Encyclopedia of Virginia Biography

[Pages 140-141]
Thomas Sanford Cooke, M. D. Thomas Sanford Cooke, a leading physician of Portsmouth, Virginia, is descended from one of the oldest Rhode Island families. Thomas Cooke, who was undoubtedly of English origin, was a butcher, residing in Portsmouth, Rhode Island, where he was received as an inhabitant in 1643, and was propounded for a house lot. He purchased land in 1649 and had a grant of eight acres in 1657. He was a freeman in 1655, and represented the town as deputy to the general court in 1664. He died February 6, 1674.His second wife, Mary, who survived him, married (second) Jeremiah Brown. Children: John, mentioned below; Thomas, died 1670; George; Sarah, married Peter Parker.
(II) John Cooke, eldest son of Thomas Cooke, was a butcher, residing in Portsmouth, where he died in 1691. He was a freeman in 1655 and deputy in 1670. He was licensed June 3, 1668, in company with Daniel Wilcox, to operate the ferry at Pocasset. He married Mary, daughter of Richard and Joan Borden, who died before 1691. Children: Mary, married William March; Elizabeth, born 1653, married William Briggs; Sarah, married Thomas Wait; John, born 1656; Hannah, married (first) Daniel Wilcox, (second) Enoch Briggs; Joseph, mentioned below; Martha, married William Corey; Deborah, married William Almy; Thomas, died 1726.
(III) Joseph Cooke, son of John and Mary (Borden) Cooke, resided in Portsmouth, where he died March 21, 1746. He was deputy in 1704 and 1707-08-09. He married, in Portsmouth, April 19, 1692, Susanna Briggs, of Tiverton, born about 1670, daughter of John and Hannah (Fisher) Briggs. Children: Deborah, born May 5, 1692; John, February 27, 1694 Thomas, mentioned below; William, September 11, 1701.
(IV) Thomas (2) Cooke, third son of Joseph and Susanna (Briggs) Cooke, was born March 31, 1697, in Portsmouth, where he resided. He married, May 39, 1722, Philadelphia Cornell, daughter of George and Deliverance Cornell.
(V) Thomas (3) Cooke, son of Thomas (2) and Philadelphia (Cornell) Cooke, was born about 1733-34, in Portsmouth. He married Ann Lechmere Gardiner.
(VI) Silas Cooke, son of Thomas (3) and Ann Lechmere (Gardiner) Cooke, married Esther, daughter of James and Jane Wallace.
(VII) Thomas (4) Cooke, son of Silas and Esther (Wallace) Cooke, born about 1788, resided in Newport, Rhode Island, and was engaged in the coasting trade on a ship plying between that port and Beaufort, North Carolina. He was lost at sea while on a voyage, September 5, 1815. He married, April 8, 1810, Esther Wallace, of North Carolina. For a time they lived in Newport, but the climate did not agree with Mrs. Cooke, and they removed to Beaufort. She survived him little more than one year, dying October 14, 1816, in Beaufort. They had two children: James Wallace, mentioned below, and Harriet, born August 26, 1814, married Israel Sheldon.
(VIII) James Wallace Cooke, only son of Thomas (4) and Esther (Wallace) Cooke, was born August 23, 1812, and entered the United States navy. At the age of twenty-two years he was appointed, June 14, 1834, by President Andrew Jackson, as a midshipman in the navy, and rose through the various ranks until he was captain, when he resigned, in 1861, to take charge of the construction of the Confederate gunboat "Albemarle," which was sunk during the civil war. He was appointed captain of that vessel by Governor John Letcher, of Virginia, May 4, 1861. His commission signed by the governor and by George Mumford, secretary of state, is preserved by his grandson, Dr. T. S. Cooke, of Portsmouth, Virginia, together with the commission signed by President Andrew Jackson. Under President Andrew Johnson, Captain Cooke was restored to United States citizenship, and took up his residence at Portsmouth, Virginia. His membership was transferred from the Brick Church in Fairfax county to Trinity Church of Portsmouth. He was a member of the Masonic fraternity. He married Mary Elizabeth Anne Watts. He was buried in Cedar Grove Cemetery.
