics, and a member of several local societies, Brith Abraham, Zion and Loyal Association.
Mr. Smerling married, in New York City, July, 1900, Sarah Levine, born in Russia, where both her parents died.

FRANK STAS, of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, in choosing the line of business in which to make his own strike for success in America, placed himself where he is able to be of great service to his countrymen who come to our shores. In his steamship ticket agency, and also in his city office as notary public, many come to him who are glad to find this, common bond.
Joseph Stas, father of Frank Stas, was born in Czechoslovakia, and died in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, at the age of sixty-nine years, Febru­ary II, 1919. His mother, Anna (Kokoska) Stu, also died in Perth Amboy, January 25, 1895, at the age of forty-one years. Joseph and Anna (Kokoska) Stas were the parents of eleven children, three of whom are still living: Theresa, wife of Emerick Karas, residing in Budapest; Frank, of Perth Amboy, of whom extended mention follows; and Josephine, who lives in New York City.
Frank Stas was born in Budapest, July 17, 1878. He received his education in that city and learned, in part, the trade of machinist. He came to America with his mother when he was fifteen years of age, and was soon foreman of the lighterage department of the American Smelting and Refining Company. In 1900 he returned again to his trade of machinist, his natural mechanical ability qualifying him for work in that line, with the training he had received in the old country. He remained with the American Smelting and Refining Company, in their machine shop, of which he was foreman for some time.
Having won the confidence and respect of the people of Perth Amboy, Mr. Stas was becoming known in political circles. He was elected notary public and later, in connection with the duties of this office, he estab­lished an agency for the handling of steamship tickets. This business has developed until, with his duties as notary public, his time is fully absorbed during business hours. Mr. Stas is interested in broad public activities outside his business. He is a faithful worker in the Repub­lican party, which nominated him for alderman in 1914. He is now a member of the Water Board. He is a director of the Raritan Trust Company and North Amboy Building and Loan Association. He is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Improved Order of Red Men, and is a chief in the Haymakers' Association. But his greatest interest lies in those organizations through which his fellow-countrymen, uniting to find mutual help in the new country, learn the principles of Democracy. He is supreme secretary of the Slovak Gym­nastic Union Sokol (Falcon); is a member of the Slovak National Soci­ety, and national treasurer of the Slovak League of America. He is also founder of the Slovak Roman Catholic church in Perth Amboy, and one of its first trustees. As relaxation from these multiplied activities, Mr. Stas indulges, occasionally, in hunting and fishing.
Mr. Stas married, in Perth Amboy, May 28, 1901, Anna Balak, daughter of John and Elizabeth Balak. She was born in Slovakia; her father died in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, but her mother survives him, and makes her home with the daughter. Mr. and Mrs. Stas have four children: Anna, born November 17, 1902; Frances, born August 7, 1903; Milan, born December 7,19°8; and Edward H., born October 5, Iwo.

FREDERICK CHRISTIAN CHRISTENSEN.—From the sturdy blood of Northern Europe come many of the upright, hard working Americans, who help constantly to renew the life and vitality of the Nation. Frederick Christian Christensen is a man still in the prime of life, who, coming from Denmark, has made a substantial success In the country of his adoption in constructive lines which make for the pros­perity of the community.
Mr. Christensen is a son of Jens Peter Christensen, who was born and died in Denmark. He lived to the age of eighty years. He was a carpenter, as was his father, Christian Jensen. Mr. Christensen's mother was Karen Marie (Andreasen) Christensen. She also was born and died in Denmark, having lived until nearly eighty years of age. They were the parents of ten children, of whom seven are living: Frederick Christian, of whom extended mention follows; Sophia, Peter, Julius, Christina, Christian, and Viggo. The eldest is the only one who left Denmark.
Frederick Christian Christensen was born in Udby Lundley Station, Denmark, September 27, 1862. There he attended school, and later began to work with his father, learning the trade of carpenter. He per­fected himself in his trade in Copenhagen, remaining there and continu­ing to work along the same line for seven years. He next spent six months in Hamburg, Germany. In the year 1888 he came to America, bringing his wife and eldest child, Ellen Mary. He located in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, and began working at his trade as journeyman carpenter. He continued working thus, and by industry and economy laid up a little capital. In 19o2 he went into business on his own account. He has been successful from the first, and is now doing business under the name of The Fred Christensen Construction Company, Incorporated, at No. 218 Madison avenue, Perth Amboy. He handles large contracts in a workmanlike manner, and no bit of construction is too small for his careful attention. Among the many important buildings erected by The Fred Christensen Construction Company may be mentioned: School No. 9, Perth Amboy, and Nos. 10 and 1, Woodbridge; remodelled Knights of Columbus building on High street, Perth Amboy.
Mr. Christensen takes a keen interest in all the activities of public life. In political affiliation he is a Republican. He is a member of the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, and a member and active worker in those societies which lend a helping hand to his countrymen who come seeking a home and livelihood in this country. These are the Danish Brotherhood, the Danish Relief Association, the Danish Hundred Men Society, and the Danish Singing Society, Prem. He also serves as secretary of the Building Trades Association of Perth Amboy, having formerly served as president of that body. The family are members of the Danish Lutheran church.
Mr. Christensen married Ellen Margaret Dagmar Hansen, who was born in Denmark. Both her parents died there. Their four children are as follows: 1. Ellen Mary, wife of Edward J. Koster, of Metuchen, New Jersey. 2. John C., associated with his father in business, secretary of the company; he saw eighteen months service in France, during the World War,. in the Air Squadron, and at the time of his discharge was first class sergeant of the 49th Air Squadron ; he is a member of the Masonic order. 3. James Andrew, enlisted as a private in the service of the government during the World War, and at the time of his dis­charge was inspector of gas at a camp near Baltimore, Maryland; he is a member of the Masonic order. 4. Caroline Sophia, twin of James Andrew, wife of John Young Hunter, of Perth Amboy.

FRITZ JAHNKE.—Among the well known business men of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, the name of Fritz Jahnke deserves conspicuous mention for the energetic part he has taken in its commercial life, where, as proprietor of the Standard Garage, he has won well merited success. Mr. Jahnke is a native of Bremen, Germany, born June 19, 1888, a son of Carl and Emma Jahnke. The elder Mr. Jahnke was born in Berlin, Germany, and has long been engaged in the hotel business in that city, where he is well and favorably known. He and his wife are the parents of three children, as follows : Agnes, who became the wife of Herman Scholtz, of Bremen; Margaret, who became the wife of Adolph Beyer, of Berlin; and Fritz, of this sketch.
As a child Mr. Jahnke attended the schools of his native land, and afterwards learned the trade of machinist there, gaining unusual pro­ficiency in the craft for one of his age. He was only twenty years old when he determined upon the step of leaving his home and seeking his own fortune in the New World. Accordingly, he came directly to the United States and went to Buffalo, New York, where he found employ­ment in his trade, remaining about twelve months. Being a skilled machinist he had no difficulty in finding work, and his next step was to return to the East, where the next four years were spent in Jersey City, New Jersey, and New York. Coming to Perth Amboy, he spent a similar period in the same line of work, and in 1917 opened a garage on Smith street and prospered greatly from the start. In the month of May, 1919, he removed to his present location at No. 361 New Bruns­wick avenue, where the Standard Garage is now numbered among the best known and most largely patronized establishments in the neigh­borhood. The success of Mr. Jahnke has been due entirely to his ener­getic and intelligent conduct of the business he has built up, and equally to his good reputation for honesty and good service that he has won. He wholly merits the esteem and confidence of his fellow-citizens, which have been accorded him in large measure ; as he is yet a young man the notable success he has already won can be confidently counted upon as but a prophesy of a still greater achievement for the future. Mr. Jahnke has participated actively in the social and fraternal life of the community where he dwells, and is affiliated with the Order of Owls.
Fritz Jahnke was united in marriage, September 3o, 1909, in Ger­many, with Emma Schultz, a native of that country, a daughter of Emil and Emilia Schultz. Mr. and Mrs. Jahnke are the parents of one child, Vernon, born March 5, 1911.

MARTIN AMARESCU since childhood has been interested in the violin and has made a thorough study of the instrument. Upon reaching manhood he began to manufacture this musical instrument, which has resulted in his having attained considerable fame as a violin maker.
Martin Amarescu was born in Roumania, February 18, 1883, the son of John and Catherine (Whitman) Amarescu. After receiving a common school education he came to this country and located in South River, New Jersey, where he has established himself as a barber, devoting all his spare time to the manufacture of violins. Active in his business relations, with a ready courtesy and sympathy for all, he commands the esteem of the entire community. In his religious affiliations Mr. Ama­rescu is a Presbyterian ; and he is a member of the Improved Order of Red Men.
On February 8, 1906, Mr. Amarescu was united in marriage with Julia Korporetch, a native of Slavonia, her birth having occurred there, April 8, 1887. Mr. and Mrs. Amarescu are the parents of the following children: Martin, born August 10, 1907; and Mary, born February 2, 1909. Mr. Amarescu is devoted to his home and finds his greatest pleas­ure in the circle of his own fireside. The family home is on Main street, Mr. Amarescu having purchased this home in 1916.

PHILIP SISKIND.—Among the successful business men of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, there is none better deserving of mention than Philip Siskind, who in spite of difficulties and obstacles of all kinds has worked his way from the humblest of positions to the prominent place he now occupies in the community. Mr. Siskind may truly be called a self-made man in the best sense of the term, for all that he has and is has been the result of his own unswerving efforts, efforts that were continued through years when circumstances were such as to daunt most men and turn them from their objects.
Philip Siskind was born September to, 1873, in Maxtavo, near Janavo, Russia, of Jewish parents, and as a child met with the various difficulties which the ruling class in that country placed in the way of his oppressed people. His education, in both Hebrew and Russian, was obtained through the offices of private teachers, and upon completing his studies he was taken by his father into the latter's wood and lumber business. He remained in partnership with the elder man until his death two years later, and then for three years longer he conducted it by himself. He found, however, that competition with larger concerns in the same region resulted in a steady decrease of his trade, and he eventually abandoned it and secured a position with a very large concern worth a quarter of a million, engaged in the same line. He won the regard and affection of the superintendent, who personally taught him all the details of the business and imported to him all his knowledge. The young man proved an apt pupil, and in the five years during which he was connected with the concern managed by dint of the greatest industry and thrift to save up a considerable sum of money. In one of the slack seasons he returned to his home to visit his mother and there found that his eldest sister was engaged to a young man of fine character who had won the entire respect and approval of the young lady's family. She was short of funds, however, and to make up the deficiency Mr. Siskind made her a present of his hard earned savings. At the same time he deter­mined to leave his native land and journey to the United States, of the fame of which he had continually heard as a land where all men were free and equal and which, as he has himself expressed it, drew him like magic.
He set sail for the land of his desires, August t, 1893, and landed in New York harbor in due course and in good health and spirits, and was met by a cousin who displayed great friendliness and aided him in secur­ing a position. He received at first only eight dollars a month in wages, but his industry and intelligence gained him promotion, and three months later his salary had been doubled. About this time he was married, and with the assistance of his wife, he engaged in business on his own account. In this venture, however, he was unsuccessful and nine months later was obliged to close up his store, having lost his entire capital. With the most praiseworthy courage, Mr. Siskind determined to start again on the humblest scale and came to Perth Amboy, New Jersey, where he secured a temporary position at nine dollars a week. He worked at this employment for about seven months and then once more started an enterprise of his own as a dealer in clothing, which he sold on the installment plan. This time his affairs prospered and he soon became well known in the town of Perth Amboy on account of his friendly and cheerful disposition and the strict honesty with which he conducted all his transactions. On January I, 1900, he opened a store on State street and here he continued his clothing business with a marked degree of success for about eighteen months. By that time his trade had increased so greatly that he began negotiations for a larger store and soon began the construction of his present place of business at Nos. 324 and 326 State street, a modern, well equipped building, which was successfully opened in October, 1902.
It was about this time that Mr. Siskind's greatest misfortune occurred in the shape of a severe sickness which nearly proved his death. He first noticed its approach by the symptoms of great nervousness and severe colds which, as he was at that time working day and night, grew constantly worse. He consulted a number of specialists, but received no benefit, and his trouble was brought to a climax by a business trip taken in most inclement weather to Staten Island. He returned from this very ill and was carried from his carriage to his house in a state of paralysis which continued uninterruptedly for seven months. During this time the splendid devotion of his wife saved the situation as well as his life. She was indefatigable in caring for him, and at the same time attended to the store and outside business and altogether proved herself a woman of the noblest character and great resources. Mr. Siskind's condition grew steadily worse and at length, on the eve of Easter, 1903, he became so desperately ill that Mrs. Siskind had to hurry for medical aid in the emergency. She was unable to find a doctor for some time, but eventually she secured Dr. Stafford and he hurried to the bedside, only to find a man of whose life he nearly despaired. A medicine prescribed by him proved to be unobtainable, but Mr. Siskind fell into a deep sleep which continued the remainder of the night. He recalls vividly to this day that during that sleep he dreamed a curious dream in which his father appeared to him and brewed him some medicine which he drank and which brought him relief. Nevertheless, when the doctor visited him the following morn­ing he was so weak that it required electric tests to discover life and even these were for a time unavailing. Finally, however, the physician concluded that life was yet present, and a, the disease was broken, it required only great care and constant nursing from that time on to insure his recovery. That he recovered at all appears to be due about equally to Mr. Siskind's great natural strength and to the devotion of his brave wife, whose attentions never flagged. Mr. Siskind eventually went back to work, although for some time he was obliged to get about on crutches and later with a cane, but in course of time his cure was complete and today he is as well as ever. His pleasant relations with his friends and patrons were resumed, and he is undoubtedly at present one of the most popular and successful merchants of the city, enjoying a reputation for integrity and honesty second to none and reaping in full measure the results of his virtues. He is a member of Shary Telfilah Temple and order Sons of Zion, being a trustee of the former and the presiding officer of the latter. He is also a member of the Fraternal Order of Eagles and of the Order of Owls.
Philip Siskind was united in marriage, April 3, 1897, in New York City, with Rachel Weiner, a daughter of Benjamin and Tema Weiner, of that city. He and his wife are the parents of one daughter, Sarah, born February 5, 1909, in Perth Amboy, New Jersey.
Mr. Siskind has been a frequent contributor to the local newspapers, some of his articles attracting considerable attention, especially one on woman's suffrage and one predicting in 1914 a general European war. Mr. Siskind has made it his policy to please his customers, and his advice to all men is characteristic of his own cheerful and optimistic nature. To all men he says : "Be happy, do not lose confidence, never say I am lost; approach everybody with a smile; don't lose self respect; honor everybody and love your neighbor as yourself."

HARRY WOLF GREENSPAN.—Brought by his parents to the United States when a boy of six years, Mr. Greenspan, now a substantial resident of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, and established in the grocery business at No. 265 Smith street, has but a dim personal knowledge of any other land than this. He is a man of energy, has prospered through his own efforts and enterprise, and fairly won his way to success.
Harry Wolf Greenspan was born in Russia, the son of Philip and Rebecca (Uterman) Greenspan, who are both residents of New York City. Harry W. Greenspan, upon being brought to this country by his parents, attended the public schools of New York City until he was fourteen years of age, when he entered the business world in the capacity of grocery clerk in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, where he remained until he was twenty years old. He then went into business on his own account and established himself in the grocery business at No. 265 Smith street, and has continued with success in this ever since. In the affairs of the community he holds an intense interest, but has never entered politics. He is a member of the Young Men's Hebrew Associa­tion, and is also a member of the Jewish Synagogue.
Mr. Greenspan married May Spewack, September 15, 1920. In business activities and in his life as a citizen, Harry Wolf Greenspan has made himself one of the men who count in his community, and everything indicates that the years to come will bring him larger opportunities of service resulting in successes more noteworthy and more fruitful than those of the past.

TYCHO THORVALD FILSKOV.—With a number of brothers and sisters residing in Denmark, and with his mother, Agatha Filskov, still living at her home in that country, Tycho Thorvald Filskov is the only member of a large family of children to come to the United States. The father, Johannes Filskov, was the proprietor of a general store in his home town in Denmark, where he died many years ago. He and his wife were the parents of nine children : Johanne, a school teacher in Denmark; Alfred, a minister; Elisabeth; Lorenz; Johannes, president of a bank in Denmark; Christine; Axel, a steamship engineer; Tycho, the editor of a newspaper; and Tycho Thorvald, of further mention.
Tycho Thorvald Filskov received an excellent education in his native land, first in the public schools and later in the University of Copenhagen, from which he graduated when twenty-one years old. Coming to this country almost immediately after his graduation, Tycho Thorvald Fils­kov landed in New York City, in 1892, and for some time was located there. In 1894 he went to Jersey City, where he was employed with the Lehigh Valley Railroad Company, remaining with them until 1896, then, returning to New York City, he was engaged in several different engineering concerns for a number of years, eventually coming to South Amboy to accept a position with the Raritan River Railroad Company as chief engineer. This was in 1914 and two years later he was appointed superintendent of the railroad, still serving as its chief engineer. Mr. Filskov afterwards became a director of the company, and is still holding this office with them.
In addition to his business interests, Mr. Filskov is a lover of out-of-door amusements, driving his own automobile being his favorite form of recreation. He and his family are all members of the Presbyterian church.
Tycho Thorvald Filskov married, in Jersey City, New Jersey, in 1894, Marie Holm, a native of Denmark, where her father and mother were born and where they died. Mr. and Mrs. Filskov have had two children, both now living: t. Harold, born August 13, 1896, a graduate of Ste­vens Institute of Technology at Hoboken, in the class of 1918, receiving the degree of mechanical engineer; he is employed in the office of The Raritan River Railroad Company with his father, as assistant engineer. 2. Alfred, born June 11, 1898, a graduate of Stevens Institute, class of 1919; he is in the office of a consulting engineer in Newark, New Jersey. The family home is at No. 302 Main street, South Amboy.

JACOB GOLDBERGER.—In that part of Hungary now the independent State of Czecho Slovakia, Samuel Aaron Goldberger was living at the time of the birth of his son Jacob, now a successful business man of Perth Amboy, New Jersey. Samuel A. Goldberger was a merchant and a land owner in his native land, and served his years of enforced military duty in the Hungarian army, his branch the infantry. He mar­ried Jennie Klein, and later they came to the United States, he engaging in business in New York City as a merchant. After his retirement, he moved to Perth Amboy, New Jersey.
Jacob Goldberger was born December 13, 1861, in Tuchrina, Czecho Slovakia (formerly Hungary), Europe, and there passed the first sev­enteen years of his life. He was educated in private schools and advanced so rapidly that at the age of thirteen he was himself a teacher, tutoring children. At the age of sixteen he was engaged in clerical work in Miskolcz, Hungary, there continuing until August, 1878, when a flood devastated that section and swept away all his possessions. He then returned to the parental home, but not long afterward came to the United States, sailing from Hull, England, on the steamship "Queen Ann," arriving at Castle Garden in New York Harbor, November 13, 1878. His first year in New York was employed in serving a newspaper route, after which he learned a trade at which he was employed six years. Afterward he was engaged with a wholesale produce house in Hudson street, New York, until March 12, 1888 (the period of the great blizzard in New York City), when he removed to Perth Amboy, New Jersey, that city ever since having been his home.
After locating in Perth Amboy, he opened a grocery store with a foreign exchange department, at the southwest corner of High street and DeKalb avenue (the site now occupied by the Standard Underground Cable Company), his brother, Max Goldberger, being his business part­ner. For three years they continued at the original stand, then erected a three-story brick building at the corner of State and Washington streets, where they continued the same lines until 19os, when the brothers dissolved partnership and divided the business, Jacob taking the foreign exchange and steamship ticket brokerage business and continuing at the old stand, State and Washington streets. He is duly authorized to con­duct a banking business under the laws of the State of New Jersey, and successfully conducts a banking department in connection with foreign exchange and steamship tickets. He conducts a general business in the sale of steamship and railroad tickets, purchase and sale of foreign money, making remittances to all parts of the world, issuing letters of credit and travelers' checks. He is agent for all companies of the Mediterranean and Continental Conferences and negotiates a general business along these lines. He is also a director of the Perth Amboy Trust Company, and has other business interests.
In politics Mr. Goldberger is a Republican. In religion, he with his family worships with the Congregation Beth Mordecai, of which he was one of the founders, first vice-president, and now a trustee. He is affiliated with Lawrence Lodge, No. 62, Independent Order of Odd Fellows; United Hebrew Loft:; has been treasurer of the Order of Brith Abraham; director of Young Men's Hebrew Association; and member of Young Men's Christian Association. His clubs are the Progress and Republican, of Perth Amboy.
Mr. Goldberger married, in New York City, December 2, 1888, Jennie Fried, daughter of Leopold and Hannah Fried. Mr. and Mrs. Goldberger are the parents of five children: Morris L., born October t, 1889; Hannah Sarah, born December 25, 1890, married Maurice P. Rosenberg; Dorothy, born August 23, 1892, married Joseph Goodman; Bernard, born June 1896; Regina Hilda, born August 2, 1904.