(IX) Lechmere Rittenhouse Cooke, son of James Wallace and Mary E. A. (Watts) Cooke, was born 1853, in Portsmouth, and died 1882. He was educated in the public schools and the Virginia Military Institute, and after leaving school engaged in the transportation business, which continued to the time of his death. He was a member of Trinity Church of Portsmouth, and a steadfast adherent of Democratic principles in matters of public policy. He married, October 10, 1877, Laura Simpkins Spady, born September 19, 1852, and they were the parents of two children: James Wallace and Thomas Stanford. James Wallace, born April 9, 1879, married, April 8, 1912, Alice Oast, born December, 1883.
(X) Dr. Thomas Sanford Cooke, second son of Lechmere Rittenhouse and Laura Simpkins (Spady) Cooke, was born January 8, 1881, in Portsmouth. He was educated in the noted private school of L. P. Slater, of that town, and Norfolk Academy. He graduated from the Medical Department of the University of Virginia, at Charlottesville, Virginia, in 1904, and following this spent one and one-half years in the Norfolk Protestant Hospital, and six months at St. Vincent's Hospital in New York. In 1906 he engaged in the practice of his profession in Portsmouth, Virginia, where he has met with well-merited success. He is a member of the American Medical Association, the Norfolk & Portsmouth Medical Association, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Fraternal Order of Eagles and the Royal Arcanum. He is also a communicant of Trinity Church, and adheres to the political principles of his forefathers.

[Pages 141-144]
Caskie. John Caskie, the emigrant ancestor of the line here under consideration, resided near Glasgow, Scotland, from whence he came to this country, settling in the State of Virginia, where he spent the remainder of his days, respected and honored. He married a Miss Kerr, also of Scotland, and among his children were: John, of whom further; James, of whom further; Elizabeth, married a Mr. Reeve; Euphemia, who died unmarried.
(II) John (2) Caskie, son of John (1) Caskie, was a native of Scotland, was reared and educated in his native land, and about the year 1800 came to this country, settling in Lynchburg, Virginia, from whence he later removed to Richmond, same state, and was a man of influence in the communities wherein he resided. He married Martha Norvell, who bore him two children: 1. James K., married (first) Miss langhorne, no children; married (second) a Miss Gwathney, and they were the parents of a daughter, Norvell, who married Seddon Jones, of Rapidan, Virginia. 2. Robert A., organized and commanded during the civil war, the Caskie Rangers, a troop of Guerillas that became nearly as famous as Colonel Mosby's celebrated cavalry; after the war he removed to Kentucky and engaged there in the tobacco business; he married Amanda Gregory; children: Amanda; Mattie, married a Mr. Plass. 3. John Norvell. 4. Lizzie, married a Mr. Bullock. 5. William A. married Mary Ambler.