SIDNEY JACOBSON, proprietor of the Hub Clothing Store, and one of the successful merchants of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, was born October to, 1890, in Russia, and is a son of Ireen and Sarah (Novo') Jacobson, who were likewise natives of that country. The elder Mr. Jacobson was engaged in the business of lumber transportation for many years, and died at his home in Russia at the age of sixty-two years. He and his wife had the following children : Nathan ; Samuel, who now resides in Perth Amboy; Leo, also of that city; Sidney, with whose career we are here concerned; Becky, who became the wife of Morris Wilkin, of Perth Amboy; Rose, who makes her home in Perth Amboy; Solomon, who also resides there. After the death of her husband, Mrs. Jacobson left Russia, came with her family of children to the United States and settled in, Perth Amboy, where she still resides.
The first thirteen years of Sidney Jacobson's life were passed in Russia, and there he gained his early education, but he was still a boy when the family removed to this country after his father's death, and when the new home was made in Perth Amboy he continued his studies, attending night school in New York City. His brother, Nathan Jacob­son, started a clothing store in the neighborhood, and the lad worked for him as a clerk for eight years, and during that time gained a very com­plete knowledge of the business. He was then offered an excellent position with the Hub Clothing Store, which he accepted. For two years he acted as manager of that thriving establishment, and on February 24, 1915, purchased the business and as its proprietor continued his personal supervision thereof. Since becoming its owner, Mr. Jacobson has more than doubled the size of the store and greatly enlarged its stock and equipment. In 1919 he purchased a store adjacent to his own and thus increased his space to a degree that was more commensurate with his developing business. Yet more recently he opened a branch estab­lishment at Nos. 84 and 86 Main street, Woodbridge, New Jersey, which has already developed a prosperous trade in that community. Mr. Jacobson has always interested himself in the general life of his adopted community, and is a member of the local branches of the Royal Arcanum and the Order of Maccabees.
Sidney Jacobson was united in marriage, October to, 1915, in Brook­lyn, New York, with Anna Finkel, a native of New York City, a daughter of Hyman and Esther Finkel, the former deceased and the latter still a resident of that place. Mr. and Mrs. Jacobson are the parents of two children, as follows : Mortimer, born November I, 1916, and Adele, born November 5, t92o. He resides at No. 150 State street, Perth Amboy.

AUGUST ROHDE.—A prominent figure in the life of Sayreville, New Jersey, is'August Rohde, who since coming to the community in 1881 has always espoused and given earnest support to all movements calculated to advance its welfare.
August Rohde was born June To, 1861, in Germany, the son of Charles and Annie (Young) Rohde. When a young man he came to Sayreville, and in 1890 purchased the Peoples' Hotel, which he has continued to manage ever since. Mr. Rohde is also owner and manager of the Arctic ice plant in New Brunswick. The success which has attended his efforts has been self-made in the truest sense of the word, the result of his own indefatigable effort and his own unfailing belief in his ability to succeed. In politics he is a staunch Democrat, and takes an active part in the affairs of the organization, serving at the present time (1920), as chairman of the township committee and president of the Board of Health. Mr. Rohde is also a director of the South River Bank. He is well known in fraternal circles, being a member of St. Stephen's Lodge, No. 63, Free and Accepted Masons; the Independent Order of Odd Fellows; and New Brunswick Lodge, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. His religious affiliations are with the Presbyterians.
On July 24, 1887, Mr. Rohde was united in marriage with Margaret Houlthausen, a native of New York City, born April 28, 1868. Mr. and Mrs. Rohde are the parents of four children: William, born December 8, 189o; Anna, born June 14, 1894; Richard, born July 21, 1896; Nina, born July 31, 1899.
GEORGE SIMON.—Automobile owners in the vicinity are becom­ing well acquainted with George Simon's garage, on New Brunswick avenue, Perth Amboy. Mr. Simon is a genial, alert man of business, and skilled in handling the automobile work. Although only comparatively recently in this line of business, he is already winning success.
Mr. Simon's father was born in Austria, and came to America when a young man. He is now a resident of Fords, New Jersey, having retired from the milk business, in which he has spent practically all his life. His wife, Annie (Ondrick) Simon, was also born in Austria-Hun­gary, and died in Fords, at the age of sixty-two years. They were the parents of seven children, all of whom are living in Perth Amboy or Fords except Lizzie. They are as follows: Mary, George, Bertha, Lizzie, Alice, Annie, Joseph.
George Simon was born in Austria-Hungary, March I, 1882. He came to America alone, in 1907, to join his father, who had made the change two years previously. Mr. Simon worked for a time as a grocery clerk, but not caring for the business obtained work on the wrecking train. This work he followed for some years, and in 1918 branched out and established a business venture of his own. This is proving a decided success, as all who see the young man in his garage at No. 567 New Brunswick avenue will acknowledge. Mr. Simon is well fitted for the work and is meeting the needs of a wide range of people.
Mr. Simon married, in Fords, New Jersey, September 14, 1902, Annie Woga, who was born in Austria-Hungary. Her rather was born and died there. Her mother was also born there; she survives him, still residing there. Mr. and Mrs. Simon are the parents of seven children, but one died in infancy. nose living are: Julius, born in 1903; John, born in i9o5 ; Alice, born in 1907; Alexander, born in 1910; Steve, born in 1913 ; and William, born in 1916. The family are members of the Greek Catholic church.

HARRY S. EISNER.—There is still alive in the world the spirit that founded in the Western Hemisphere a government where men might find independence of speech and action, and this is exemplified in Harry S. Eisner, who left Russia for America at the age of seventeen to join his brothers and sister.
Isaac Moses Eisner, father of Harry S. Eisner, was born, and is now living in Russia. He is a scholarly man and a successful school teacher. He married Sarah Trachefsky, also a Russian by birth, who died in Russia in' February, 1904, at the age of fifty-six years. They were the parents of eight children, all of whom are now living.
Harry S. Eisner was born in Russia, March 1 1, 1889. He received a thorough education• there, completing the high school course. Coming to America when seventeen, he located directly in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, and took a position in one of the factories. Knowing himself capable of better things, he took the first opportunity that offered in the business world, becoming salesman and collector for the Singer Sewing Machine Company, throughout Middlesex county. He followed this business for nine years, winning valuable experience, and by indus­try and economy accumulating a small capital. In 1916 he established a wholesale confectionery and stationery business. He had formed a wide business acquaintance, and with his natural business ability suc­cess was merely a matter of time, and the venture promised well from the start. Then came the world appeal to American manhood, and Mr. Eisner was one of the first to respond. He gave up the business into which he had put all his hopes for the future, and enlisted for the cause which demanded America's best. Fortunately he returned, and un­daunted by the first loss, he began again, under the name of the Lor­raine Sweets Company, along the same line of business. His friends look with gratification upon the promising new start. His war record, in outline, comprises his enlistment in 1918 in the United States army. He was in the service nine months, serving in the infantry at Camp Dix, then was transferred to the Emplacement Camp, Lee, Virginia. He returned on January 1, 1919, and established his present business.
Mr. Eisner is a member of the American Legion, Post No. 45 ; the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Perth Amboy Lodge, No. 784; the Young Men's Hebrew Association, the Young Men's Christian Association, and the Hebrew Progressive Association.
Mr. Eisner married, October 26, 1919, Elizabeth, daughter of Solomon and Sarah Papov. She was born in Boston, Massachusetts. Her parents now reside in Dorchester, Massachusetts. On August 18, 1920, they became the proud parents of a daughter, Bernice Roberta.
MICHAEL ZYLKA.—The life story of Michael Zylka, of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, is an interesting one which had its beginning in Galicia, Europe, more than half a century ago. He came to the United States a stranger, learned the language perfectly, absorbed American ways, and after many years of work and thrift can view with satisfaction the results he has attained. He is a prosperous undertaker of Perth Amboy, doing business in his own building, and is a substantial citizen. He is a son of John and Theodosia (Bajko) Zylka, both of whom were born, spent their lives and died in Galicia. They were the parents of ten children, Mary, Marko, and Tekla yet living in Galicia, Simon in New York City, and Michael in Perth Amboy.
Michael Zylka was born in Galicia, September 28, 1869, and there spent the years Of his minority. In 1891 he came to the United States and made his way to McKeesport, Western Pennsylvania. From there he went to Wilmerding, Pennsylvania, where he worked in the Westing­house shops for two years, also studying and mastering the English tongue without a teacher. In 1897 he came to Elizabeth, New Jersey, and three years later went with the Singer Sewing Machine Company, remaining six years. He then took up the undertaking business, studied embalming, and on April 17, 1905, opened an undertaking establishment at No. 531 State street, Perth Amboy, later moving to No. 526 State street, and in 1912, to his present location, No. 511 State street; he also owns the adjoining property, No. 513. He has a well improved plant with modern equipment. For two terms Mr. Zylka served as a member of the Perth Amboy Board of Health, and since 1911 has been a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He is a member of the Greek Catholic church, and of the Roman Catholic societies.
Mr. Zylka married, in Elizabeth, May 24, 19oo, Rose Gadek, born in Galicia, her parents both dying there before their daughter's marriage. Mr. and Mrs. Zylka are the parents of eight children: William, died aged eighteen years; John, died aged four years; Olga, now a high school student; Irene, now a grammar school student; Stephania, in grammar school; Daisy, in intermediate grade; Antone, in intermediate grade; baby, died in infancy.

JENS TOFTE HANSEN, a successful merchant of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, where he is engaged in business as a clothier and haber­dasher, is a native of Denmark. His father, Hans Hansen, was born in Denmark, and his mother, Mette Christina (Tofte) Hansen, was a native of Copenhagen. To Mr. and Mrs. Hansen were born six children : Chris­tian, deceased ; Ellen, Petrea, Carl ; Jens Tofte, of further mention ; and Johannes.Jens Tofte Hansen, son of Hans and Mette Christina (Tofte) Hansen, was born in Denmark, July 18, 1863. He obtained his education in the public schools of his native place, and then worked on his father's farm for a few years. In 1888, at the age of twenty-five years, he set sail for America, and upon landing in New York went immediately to Omaha, Nebraska, where he remained until 1890, when he came to Perth Amboy, New Jersey, and secured employment as a clerk in a local grocery store. Two years later he became clerk for Louis Briegs, clothier, and was with this firm for twelve years, but desirous of establishing in this line of business he opened a small clothing store at No. 308 State street, later moving to No. 73 Smith street, then to No. Io9 Smith street, and in 1915 came to his present location, No. 183 Smith street. It has been due exclusively to his own efforts that his business has grown to its present large proportions, and he is looked upon by his associates and fellow-citizens as a most capable business man and . substantial merchant. He is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and in religion is a Lutheran.
Mr. Hansen married (first) July 4, 1888, Methea Madsen, a native of Esbjerg, Denmark. Mrs. Hansen died in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, May 1o, 1894. To Mr. and Mrs. Hansen were born three children: Christina Tofte, wife of Frank Van Pelt, of Tottenville ; Johanna Tofte, wife of Olaf Nelsen, of Perth Amboy; Ellen Tofte, wife of Carl Carlson, of Perth Amboy. Mr. Hansen married (second) March 21, 1896, Anna Jensen, of Perth Amboy, who died June 20, 1918. Mr. and Mrs. Hansen were the parents of four children : Emmanuel, who during the World War was a member of the 29th Division of the 104th Supply Train, drove a truck for eleven months in France, and is now associated with his father in business; Peter, associated with his father; Mary, wife of Hugo Kahree, of Perth Amboy; Wesley Von Qualen, an electrician of Perth Amboy.

WILLIAM TESTA.—When a lad of fifteen, William Testa of Perth Amboy, but a native son of Italy, came to the United States and in course of time established a business in Perth Amboy. When the World War engulfed the United States in 1917, and the opportunity came for military service, he enlisted, virtually sacrificing the business he had built up so carefully and laboriously. But he served his adopted country over­seas and returned in safety, and again began the work of building up a business of his own. He has succeeded very well, made many friends and "Billy's Tire Shop" is well known, well patronized and well liked by its many patrons. He is a son of Emidas Testa, born in Italy, now living in his native land, a blacksmith by trade. Emidas Testa married Julia Grilli, yet living in Italy, and they were the parents of five children : William, of further mention; Pasqualina, living in Italy; Menica ; Sisto, a fine mechanic associated with his brother William; and Settineo, resid­ing In Italy; the children are all unmarried save William.
William Testa was born in Force, Italy, June 29, 1889, and there attended school until he was fifteen years of age, when he came to the United States, finding a home and employment in New Castle, Pennsyl­vania, where for a year he worked in a box factory, going thence to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where he spent two years with the Quaker City Rubber Company, manufacturers and dealers in rubber, engine room supplies, hose, packings, tires, etc. There he obtained his knowledge of the rubber business, and after two years in New Brunswick, New Jersey, where he gained an expert knowledge of vulcanizing and other features of the rubber business, he opened a shop under his own name in Perth Amboy. That was in 1914, and until his entrance into the United States army in 1917 he diligently applied himself to the upbuilding of the business. When he enlisted, he turned it over to others; was sent overseas with the 87th Division, American Expedition­ary Forces, and served until the armistice was signed. He returned home with an honorable discharge from the United States army, and at once resumed business at No. 148 New Brunswick avenue, Perth Amboy, his place known as "Billy's Tire Shop."
Mr. Testa is a member of the Raritan Yacht Club, and St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church. He married, August 6, 1919, in Perth Amboy, Lulu Ricci, born in Perth Amboy, daughter of Elesis Ricci, a famous sculptor of New York City, and his wife, Rosa (Lund) Ricci.

PHILLIP BORAK is among those of foreign birth who have become prominent business men in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, and he has always based his business principles and actions upon strict adherence to the rules that govern industry, and strict integrity. His enterprise and pro­gressive spirit have made him a typical American in every sense of the word, and he well deserves mention in a work treating of the business life and substantial development of this community.
Israel Borak, father of Philip Borak, was born in Russia, came to this country when a young man and settled in Perth Amboy, where for a number of years previous to his death, which occurred November 24, 1919, he carried on a successful dry goods business. He married Ida Magaram, a Russian by birth, and they were the parents of the following children : 1. Annie, who is the wife of Hyman Weeden. 2. Jennie, who is the wife of Hyman Greenspan. 3. Monte, mentioned elsewhere in this work. 4. Philip, of further mention. 5. Samuel, of further mention. 6. Bessie, unmarried, resides at home.
Philip Borak, son of Israel and Ida (Magaram) Borak, was born in Russia, in 1883, and when he was twelve years old came to this country with his mother, his brother Samuel, and his sister Bessie. Upon landing in New York they came immediately to Perth Amboy, New Jersey, where they have ever since resided. Philip Borak assisted in the support of the family, and for a time sold merchandise throughout Middlesex county. At the age of sixteen he secured work with A. Belaf­sky, with whom he remained for a time, but being a young man of serious ambition he was eager to establish himself in business, so with what little capital he had secured he started a wholesale and retail meat and produce business at the corner of Broad and Division streets, Perth Amboy, and in 19o8 moved to his present location, No. 269 Smith street, where he carries on a successful enterprise at the present time, his genius for business manifesting itself unmistakably. Mr. Borak is also interested in the real estate business and much of his time is spent along this line, his brother Samuel being most concerned in the manage­ment of the meat market. Mr. Borak joined Raritan Lodge, No. 61, Free and Accepted Masons, in 1914. Since then he has also become affiliated with Chapter, No. 41, Royal Arch Masons; Council, Royal and Select Masters; Commandery, Knights Templar; Valley of Jersey City Con­sistory, Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite; and the Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He is also a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and of the Independent Order of Brith Abraham.
Mr. Borak married, February 6, 1910, Jennie Tierstein, a native of Brooklyn, New York, and they have two children : Sylvia, born January 14, 1911; Regina, born August 21, 1917.
With his aptness and adaptability, Phillip Borak has placed himself among the representative business men of the community, and his repu­tation as a man of talent and integrity has already gone abroad, he being considered a leader among the younger generation of business men today in and around Perth Amboy.
Samuel Borak, son of Israel and Ida (Magaram) Borak, was born in Russia, December II, 1889. He came to this country with his mother, brother and sister, when he was but seven years of age. After receiving an education in the public schools in Perth Amboy, he became associated with his brother Phillip in the wholesale and retail meat business. He is prominent in Masonic circles, having attained to the thirty-second degree, is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and was one of the organizers of the Young Men's Hebrew Association of Perth Amboy. He married Molly Florence Roth, a native of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, and they have one child, Helen Sarah, born March 23, 1918.

LOUIS BRIEGS, at the age of fourteen, alone and without friends, came from his home in Germany to seek his fortune in a strange land among a strange people. This was in 1866, and fourteen years later (1880) he made Perth Amboy, New Jersey, his home and business head­quarters. Eight years later he erected the building which he now occu­pies with his tailoring establishment, the largest in Middlesex county. Louis Briegs is a son of Karl Briegs, who lived and died in Germany, a tailor, as was his father and grandfather for several generations. Karl Briegs married Theresa Ingber, who also lived and died in Germany. They were the parents of three children : Bernhardt, who died during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870; Louis, of further mention; Ida, now widow of A. Sutter, who resides in Brooklyn, with three children. •
Louis Briegs was born in Germany, November 29, 1848, now, at the age of seventy-two, is an honored resident and merchant of Perth Amboy, New Jersey. He remained in his native land until 1862, then came to the United States, finding a home in Brooklyn, New York, with his uncle, Julius Briegs. There he learned the tailor's trade and for six years followed that occupation in Brooklyn, New York, prior to moving to Keyport, New Jersey, where he was employed as cutter in a clothing factory, and in 1874 he started in business for himself in partnership with L. Conover. In 188o he located in Perth Amboy and opened a tailoring establishment, which has grown to vast proportions under his manage­ment during the forty years that the Briegs establishment has been a Perth Amboy institution. His present residence, located at No. 89 Market street, was erected by Louis Briegs in i9oo. In political faith Mr. Briegs is a Republican, his religious belief Presbyterian. He is a member of the New Jersey Club, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Free and Accepted Masons, a Knight Templar and Shriner, Knights of Pythias, and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks.
Mr. Briegs married, in Perth Amboy, April 15, 1882, Rosa Hauser, born in Jersey City, daughter of Frederick and Rosina Hauser. Mr. and Mrs. Briegs are the parents of two sons: Fred A., and Harold, both born in Perth Amboy.

JACOB ASTRIN, proprietor of the large wholesale tobacco and confectionery business at No. 221 New Brunswick avenue, Perth Amboy, and a prominent citizen of the community, is a native of Russia, born in the town of Semiovonka, December 27, 1887, a son of Nathan and Rhoda (Yahudin) Astrin, old and esteemed residents of that place. The elder Mr. Astrin passed his entire life in Russia, and was engaged in the grocery business in Semiovonka, his death occurring there when his son Jacob was a youth. He and his wife became the parents of seven children, two of whom are deceased. Of the five now living, three daughters, Fannie, Helen and Lena, reside in Russia, while the two sons, Jacob and an elder brother David, make their home in this country.
After the father's death Jacob Astrin, then nineteen years of age, came with his mother and brother David to the United States, the latter taking up his abode in Bayonne, New Jersey, where he is now engaged in the real estate business. Mrs. Astrin and Jacob, however, came to Perth Amboy, where the youth attended school for a time in order to complete his education begun in Russia, and then secured a position in the handkerchief factory of H. Rosenthal & Company of Perth Amboy. He worked for one year with this concern and learned the details of the industry, but being of a strongly independent and enterprising turn of mind, he then gave up his position, determined to engage in business on his own account. Mr. Astrin was only twenty-one years of age when he established his present industrial enterprise, his place of business be­ing located on Fayette street, but in spite of his youth he displayed marked ability as an organizer and business man and his venture prospered highly. In 1917 Mr. Astrin removed to his present establishment at No. 221 New Brunswick avenue and there the business has continued to increase until it is now one of the important industrial enterprises of Perth Amboy and carries on a large trade in this locality. Its success has been wholly due to the capable management of Mr. Astrin who has devoted himself to its development with industry and zeal. He is a man who is not afraid of work and well earns the respect and confidence he has won in the community, where he is justly known as a self-made man. Taking a keen interest in the general welfare of the city, Mr. Astrin prefers to remain independent in politics instead of affiliating himself with any political party, but is a member of four fraternal organizations, namely, the Order of Owls, Brith Abraham, Zionists and Independents. He attends Shaary Tfilloh Synagogue, and is an active and respected member of the congregation.
Jacob Astrin was united in marriage, February 4, 1912, in Perth Amboy, with Rebecca Treegoob, like himself a native of Russia, born in a daughter of Wolf and Martha Flora (Mazer) Treegoob. Mrs. Astrin came with her parents to the United States as a child and resided with them up to the time of her marriage in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in which city they still make their home.