(II) James Caskie, son of John (1) Caskie, was also a native of Scotland, where he grew to manhood, receiving a practical education. He accompanied his brother, John Caskie, to this country, settling first in Manchester, Virginia, removing from there to Richmond, same state. For a number of years he engaged in the tobacco business, in which he was highly successful, and later was appointed president of the State Bank of Virginia, in which capacity he served until the close of the civil war, when he retired from active pursuits, spending his remaining days in the enjoyment of the fruits of his years of labor. He was a member of the Presbyterian church, in which he served as elder for many years. He married Elizabeth Pynchum, daughter of Samuel and ——— (Randolph) Pynchum. Children: 1. John S., of whom further. 2. James A., married (first) Alice Dimock, of Richmond, who bore him six children: James M., a physician at Remington, Virginia, married a Miss Rixey; Alice, unmarried, resides in Baltimore; Nannie N., unmarried; Norma, married Aylett B. Coleman, of Roanoke, Virginia, now deceased; Clarence, married and resides in Remington; Kennon, unmarried, resides in Roanoke, Virginia; James A. married (second) Betty Foster, of Richmond, Virginia, now deceased; no children. 3. Margaret, married Robert G. Cabell, of Richmond, Virginia; children: J. Caskie, married Nannie Enders, of Richmond; Robert G., married Annie Branch and had James Branch Cabell, the author, and Robert G. Cabell; Dr. Arthur, deceased, served in the United States navy, unmarried; H. Landon, a broker in Richmond; E. Carrington, married Isa Carrington; Lizzie, married a Mr. Richie, of Baltimore; Bell, married John Lotier, of Richmond; Rose Constance, married a Mr. Wright, of Augusta, Georgia. 4. Mary Eliza, married Daniel London; children: Ellen, wife of a Mr. Ficklin, of Fredericksburg, Virginia; Reeve, deceased. 5. Augusta, married John Scott, of Fauquier county, Virginia; children: James; Frank; John; Lizzie, married Richard Scott, of Petersburg, Virginia; Mary, married John B. Minor, of Richmond. 6. Ellen, deceased; married a Mr. Hutchinson; one daughter, Nannie. 7. Lizzie, married her brother-in-law, Mr. Hutchinson, and both were lost at sea; one daughter, Ellen, married Perpedo Centaro, and resides in Florence, Italy. 8. Nannie, died unmarried.
(III) John S. Caskie, was born in Richmond, Virginia, 1822, died 1871. He was reared in his native city, attended the schools in the vicinity of his home and completed his studies at the University of Virginia, graduating from the law school of that institution at the age of nineteen years. He as admitted to the bar and began practice in the city of Richmond at the age of twenty-one, achieving success in his chosen calling. A few years later he was elected commonwealth attorney of Richmond, in which capacity he served until elected judge of the circuit court of Richmond. In 1857-58 he was elected to Congress, and was reëlected for a second term. During the civil war he enlisted in the Confederate army, serving until 1864, when his health gave way and he was obliged to quit the service and return home, where he remained, an invalid, until his death. He was a man of exceptional mentality, a fine scholar and well informed on most subjects. His later years were spent in extensive reading and considerable literary work, and until the close of his life he enjoyed working out problems in engineering, in which science he took great interest.
Mr. Caskie married Fannie Johnson, daughter of William R. and Mary (Evans) Johnson, and granddaughter of George Evans, a surgeon in the revolutionary war, who came to this country some time prior to the revolution with his father, George Evans, who attained the rank of general in the war for independence. William and Mary Johnson were the parents of a number of children, the greater number of whom died in infancy, those who survived being as follows: 1. William R., married Addie Branch and had Virginius, Mary, Waverley. 2. George, married a Miss Eggleston and had Puss, Mary, William R., Jennie. 3. John. 4. Mary, married a Mr. Dunn. 5. Marmaduke, married Mary Paul, was a prominent attorney, and during the civil war was a member of the Confederate Congress. 6. Jennie, married Mary Pegram. 7. Fannie, aforementioned as the wife of Mr. Caskie. Children of John S. and Fannie Caskie: 1. John S. Jr., killed in civil war. 2. James, married Emma Palmer. 3. William R. J., died in 1877, unmarried. 4. Eliza R. P., married (first) Dr. Walter D. Burfoot, (second) Dabney C. Jackson, of Lynchburg. 5. George E., of whom further.