MAX ZUCKER, of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, was born in Austria, May 24, 1884. His father, Arthur E. Zucker, was born in Austria, there lived and there died in 19o4, aged fifty-eight years, a wholesale flour and feed dealer. His mother, Pearl Zucker, died when her son Max was two years of age. They were the parents of seven children : Rose, wife of N. Lenz, of Passaic, New Jersey; Bessie, wife of I. Landau, of Passaic; Morris, died in Newark, leaving a family; Isidore, residing in Passaic; Emil, residing in Newark; Samuel, residing in Pawtucket, Rhode Island; and Max, of further mention.
Max Zucker spent the first fourteen years of his life in Austria. He then came to the United States, unaccompanied by others of his family, and found a home in Newark, New Jersey. For two years he was em­ployed in a wholesale store in Newark and during that time he attended public night schools. He then established in business in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, at the corner of State and Commerce streets, and in 1904 moved to No. 223 Smith street. In 1919 he moved to his present resi­dence, No. 125 Kearny avenue. He is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Young Men's Christian Association, and of the congregation Beth Mordecai.
Max Zucker married, in Perth Amboy, May 26, 1906, Henrietta Spitzer, born in New York City, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. David Spitzer, of Perth Amboy. Mr. and Mrs. Zucker are the parents of a son, Arthur, born September to, 1908.

GUSTAVUS GUNTHER, when a boy of six years, was brought from Germany to the United States by his parents, Frederick and Pauline (Fischer) Gunther, and during the seventy years which have since inter­vened Middlesex county, New Jersey, has been his home. He was still a minor when in 1862 he enlisted in the Union army, and he has never since failed in loyalty to the land which received him as a child and gave him the opportunity to develop his manhood. When Frederick Gunther with his family came to the United States in 1850, he settled in Middle­sex county, New Jersey, and became the owner of a farm near Metuchen, upon which he resided until his death. That farm has never passed out of the family and is now owned by Henry Gunther, a son of Frederick Gunther, the original Gunther owner. In Germany, Frederick Gunther was n cashier in the government postoffice.
Gustavus Gunther was born in Germany, March 7, 1844, and there his first six years were passed. He attended the public schools in the vicinity of his father's farm near Metuchen. He early became his father's farm assistant, and when the time came to choose an occupation for himeslf he decided to continue a farmer. The outbreak of the Civil War in 1861 stirred his ardor, and in 1862, at the age of eighteen years, he enlisted in the Union army for one year. He served out his term of enlistment, was honorably discharged at its expiration, and returned to the farm. There he lived the quiet, contented life of a farmer, prospered, and reared a family. Finally the years grew heavy, and in 192o he sold his farm and is residing with his son on Magnolia street, Highland Park. He is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, an inde­pendent in politics, and a member of the Reformed church.
Mr. Gunther married, in Stelton, New Jersey, November 20, 1880, Sarah E. Langstaff, born August 28, 1846, daughter of Augustus A. and Rebecca (Fitz Randolph) Langstaff, her father a farmer. Mr. and Mrs. Gunther have three children: Laura, married William Christ; Charles R.) married Tillie Everett, six children; Juliet, married Albert Lewis, two children.

LEONARD ZAREMBA.—Coming to America, a stranger in a strange land, at the age of fourteen years, Leonard Zaremba has risen from the foot of the ladder and become one of the substantial citizens of Perth Amboy.
John Zaremba, father of Leonard Zaremba, was born in Slovakia, but now lives in Perth Amboy, having retired from active work. His mother, Mary (Stas) Zaremba, was also born in Slovakia; she died March 22, 1915, in Perth Amboy, at the advanced age of seventy-eight years. They were the parents of six children, of whom• four are living : John, who lives in Plainfield, New Jersey; Frank, a resident of Perth Amboy; Tessie, who is the wife of Steve Romanec, of Perth Amboy; and Leonard, of whom further.
Leonard Zaremba, son of John and Mary (Stas) Zaremba, was born in Slovakia, February 6, 1878. He lived there until fourteen years of age, and attended school, then came to America with his father, mother, and sister Tessie. The family came direct to Perth Amboy, where the boy obtained work as a water boy with the Valentine Brick Company. He remained in their employ for eleven months, then for three years worked around at different shops in Perth Amboy, most of that time with the Staten Island Terra Cotta Company, then went to the American Smelting and Refining Company. He was first an ordinary workman for about two years, then was made weigher, and finally scale tester. He remained with this company until 1905, but since then has been hi business for himself. Since 1905 his home has been at No. 362 Imslee street.
Mr. Zaremba has long been a citizen of his adopted country, and votes the Republican ticket. He is fond of all outdoor sports, and indulges in a fishing trip when occasional opportunity offers.
Mr. Zaremba married, on April 23, 1901, Anna Danielak, who was born in Slovakia, March 23, 1880. She came to New York City with two sisters when quite young, and lived there until 1901, when she came to Perth Amboy. Both her parents died in Slovakia. Mr. and Mrs. Za­remba are the parents of five children : Leonard, Jr., born August 7, 1904; Joseph, born August 4, 1906, died November is, 1907; Anna R., born November 1, 1908; Olga, born September 25, 1913, died April 2, 1917; and Albert John, born May 13, 1920. The family are devout members of the Roman Catholic church.

SAMUEL HYMAN SIEGEL, D. D. S.—Filled with ambitious ideas of the future and with a determination to make use of the many oppor­tunities held out to the immigrant who desires to improve himself, Samuel Hyman Siegel arrived in the United States, May 20, 1904, a lonely lad who had left home and kindred to seek his fortune in the New World, so full of promise.
Samuel H. Siegel was born in Wilkowischky, Russia, now Lithuania, April 25, 1885. His parents, Kasriel and Mary Siegel, who are the par­ents of two other sons, one of whom, Maurice Siegel, is a practicing dentist in New Jersey, and three daughters, two of whom are living in Brooklyn, New York, attd the oldest in South Africa, were occupied with gardening and farming in Wilkowischky. The income from this not being sufficient for the upkeep of the family, Samuel H., the second in order of birth of the children (his sister Sara being the oldest), at the age of twelve, secured work after school hours in a girls' Hebrew school as assistant teacher, the money thus earned being spent partly to pay for his clothes, the remainder being contributed to the family purse. He graduated from a Russian public and high school, and also received a thorough knowledge in Hebrew and Talmud, and a good knowledge of the German language and its literature, teaching both Hebrew and Ger­man in the school above mentioned. After taking up his residence in this country, he became a naturalized citizen, and acquired the English language by attendance at the public evening school. He then entered the Baron De Hirsch Trade School, for a two years' course in electricity, from which he graduated, and then worked as an electrician, preparing himself after working hours for matriculation in college. After a short period of time he passed the Regents' examination, equivalent to a high school education, and entered the New York College of Dentistry, where he passed all three years with honor, and graduated in 1911. He at once applied for and obtained from the State Board of Dentistry licenses to enable him to practice his profession in both New York and New Jersey. At the time of his study at the New York College of Dentistry, he was assisting in the publication of a Jewish monthly called "'The Future." He was also one of the organizers of the Hebrew Dramatic League in New York City, from which league developed many known Jewish actors on the Jewish and English stage: he was very active therein, and participated in performances during the first years of its existence.
Dr. Siegel engaged actively in the practice of his profession in Brook­lyn, New York, from the time of his graduation until September, 1917, when he removed to New Brunswick, New Jersey, where he opened an office at No. 119 Albany street, corner of George street, remaining there up to the present time (1920). He is a surgeon dentist, is thor­oughly equipped in office appointments, progressive and up-to-date in everything pertaining to his profession, and is in receipt of a large and constantly increasing clientele. In addition to his professional duties, he is interested in financial affairs, and is connected with the National Bank of New Brunswick and with the New Brunswick Trust Company. He has also contributed various articles on dental topics to dental mag­azines, namely : "The Dental Digest" and "The Dental Outlook," which have been read with great interest, also the "Dental Cosmos." Dr. Siegel is a member of the Hebrew Synagogue, the Allied Dental Soci­eties of New York, the Improved Order of Red Men, and the Workmen Circle.
Dr. Siegel married, in Brooklyn, New York, December 12, 191o, Yetta Abrams, born in Russia, and they are the parents of three chil­dren: Vivian, born August 3, 1914; Alma, born July 21, 1917; and Eleanor, born September 7, 1918. They reside at No. ITS First avenue, Highland Park, the property being purchased by Dr. Siegel in March, 1920.

JOSEPH GREINER, who owns and conducts the handsome barber shop at No. i85A Smith Street, Perth Amboy, is one of those solid, practical Americans who are Americans by choice rather than by the accident of circumstance.
His aged father, now eighty years old, was born in Bavaria, and later removed to Alsace. He was a farmer all his life, and several years ago retired to a well earned and much needed rest. During the recent war, however, he was compelled to work for two brothers. He still lives in Alsace. .He married Katherine Thomann, and they were the parents of fourteen children, of whom three now live in America : Peter, a barber, of Woodbridge, New Jersey; Joseph, of whom further mention follows; and Louise, who lives in Brooklyn, New York, and is the wife of William Wengatz. The mother is still living and in good health at the age of seventy-nine.
Joseph Greiner was born March 9, 1869, in Dornach, Alsace, now Dornach-Mulhouse. He remained at home until nineteen years of age, receiving a good education. Striking out for himself at that age, he went to France, where he lived for two years, following the trade of barber. The appeal of the New World struck him with great force, and others of the younger members of his family shared his enthusiasm. So with two brothers, Louis and Eugene, and a sister, Katherine, he came to America. At first they all located in Woodbridge, New Jersey, where Joseph remained for eighteen months, working at his trade. On July 5. 1892, he removed to Perth Amboy and opened a barber shop at No. 209 Smith street. He remained at this location for seven years, wining the confidence and respect of the members of the best families of the city. He next removed to No. 175 Smith street, where he remained for sixteen years. In 1916 he removed to his present fine location at No. 185A Smith street, and now has a splendidly equipped shop, with six chairs, which is conceded to be the best patronized barber shop in Middle­sex county. On the side, he has charge of the building in which his place of business is located, acting as agent. Outside the business world, Mr. Greiner has varied interests. He is a member of the Royal Arcanum, the Knights of the Golden Eagle, and the Improved Order of Red Men. He is a Republican in political affiliation.
Mr. Greiner married (first) Emma Josephine Hirner, who was born in the famous old city of Stuttgart, Germany ; she died May 4, 1912, in Perth Amboy, New Jersey. Their children are : Emma Josephine, born October 20, 1893, wife of Ira L. Crouse; Sophie Katherine, born August 13, 1895 ; Lillian Pauline, born August 17, 1897, now the wife of Harold Gordon Lawton, of Morristown, New Jersey ; Joseph Nicholas, born May 21, 1902 ; and Sarah Catherine, born October I I, 1910. Mr. Greiner married (second) Mary Cremer, who was born in Cologne.

WILLIAM G. PRILL.—The Prills came to Middlesex county in 1886 and located in South River, where Frederick Prill, father of William G. Prill, was employed as a brickmaker until 1920, when he retired and moved to Milltown, where he now resides. His wife, Julia (Seaman) Prill, died in Milltown, New Jersey, February 12, 1912.
William G. Prill was born in Germany, December 3, 1881, and there spent his early childhood, the family coming to South River, New Jersey, in 1886. He attended public schools, and early learned the confec­tioner's trade with an expert candy maker of Plainfield, New Jersey. He opened his own candy store in South River in 1899, he then being but eighteen years of age. He operated that store successfully until 1910, then moved to Milltown and there opened. a confectionery store for the sale of the candies and sweets which he manufactured in his own plant. He is succeeding in his business undertaking and is one of the prosper­ous merchants of his town. He has an expert knowledge of the manu­facturing department of his business, also a fine business judgment which never fails him. His store is at No. 452 Main street, Milltown, New Jersey.
SOL RUBENSTEIN.—This branch of a well known family came to the United States from Poland, Europe, where both Isaac and Amelia (Freyer) Rubenstein, parents of Sol Rubenstein, of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, were both born. They were married in Poland and there lived until 1866, when they came to the United States, landing in New York City. There Isaac Rubenstein conducted a dry goods business until 1891, when he moved to Perth Amboy, New Jersey, there continuing in business until his retirement, when he returned to New York City, his present home (1921). His wife died in New York, October 4, 1886, ak ed forty-two, the mother of five children, as follows : Samson, engaged in the printing and stationery business in New York City; •iattie, wife of Emanuel Goldberg, of New York City; Jennie, wife of M. Roseman, of New York City; Sol, of further mention ; Flora, wife of M. Seamon, of Elmira, New York.
Sol Rubenstein was born in New York City, July 22, 1872, and until sixteen years of age attended the public schools. In 1888 he became his father's assistant in the dry goods business, and for five years continued under his capable father's business training. In 1892 they came to Perth Amboy, New Jersey, and established a store at No. 99 Smith street for the sale of gentlemen's furnishing goods, trading under the firm name, Isaac Rubenstein. In 1895 they moved the business to State street, where for seven years the business was successfully conducted under the same firm name. In 1902 Isaac Rubenstein retired and returned to New York City, and Sol Rubenstein opened a store under his own name at No. 77 Smith street. In 1907 he moved his business to its present loca­tion, No. 135 Smith street, where he conducts a prosperous business in gentlemen's furnishing goods exclusively, his the largest store of its kind in the city. He is a director of the Perth Amboy Building and Loan Association, member of the Masonic order, the Benevolent and Protec­tive Order of Elks, Young Men's Christian Association, Beth Mordecai Congregation, and is treasurer of the Progress Club. He is a man well and favorably known among his townsmen and ranks with the efficient business men who arc upholding the business integrity and fame of Perth Amboy.
Mr. Rubenstein married, in Perth Amboy, Adele Stricker, born in Bohemia, Europe, daughter of Marcus and Barbara Stricker, her parents both deceased, and sister of Joseph E. Stricker, prosecuting attorney of Middlesex county, New Jersey.

ABRAHAM SISKIND, upon arriving at legal age, left his home and native Russia to come to the United States, the land of freedom and promise. Sixteen years have since elapsed and he has so well improved the advantages offered that he is one of the prosperous merchants of Perth Amboy, New Jersey. He is a son of Nathan Siskind, who died in Mackstowe, Russia, having there spent his entire seventy years of life, and there his widow yet lives, aged sixty-eight. He was engaged in the lumber business all his active years. They were the parents of seven children, of whom Abraham and Rosa (Mrs. J. Samach, of New York City) are in the United States; Sarah (Mrs. Gilbert), is in Lon­don, England; the others are living in Russia.
Abraham Siskind was born in Mackstowe, Russia, July 25, 1873, and there grew to man's estate. After his school years he began working with his father in the lumber business, continuing until 1904 when, having gained his majority, he came to the United States, making the long journey and voyage alone. He came direct to Perth Amboy, New Jersey; but later went as far West as Chicago, Illinois, where for eight months he was in the employ of his uncle, a junk dealer. The young man then returned to Perth Amboy and established an installment business under his own name. He dealt in wearing apparel and was quite successful, continuing until 1911, when he opened his present store at No. 310 State street. There he carries a full line of ladies' and children's wearing apparel, and caters to a large trade, his business having steadily increased in volume from its opening in 1911. He is a member of Zion­ists Church and congregation, and of the Hebrew Progressive Asso­ciation.
Mr. Siskind married, in New York City, April 25, 1906, Lena Siskind, also born in Mackstowe, Russia, and of the same family. Her parents were land holders in Russia, and there both died. Mr. and Mrs. Siskind are the parents of three children, all born in Perth Amboy, New Jersey : Anna, born March 29, 1907; Eleanor, born February 27, 1911; Nathan, born February 17, 1914.

FRANK BECZA.—The oldest hotel in Milltown, is the Middlesex Hotel on Main street, its proprietor for the last six years having been Frank Becza, who purchased the place in 1914, running it very success­fully, assisted by his wife. Mr. Becza's death having occurred in the early part of 1920, his widow became the owner and proprietress and is carrying on the business equally well. The parents of Frank Becza were George and Mary (Simon) Becza, both born in Austria. The father was a farmer, and brought up his son to assist on the farm.
Frank Becza was born in Austria, September 24, 1872, and died in Milltown, April 13, 1920. During his childhood in Austria he received the customary education given in the common schools there. After coming to this country he entered into the hotel business and was engaged in it at the time of his death. Lodges and clubs did not interest Mr. Becza, but he was an upholder of the principles of the Republican party, and was a mem& r e; the Roman Catholic church, as are also his wife and children. Mr. Becza was also connected with the Milltown National Bank.
Frank Becza was married in South River, New Jersey, November 15, 1899, to Mary Sentill, born in Austria, August 18, 1878. Her parents were John and Teresa (Budnar) Sentill, both being Austrians by birth. Of this marriage fiirr children, all natives of Milltown, were born: Marie, born October 27, 19o0; Emma, born April 5, 19o4; Julius, born, March 4, 1906; Ella, born August 8, 19i i ; Steven, born November 14, 1913.
MARTIN BARTOS was born in Bohemia, August 15, 1867. He received his education in that country, remaining there until fifteen years of age.
Martin Banos, father of our subject, was born in Bohemia, and died there when the boy was only nine years old. His mother came to America, leaving him with friends in his native land; he joined her later. The elder Martin was a skillful tailor, and also acted as sexton for a Roman Catholic church for twenty-nine years. He died at the age of forty-five. He married Frances Parik, who was born in Bohemia, December 24, 1827, and died in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, August 6, 1915. They had seven children: Emily, who died in Brooklyn, New York, at the age of fifty years; Frances, the wife of Anton Jiranek, of Brooklyn ; Antonia, a widow, who resides at Perth Amboy ; Sophia, Emily, and Annie, all of whom died in infancy ; and Martin, of further mention.
Martin Bartos learned the tailor's trade, which his father had fol­lowed, in Bohemia, but upon arriving in America he became a cigar-maker. This trade he followed for six years, then came to Perth Amboy and joined his brother-in-law in the liquor business, their location being at No. 299 New Brunswick avenue.
Mr. Bartos' favorite recreations arc hunting and fishing, and he takes a three days' hunting trip every season. He is a member of the Benevo­lent and Protective Order of Elks; and of the Foresters of America, belonging to a New York City lodge.
Mr. Bartos marred Mary Zatloukal, who was born in Moravia. Their son, Joseph, was born in Perth Amboy, and now conducts an express business in that city. He was with the American Expeditionary Forces in France during the recent World War.

ABRAHAM ONIKELSKY, one of the principal wholesale produce merchants in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, was born in Poland, November 14, 187o.
Jacob Onikelsky, father of Abraham Onikelsky, was born in Poland, and came to America when a very young man, coming direct to Trenton, New Jersey, where he remained during his lifetime. He was a jewelry merchant all his life, and a highly-respected citizen. He died in 19o3, at the age of fifty-two years. His wife, Ida, survives him, still living in Trenton, at the age of seventy years. They were the parents of six children, all of whom are living: Abraham, of further mention ; Harry, Samuel, Isaac, Morris, and Fannie. All are in business.
Abraham Onikelsky lived in Poland until he was thirteen years old, receiving his education there. Coming to America at that age, he at once went to Trenton, remaining there until 1906, and being engaged in the produce business. In 1906 he sold his store at Trenton, and coming to Perth Amboy, embarked in the wholesale produce business. Possessed of excellent judgment and good business ability, Mr. Onikelsky has made a marked success in his chosen line, and handles a large share of the wholesale produce business in this vicinity.
In political convictions, Mr. Onikelsky is a Democrat. He is a mem­ber of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and of the Foresters of America. He is interested in all public affairs, and does all in his power to forward any cause which advances the public good.
Mr. Onikelsky married, ,in November, 1891, in Trenton, Bessie Fishtel, who was born in Poland, and came to America with her mother when very young to join her father who had just preceded them. Mrs. Onikelsky is a daughter of the late Max Fishtel, of Trenton, who became very wealthy before he died.
Mr. and Mrs. Onikelsky are the parents of seven children, all living: Solomon R., who is proprietor of the Madison Hotel in Perth Amboy, and is also the proprietor of two very successful motion picture theatres in South Amboy and South River ; David, who is associated with his father in business ; Serena, the wife of Harry Robinson, of Trenton; Isadore, in the wholesale produce business in Perth Amboy; Ethel, living at home; Samuel, a graduate of the Perth Amboy High School, in the class of 1919; and Julia, living at home. The family are devoted attendants of the Synagogue.