(IV) George E. Caskie, son of John S. Caskie, was born in Richmond, Virginia, March 20, 1858. He received a practical education by attendance at Hampden-Sidney College. After serving five years as deputy clerk at the Nelson courts, Virginia, he was admitted to the bar in 1881. He then formed a partnership with J. T. Coleman and immediately entered upon the practice of law in Nelson county, and there conducted a successful law business for fifteen years, at the expiration of which time they removed the ir office to Lynchburg, Virginia, where they continued in partnership until 1906, in which year the connection was dissolved and Mr. Caskie admitted his son, James R., as partner, under the firm name of Caskie & Caskie, under which title the business is now conducted, with offices in the People's Bank building, the finest business structure in the city of Lynchburg. During his residence in Nelson county, Mr. Caskie served as superintendent of public instruction for a period of ten years, and after his removal to Lynchburg served for twelve years on the Lynchburg school board, during a portion of which time he served as chairman of the board. This office he resigned in order to accept a position on the board of aldermen, in which capacity he is serving at the present time (1914). He is vice president of the Citizens' Savings & Loan Corporation, manager of the Richmond Soapstone Company in Nelson county, and interested in a number of other business and financial enterprises. He has been an elder of the Presbyterian church and superintendent on the Sunday school for fourteen years; he has always taken an active part in church work, and when the Presbyterian Synod planned to erect an orphan asylum, he was instrumental in having it located in Lynchburg, and in 1907 was made president of the institution. For twelve years he served as director in the Lynchburg Young Men's Christian Association. He has always taken a keen interest in the temperance question, and for many years has intelligently and consistently fought the sale of intoxicating liquors in the state of Virginia.
Mr. Caskie married Kimbrough Ligon, of Nelson county, Virginia, daughter of Joseph and Martha V. (Massie) Ligon. Children: 1. John, married Nannie Nicholas, of Lynchburg, Virginia; son, John S. 2. Martha Virginia, married Clinton De Witt Jr., of Lynchburg. 3. George E., Jr., married Grace Jackson, of Lynchburg; daughter, Grace. 4. Fannie J., married Donald G. Moore, of Lynchburg. 5. James R., unmarried, a partner of his father in the law firm of Caskie & Caskie. 6. William S., unmarried. 7. Maude, married James Own Watts, of Lynchburg.
Major Thomas Massie, great-grandfather of Kimbrough (Ligon) Caskie, settled in Clark county, Virginia, and later removed to Nelson county, where he owned a large estate called "Level Green;" he was a major in the Caskie Continental army, serving on General Washington's staff. He married a Miss Cocke, who bore him three children: 1. Dr. Thomas, of whom further. 2. Henry. 3. William, married (first) Sallie Stephens, by whom he had one child, Colonel Thomas Massie, who married a Miss Effinger, and died some years ago, without children, married (second) a Miss Clark, no children; married (third) a Miss Wyatt, by whom he had one daughter, Ellen, married Jacob Warwick, and died several years ago, near Staunton, leaving children: i. Lalla R. Boyd, who resides at Scottsville, Virginia. ii. William Massie Warwick, married a Miss Caperton, and resides in West Virginia, iii. Woods Warwick, resides in West Virginia. iv. Andrew Warwick. v. Mattie Warwick, died unmarried. Married (fourth) Maria Effinger, by whom he had four children: i. Martha V., married Joseph Ligon, and died leaving four children: a. Maude, married T. C. Peak, resides in St. Louis, Missouri; b. W. Massie, married Nellie Noell, resides in Lynchburg; d. L. Cobbs, deceased, unmarried. ii. Hope W., married Laura Effinger, who died leaving the following children: a. Kate, married A. C. Yuille, of Lynchburg, and died leaving one child, Massie, who resides in Tyro, Virginia; b. Lucy, unmarried, resides in Baltimore; c. Gertrude, died unmarried; d. Laura. married ——— McComb, resides in Augusta county, Virginia; e. Sue, married S. B. Whitehead, resides in Lovingston; f. Irene, married ——— Smoot, resides in Staunton; g. M. E., married Cammie Ford, resides at Tyro, Virginia. iii. Florence, married (first) John L. Tunstall, by whom she had two children: a. W. Massie, resides at Lovingston; b. Corinne Waring, resides in Washington, D. C.; married (second) Judge J. D. Horsley, by whom she had four children: Bland, Thomas S. M., Catherine D., Eliza Perkins, all no living. iv. Bland, married Eliza Snead, resides at Tyro, Virginia; children: a. Josephine, married a Dr. Dunlap, resides in West Virginia; b. Maria, married ——— Gardner, resides in Norfolk; c. Florence, married John Morton, resides in Lynchburg; d. Margaret, married Adrian Nalle, resides at Culpeper; e. Nettie, unmarried; f. Mary, unmarried; g. William, died unmarried; h. John, died unmarried; i. Robert, married Alice Jackson, or Lynchburg, resides at Tyro; j. Harry, married a Miss Redd, resides in Nelson county, Virginia; k. Withers, unmarried; I. Barksdale, unmarried; m. Tom., unmarried; n. Charles, unmarried; o. Frank, unmarried.