JOHN RYMSHA.—All honorable success is based upon a definite aim 'in life and the persistency of purpose which enables one to perse­vere in a given course regardless of difficulties, obstacles and discour­agements. There are many self-made men in America whose life record proves this fact, and among them is John Rymsha, president of Rymsha & Company, Incorporated, dealers in coal, wood and ice, with office and yard at No. 989 State street, Perth Amboy, New Jersey.
John Rymsha is a son of John and Louisa Rymsha, his father for many years a farmer in Poland. To Mr. and Mrs. Rymsha were born ten children, of which number only four are living: Michael, still resides in Poland; Simon, a resident of Poland; Julia, wife of Peter Cheraskawick, of Freeland, Pennsylvania; John, the youngest child, of further mention.
John Rymsha was born in Poland, July, 1869, and attended the schools of his native place until he was twelve years of age, when he set sail for America, and upon landing in New York City went imme­diately to Hazelton, Pennsylvania, where he worked in the mines for a short time, subsequently becoming clerk in a grocery store in Freeland, Pennsylvania. In May, 1897, he came to Perth Amboy, New Jersey, and secured employment in Goldberger Brothers' Grocery Store, remaining with this concern for three years, then holding different positions with different concerns. In 1913 he established himself in the ice business in Woodbridge, but after a year and one-half he returned to Perth Amboy and transferred the business to its present location at No. 989 State street, where he also deals in coal and wood under the firm name of Rymsha & Company, Incorporated. Hand and hand with the devel­opment of this profitable business, Mr. Rymsha is carrying along plans for its perpetuation, and two of his sons are being trained in its every detail. The success which has come to him has been fairly earned and achieved through his own force of character, perseverance, indomitable will and business genius. He affiliates with the Benevolent and Protec­tive Order of Elks, Independent Order of Foresters of America, and the Improved Order of Red Men. His hobby for a number of years .was fishing, but it is now chicken raising.
On May 6, 1896, Mr. Rymsha was united in marriage with Johanna Spier, a native of Eckley, Pennsylvania, and the daughter of the late Vincent and Marcella (Turezin) Spier, the latter a resident of Freeland, Pennsylvania. Mr. and Mrs. Rymsha are the parents of three children : Alvin J., born March 29, 1897, now associated with his father in business; Leon, born May 6, 1903, associated with his father; Bernard Vincent, horn June 22, 19o5, a student in the public schools of Perth Amboy. The family home is in Sewaren, New Jersey.

ANTON MASSOPUST.—There is always particular interest attaching to the life of a man who has turned the tide of success and has shown his ability to cope with others in the daily struggle to reach the coveted goal. It is not necessary that the man who achieves this success be made of sterner material than his fellowmen, but there are certain indispensible characteristics that contribute to the prosperity of the individual; these are: enterprise, determination, and the ability to recognize and improve opportunities. These qualities are elements in the character of Anton Massopust, of the firm of Massopust Brothers & Company, real estate dealers, at No. 692 State street, Perth Amboy, New Jersey.
Joseph Massopust, father of Anton Massopust, was born in Austria, and died in Perth Amboy in r906 at the age of sixty-nine years. He came with his family to this country in 1885, from which time until his death he resided in Perth Amboy, engaged in the wine business. He mar­ried Barbara Preissler, an Austrian by birth, and they were the parents of eleven children, of whom the following are residents of this city: Joseph; William; Anton, mentioned below; and Mary, now the wife of A. Sieboth. Mrs. Massopust passed away in 1892, aged fifty-five years.
Anton Massopust, son of Joseph and Barbara (Preissler) Massopust, was born in Austria, November 1, 1874, and when he was eleven years old he was brought by his parents to the United States. Upon landing in this country, they came to Perth Amboy, and the lad further pursued his studies in the public schools of the city until i889, when at the age of fifteen he entered into active life, his first employment being in a brick factory. His next position was as clerk in a grocery store, where he remained for two years. Mr. Massopust was a young man of great ambition and did not find himself content while employed by other men, continually desiring to embark on an enterprise of his own, and this he found possible in 1905, when he organized the real estate firm of Massopust Brothers & Company, at No. 692 State street, Perth Amboy. In manner quiet, but forceful, his close application to business has been his dominant trait, the result of the organization being largely due to his tenacity of purpose and rare energy. Besides holding the office of president of the Massopust Realty Company, Mr. Massopust is director of the Raritan Trust Company, and the North Amboy Build­ing and Loan Association, his thorough business qualifications being recognized and in great demand on boards of directors.
He ever manifests that lively interest in everything relating to the public welfare, and his adherence to principle is inflexible and unwaver­ing, his readiness to take the initiative being strikingly shown when he came forward but a youth to begin his career in the business arena. Mr. Massopust is a member of St. Mary's Catholic Church, and affiliates with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He was united in marriage with Mary Wabersich, October to, 1908.

HERMAN ELLIS.—Working his way up by indefatigable industry and genuine worth, Herman Ellis, of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, has risen in the business world from a peddler's cart to a position of dignity, commanding the respect of all with whom he comes in contact.
Herman Ellis was born in Russia, in 1865. His father, Daniel Ellis, was born in Russia, and there died; he was in the metal business. His mother, Judith, was also a native of Russia. They were the parents of twelve children, only two of whom are now living: Herman, of further mention ; and Rosie, wife of H. Fingard, of Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Mr. Ellis came to this country at the age of twenty-eight years, and located in New York City. He began at the foot of the ladder, starting with a peddler's cart. But the young man was ambitious; his goal was nothing short of success. He was handicapped at first with lack of familiarity with the language and customs of the people with whom he dealt, but with never-failing courtesy, and strict honesty, he won friends and a footing in the business world. He worked for six years in New York City, then came to Perth Amboy. Here he continued reddling, but not being content to stay down, he gradually handled more and more business, and by economy, industry and foresight, he accumulated considerable capital. Then, nineteen years ago, he took up the whole­sale iron and metal business and also real estate. Since that time he has forged rapidly forward to success, and now conducts the largest business in his line in Middlesex county.
But Mr. Ellis is not wholly the business man. Winning his own way, he has not forgotten to lend a hand to other men who are still struggling. He makes a special point of looking out for his countrymen when they come to our shores, and helping them, not only to financial independence, but to a true understanding of American principles and ideals. He is a member of every Jewish society and lodge in the city, and is particularly active in the work of such societies as carry out his individual idea of helpfulness and charity. He is also a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and of the Woodmen of the World. He served one term as health commissioner, and is a director of the South Amboy Trust Company, and the Matawan Bank.
Mr. Ellis married Freida Kravitz, and they are the parents of three children, all living: Sophia, wife of Leo Feldman, of Perth Amboy ; Bessie, wife of Harry Marks, of New Brunswick, New Jersey; and Sadie, who resides at home. The family are devout attendants upon the rites of the synagogue.

MONTE BORAK--A man of merit, who owes his position in business circles and public life mainly to his own efforts, and whose career is certainly worthy of biographic honors, is Monte Borak, owner and manager of a department store which is located at No. 275 Smith street, Perth Amboy, New Jersey.
Monte Borak, son of Israel T. and Ida (Magaram) Borak, was born in Russia, January 21, 1881, and attended the public schools of his native place until he was fourteen years of age, when he emigrated to this country, and immediately commenced selling merchandise throughout Middlesex county, working in this capacity for three years. He then entered a brass factory in New York City, and at the end of one year, opened a restaurant in Long.Branch, later returning to Perth Amboy and accepting the position of manager of Wedeen's Department Store, where he remained for fifteen years. On February 16, 1918, Mr. Borak left this concern and started to supply factories with general merchandise, open­ing his present store at No. ns Smith street, May 21, 1919. Mr. Borak is in the best sense of the term "a self-made man." Beginning when but a youth in a strange city, he has made his way up the ladder of success to the present position which he holds today, which is that of a sub­stantial citizen of the community. Mr. Borak and his brothers are con­nected with the real estate business in Perth Amboy to a large extent. He is also in the importing and exporting business with South American countries, and contemplates making a trip to South America to complete arrangements; he will open an office in New York City at No. 104 East Seventeenth street.
Mr. Borak is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Young Men's Hebrew Association, and a few other orders. What time he can spare from his ever-increasing business demands he spends much of in the open, being particularly fond of fishing and auto­mobiling.
Monte Borak married, May 7, 1901, Lizzie Charnes, a native of Russia, and daughter of the late Herman and Annie Charnes, of Lake­wood, New Jersey. Mr. and Mrs. Borak are the parents of two children : Hyman, born August 17, 1902; and Mollie, born January 6, 1909.
The years that Mr. Borak has spent in Perth Amboy have been years of arduous devotion to promoting his business interests, and as a man whose business capacity is of the highest order, he stands as a valued citizen, using his talents and his opportunities to the utmost to promote the welfare of his adopted city.