Dr. Thomas (2) Massie, son of Major Thomas (1) Massie, married (first) a Miss Waller, of Amherst county, Virginia, by whom he had five children that attained maturity, namely: 1. William H., died unmarried. 2. Sarah, married William O. Goode, of Mecklenburg county, Virginia, who left a number of children. 3. Elizabeth, died unmarried. 4. Waller, married ——— and was the father of three children: i. Thomas, died without children. ii. William, unmarried. iii. Gertrude, married ——— Fullerton; living at the present time (1914); no children. iv. Juliet A., married H. C. Boyd, of Nelson county, Virginia; children: a. Alice Boyd, married Stuart Cabell, who died without children; b. Rev. Thomas N. Boyd, died in Arkansas, leaving two children; c. Conrad D. Boyd, whose widow resides in Scottsville; d. Waller M. Boyd, resides at Roseland, Virginia; e. H. C. Boyd Jr., died unmarried; f. N. L. Boyd, died at Roseland; g. William H. Boyd, died in Texas; h. Lucy Boyd, married George L. Hundley, resides in Farmville; i. Juliet Boyd, married R. P. Andrews, who died leaving two sons; j. Lila Boyd, married P. P. Gant, resides at Roseland; k. Jennie Boyd, died unmarried. Dr. Thomas Massie married (second) a Miss Cabell, of Nelson county, Virginia, by whom he had three children; 5. Paul, died unmarried. 6. Anne, died unmarried. 7. Patrick C. married Susan Withers, of Campbell county, Virginia; children: i. Robert W., married Mattie Manson. ii. Patrick C. Jr. iii. Thomas, deceased. iv. Thornton L., a judge. v. Douglas. vi. Withers. vii. Susan, who married ——— Brown, of Kentucky.
[Transcriber's Note: Bernard M. Caperton's book, "The Caperton Family", 1973, Charlottesville, Virginia, includes Jane Erskine Caperton, born March 2, 1863, married June 8, 1883 to William Massie Warwick (born August 16, 1854, died February 8, 1922). They lived in Slab Fork, WV, and had 3 children. Jane Erskine Caperton was daughter of George Henry & Mary Eliza (Henderson) Caperton. George Henry was son of Hugh Caperton and his first wife, Jane Erskine. Hugh was son of Adam and Elizabeth (Miller) Caperton, and nephew of "New River" Hugh Caperton.]

[Pages 144-148]
Major-General James Ewell Brown Stuart. Stuart, Stewart or Steuart is the surname of a family who became heirs to the Scottish and ultimately to the English crown. Their descent is traced to a Norman baron, Alan, whose eldest son, William, became progenitor of the Earls of Arundel, and whose two younger sons, Waller and Simon, came to Scotland, Waller being appointed high steward of David I., who conferred on him various lands, including Paisley, where he founded the Abbey in 1160. In America the name is a noted one, borne by merchant princes, poets, writers, judges, and by that prince of soldiers, General James Ewell Brown Stuart.
The American ancestor, Archibald Stuart, a descendant of the Scottish Stuarts, came from Londonderry, Ireland, in 1733, and settled in that part of Virginia that later was awarded to the state of Pennsylvania. On account of religious differences he moved to the western part of the province, lived there several years, and then came to Virginia, locating in Augusta.
Alexander Stuart, second son of Archibald Stuart, the emigrant, was born during the residence in Western Pennsylvania, came with his parents to Virginia, and was an officer of the revolution. At the battle of Guilford Court House Square he had two horses shot from under him, and was himself wounded and left for dead on the field of battle. He was held a prisoner by the British and endured all the hardships of war, serving until peace was declared.
Judge Archibald (2) Stuart, son of Alexander Stuart, was of Staunton, Virginia, born in 1757. He was a member of the Virginia house of delegates that ratified the Constitution of the United States, having previously served in the revolutionary army at Yorktown. He was a graduate of William and Mary College, a learned lawyer and eminent jurist. His wife was Eleanor, daughter of Colonel Girard Bresco.
Judge Alexander (2) Stuart, an eminent lawyer and jurist of Patrick county, Virginia, died in 1855. He married Anne Dabney.
Hon. Archibald (3) Stuart, son of Judge Alexander (2) Stuart, was a prominent member of the Virginia Legislature from Patrick county, a lawyer of high repute, and one of the most prominent men of his county. He married Elizabeth Letcher Pannill, a cousin of Governor Letcher, of Virginia, a descendant of Giles Letcher, born in Ireland, of Welsh parentage, Giles Letcher came to Virginia, and in Richmond married Hannah Hughes, also of Welsh forbears. From the marriage of Hon. Archibald Stuart and Elizabeth Letcher Pannill sprang General James Ewell Brown Stuart, one of the great generals of the Confederacy, and one of the greatest cavalry commanders.
General James Ewell Brown Stuart, youngest son of Hon. Archibald (3) and Elizabeth Letcher (Pannill) Stuart, was born in Patrick county, Virginia, February 6, 1833, died in Richmond, Virginia, June 12, 1864. He prepared for college at Wytheville, Pennsylvania, and in 1848 entered Emory and Henry College. While a student he was converted and became a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, later in life joining the Presbyterian Episcopal church, and ever living a consistent Christian life. In 1850 he obtained an appointment to the United States Military Academy at West Point, whence he was graduate in 1854, thirteenth in a class of forty-six members. General Fitzhugh Lee thus describes him at West Point: "I recall his distinguishing characteristics which were a strict attention to military duties, an erect soldierly bearing, an immediate and almost thankful acceptance of a challenge to fight, from any cadet who might in any way feel himself aggrieved, and a clear, metallic, ringing voice." At graduation he was commissioned brevet second-lieutenant in the regiment of mounted riflemen serving at that time in Texas, and on October 31 of the same year was made second-lieutenant. In 1855 Lieutenant Stuart was transferred to the First Regiment, United States Cavalry, and in August of the same year the regiment was ordered to Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. Their Lieutenant Stuart was appointed regimental quartermaster and commissary. In September, 1855, the regiment was ordered out to subdue hostile Indians, and although so engaged until November 4, no actual battle was fought. On December 20, 1855, he was brevetted first lieutenant of his regiment, and in the following year was engaged with it in suppressing hostilities in Kansas between the new settlers, the question of whether Kansas was "slave" or "free" territory not having been settled. It was during this period that Lieutenant Stuart became acquainted with Ossawatomie Brown, whom he subsequently identified at Harper's Ferry. On November 14, 1855, he married Flora, daughter of Colonel Philip St. George Cooke, of the Second Dragoons, Colonel Cooke then commanding the post at Fort Riley, where the ceremony was performed. In 1857, the First Cavalry was engaged in Indian warfare, having many fights with the hostiles, the most important being a battle with the Cheyennes at Solomon's river, where Lieutenant Stuart was wounded. From 1857 to 1860 he was stationed at Fort Riley with six companies of the First Cavalry. In 1859 he invented a sabre attachment for which he secured a patent, and obtaining a six months leave of absence he went to Washington to negotiate with the war department for the purchase of his invention. In the summer of 1860 the First Cavalry was sent against the Comanche and other hostile Indian tribes and while at the headwaters of the Arkansas river was ordered to select a site for the later Fort Wise. He was aide to Colonel Robert E. Lee in the attack upon John Brown and his raiders of Harper's Ferry, where he read to Brown the summons to surrender.