LOUIS PAVLOVSKY, one of the most successful merchants of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, where he is the proprietor of a very large and prosperous meat market and an influential citizen of the community, is a native of Russia, his birth occurring in that country in the village of Zmerinka, in the year 1883.
Louis Pavlovsky is a son of Peter R. and Bessie (Flushman) Pav­lovsky, also natives of Russia. The elder Mr. Pavlovsky came to the United States as a young man, and after residing at West Hoboken, New Jersey, for some time, came to Middlesex county and settled at Perth Amboy. Here he established himself in the butcher business, opening a store at No. 359 State street, but is now living retired from active life at the age of sixty years, contenting himself with caring for his personal holdings in real estate, which are considerable. He and his wife are the parents of three children, as follows: Louis, of further mention ; Ida, who became the wife of Henry E. Jacobs, of Brooklyn, New York, where he is engaged in the drug business, and to whom she has borne three children; and Abraham, who resides at Perth Amboy.
Louis Pavlovsky passed the years of his childhood in his native land, and it was there that he received the elementary portion of his education, attending for that purpose the local schools. He was thirteen years of age when he accompanied his parents and the other children on their long journey from Russia to the United States, and after arriving in this country, lived for a year at West Hoboken, New Jersey. There he continued his education at the public schools, but when fourteen years old, he and the whole family removed to Perth Amboy, where they have continued to reside ever since. When his father opened the old meat market, at No. 359 State street, the lad began to work there, and served a sort of apprenticeship, in which he learned the details of the business. The establishment was continued at its original location for twenty-three years and was then moved to its present location at No. 316 State street, where it has remained ever since, a period of fifteen years. After the retirement of the elder Mr. Pavlovsky, Louis Pavlovsky took over the management of the concern and is still the active head of the business. He possesses an unusual business ability, with good judgment and fore­sight, and under his capable direction it has grown to its present large proportions and come to be one of the largest establishments of its kind in the neighborhood. Taking example from his father, Mr. Pavlovsky has interested himself in local real estate, and has become the owner of much valuable property in and about Perth Amboy, realizing fully that in so flourishing a community, and with a steadily increasing population, the values are obliged to rise. He is also active in social circles, and is a member of several fraternal orders, including the Royal Arcanum and the Sons of Zion. He attends the synagogue of Shari Tafilo at Perth Amboy.
Louis Pavlovsky was united in marriage, July 8, 1906, in New York City, with Rose Abramson, like himself a native of Russia, her birth occurring in the city of Kovno, and a daughter of Harry and Minnie Abramson. Harry Abramson is a rabbi of the synagogue at West Hoboken, where he and his family reside. Mr. and Mrs. Pavlovsky are the parents of three children, as follows: Mollie B., born April 26, 1907; Elias, born October 26, 1908; and David, born December 31, 1909.

KEVER MEYER.—The enterprising spirit so characteristic of for­eign born men in this country is manifest in Kever Meyer, who has improved his opportunities and by indefatigable energy has worked his way upward to a position among the successful men of Raritan township, Middlesex county, where he is now engaged in agricultural pursuits and in conducting a house which is open during the summer season for the reception of those who seek pleasure and recreation in the country and at the sea shore. His activity along these lines has brought to him richly merited prosperity, and he is justly regarded as one of the leading men of his community.
Kever Meyer is a native of Austria, born October 8, 1866, son of Henry and Diana Meyer, the former of whom also devoted his attention to the tilling of the soil, the son following in his footsteps. Kever Meyer emigrated to this country and located in the vicinity of Rahway,. New Jersey, where he purchased a farm consisting of sixty-four acres in the year 1904, which he has since brought to a high state of perfection, the ground yielding bounteous return in the shape of crops of various kinds as the result of his wisely expended efforts. His produce, of high quality, is easily disposed of in the markets of the vicinity, and command good prices. Mr. Meyer is Jewish in his religious faith, contributing of his time and means to the church which he attends; in politics the candidates of the Republican party receive from him his loyal support.
Mr. Meyer married, December 5, 1894, in Newark, New Jersey, Anna Greantall, daughter of Harry Greantall. Mr. and Mrs. Meyer became the parents of three children, as follows : 1. Celia, born October 21, 1896, became the wife of Morris Robinowitz, and they are the parents of one child, Sydney. 2. Jacob, born March 26, 1898. 3. Harry, born October 14, 1912.

JENS PETER KNUDSON.—When Hans Knudson, with his wife, Carrie Sophia (Hansen) Knudson, came from their native Denmark to the United States in 1872, they settled on a farm in Raritan township, Middlesex county, New Jersey, and there their son, Jens Peter Knudson, was born, April 24, 1873. The lad grew up on the farm, was educated in the district school, and early became his father's farm assistant. He remained at the home farm until 1907, when he bought his present farm, which lies within a mile of Metuchen. In 1915 he established a retail milk business and has since conducted both farm and business. He has been successful both as a farmer and business man and is one of the substantial men of his community.. He is a Republican in politics, is affiliated with Metuchen Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, and with the Royal Arcanum.
Mr. Knudson married, November 26, 1903, in Raritan township, Lily Cook, born September to, 1873, in New Brunswick, New Jersey, daughter of George T. and Anna E. (Townley) Cook, of New Jersey birth. Mr. 'and Mrs. Knudson are the parents of four children : Lillian Marie, born November 2, 1904; Irving P., born August 29, '906 ; George Theodore, born May 13, 1908; Richard Frank, born January 15, 1912.

CHARLES BURGER, now a prosperous farmer of Piscataway town­ship, Middlesex county, New Jersey, was born in Germany, October 17, 1881 son of Nicholas and Margaret (Webber) Burger. The first twenty-eight years of his life Mr. Burger spent in his native land, there obtaining a good education and becoming a skilled painter and decorator. In 11911 he came to the United States, bought the Graham farm in Piscataway township, and there has spent the last ten years as a farmer. In politics he is an Independent, and in religious faith a Lutheran.
Mr. Burger married, in Germany, January 6, 1902, Elizabeth Stein­metz, born in Germany, October 6, 1885, daughter of John and Dorothy (Deman) Steinmetz. Mr. and Mrs. Burger are the parents of six children : 1. Elizabeth, born October 3, 1903. 2. Carl, born June 22, 1906. 3. Nicholas, born February I, 1910. 4. John, born September 9, 1915. 5. Emma, born August 9, 1917. 6. Helen, born December 9, 1919.

JOHN HENRY WITTNEBERT.—The first of the Wittnebert fam­ily of whom there is definite information is Ernest Wittnebert, who lived in Germany, a farmer, and there was twice Married. By his first mar­riage he had three children, John Henry, Bernard and Casper, and by his second marriage he had Louis, Andrew, Christian, Godleib, August, Amelia and Hannah. Ernest Wittnebert came to the United States at about the same time his sons and daughters did (about 1850), and bought land with them in Middlesex county, New Jersey, near Metuchen.
The first two sons of Ernest Wittnebert to come to the United States were Bernard and Casper, who arrived in New York City about 1848. In 1850 John Henry Wittnebert came with his half-brothers and sisters, children of Ernest Wittnebert by his second wife. He joined his broth­ers, Bernard and Casper, in New York City, and for a time worked there, but later, becoming dissatisfied with city life, they moved to New Jersey, locating in different small towns and on farms in Middlesex county, near Metuchen. Since that time that locality has been the principal seat of the Wittneberts, who are now numbered among the large and substantial families of that section. Their principal occupation has been farming, but whatever the occupation, they prospered and are highly respected. Strong in their regard for the land that gave their father a home and opportunity, the members of the present generation have proved their citizenship in every way, and during. the World War, 1917-18, several wore the khaki and all responded readily to the demands of the various campaigns and drives.
John Henry Wittnebert and his wife, Anna, were the parents of seven children, all born at the home farm near Metuchen, Middlesex county, New Jersey : 1. Henry F., a farmer at Metuchen, married Emma Smith, of Pennsylvania, and they have two children : Louis H. and Florence. 2. Bernard, a butcher of Metuchen, married Ella C. Gib­son, of Rahway, New Jersey, and they have a daughter, Grace. 3. Otto, a farmer of Metuchen, living at the home of his brother, Henry F. 4. Jennie, married J. F. Simmons, a baker of Perth Amboy, and they are the parents of four children : Julius, Jeannette, Robert, and William Simmons. Charles, Everett, and Edward Wittnebert, the three other children of John Henry and Anna Wittnebert, died young.
HARRY GOLDBERG.—The conservation of odds and ends of manufactured goods, the turning of what would otherwise be wasted into new channels of usefulness, is a worthy industry. Harry Goldberg, in the wholesale junk business which he conducts in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, exemplifies the thrift which the American people as a mass learned only through the exigencies of a great and bitter war.
Mr. Goldberg came from Russia alone, with little more than his two hands and his undaunted courage, to make his way to success in the country of his choice. Both his parents were born and died in Russia, The young man came directly to Perth Amboy, and immediately turned to the work that came to hand. He established a little business as huckster of vegetables, putting all his energy and business ability into this small beginning. This was in 1905, and his first location was at No. 406 Washington street. He removed to his present location in 1916, after he had won some measure of success. Gradually he changed the nature of his business, taking up the handling of junk as opportunity offered, and for some time past has devoted all his time to this work of retrieving useful material from the discard. He is advantageously situated at the intersection of New Brunswick avenue with the Lehigh Valley railway tracks.
Mr. Goldberg has become a thorough-going American citizen, never failing to exercise his franchise, and voting always for the best man, regardless of party. He is a member of the United Hebrew Lodge, No. soz, Independent Order Brith Abraham.
Mr. Goldberg married, in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, Jennie Daitz, also a native of Russia, who, like himself, came to this country alone to seek her livelihood. They are the parents of three children, all living: Abraham Paul, born March is, 1907; Fannie, born July 1, 1909, and Nathan, born in 1912. The family worship with the Congregation Sharai Tefiloh.

MAX S. BERNSTEIN.—The business men of a village, town or city are the men to whom the residents of the place look to for supplying their daily needs, and therefore they are the men upon whom reliance must be placed, men of good judgment and reliable actions, progressive and enterprising, and among this number is to be found Max S. Bern­stein, proprietor of a general store in Lincoln, Middlesex county, New Jersey, the recipient of an excellent patronage.
Max S. Bernstein is a native of Russia, born in the year 1877, a son of Samuel and Sarah (Leviett) Bernstein, also natives of Russia. The common schools of his native country furnished him with a practical education, and later, having decided that the opportunities for a business career were better in the New World than the Old, he emigrated to the United States and took up his, residence in the State of New Jersey, town of Lincoln, where in 1903 he embarked in business on his own account, opening a general store, of which he has been the proprietor ever since, and during the years that have intervened he has built it up largely, adding thereto as his means allowed, and by his courteous treat­ment of customers, his efforts to furnish them with the best merchandise at the lowest possible figure, he has retained his old trade and gained a considerable new one. He is a member of the Jewish church, Jewish Society, and casts his vote for the candidates of the Republican party.
Mr. Bernstein married, in New York City, Mary Leff, born in Aus­tria, who was brought by her parents, Samuel and Rosa (Waller) Leff, to this country when a child. Mr. and Mrs. Bernstein are the parents of eight children, as follows: Harry, Theodore, Nathan, Charles, Abraham, Esther, Anna, and Lillian.