Lieutenant Stuart decided when the situation became acute between the states that his course would be that taken by his state, Virginia, and in March, 1861, he applied for a two months leave of absence, and then repaired to St. Louis to await developments. As soon as Virginia withdrew from the Union he sent in his resignation as an officer of the United States army, and before hearing of its acceptance he received notice of his promotion to captain. His resignation was accepted May 7, 1861, and he at once enlisted in the Confederate army, received a commission as lieutenant-colonel of infantry, May 10, following, and was ordered to report to Colonel Thomas J. Jackson at Harper's Ferry. On July 16 of the same year he was brevetted a colonel of cavalry, and on September 24 a brigadier-general by the Confederate States government, and on July 22, 1862, commissioned a major-general, following his daring raid around the army of the Potomac just before the Seven Days Battle, a movement that won the applause and hearty admiration of both friend and foe.
Colonel Stuart's cavalry division contained in June, 1861, but twenty-one officers and three hundred and thirteen men, yet such was his activity and efficiency that with this small force a front of fifty miles was closely guarded and every important movement reported. In referring to this service General Joseph E. Johnson wrote him from the west: :How can I eat, sleep or rest in peace without you upon this outpost?" He bore an important part in saving the day at Bull Run, but on December 20, 1861, in command of four regiments of infantry, met his first reverse, at the battle of Drainsville. At Seven Pines General Longstreet said in his report, "Brigadier-General J. E. B. Stuart in the absence of any opportunity to use his cavalry was a material assistance to me on the field." In June, 1862, he led the movement to the rear of McClellan's army, known as the "Chickahominy Raid." He was actively engaged in the "Seven Days" fighting around Richmond, and on August 20, 1862, made a daring expedition, crossing the Rappahannock at Waterloo Bridge, Harts Ford. With most of his command he raided General Pope's camp at Catlett's Station, capturing a number of officers belonging to his staff, the general's personal baggage, despatch book and other valuable papers, and a large sum of money, horses and other property. The principal depot of the Federal army was at Manassas Junction, and Stuart lost no time in attacking and successfully carrying off a large amount of booty. At Second Bull Run Stuart's cavalry was conspicuous, and in the Maryland raid which followed, led in advance of "Stonewall" Jackson's corps. At Sharpsburg he rendered valuable service, guarding with his artillery an important eminence on Jackson's left, upon which depended the security of the Confederate forces, and also led the movement by which General Sumner and his troops were repulsed. On October 9, after a brief rest, General Stuart led the celebrated raid on Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, at the head of eighteen hundred picked cavalry. When this force was assembled to start, General Stuart thus addressed them, "Soldiers, you are about to engage in an enterprise which to insure success, imperatively demands at your hands, coolness, decision and bravery, implicit obedience to orders without question or cavil, and the strictest order and sobriety on the march and in bivouac. The destination and extent of this expectation had better be kept to myself than known to you. Suffice it to say, that with the hearty cooperation of officers and men, I have no doubt of its success — a success that will reflect credit in the highest degree upon your arms." The men responded enthusiastically to his address and all through the march the orders of their general were strictly obeyed. Nothing was disturbed in the state of Maryland, but once they entered Pennsylvania the capture of horses was systematically and diligently pushed. The entire raid was a wonderful instance of the control he had over his men. Colonel Alexander K. McClure, who was one of the committee of three citizens who surrendered the town of Chambersburg, thus wrote, "General Stuart sat on his horse in the centre of the town, surrounded by his staff, and his command was coming in from the country in large squads, leading their old horses and riding the new ones they had found in the stables thereabouts. General Stuart is of medium size, has a keen eye and wears an immense sandy whiskers and moustache. His demeanor to our people was that of a humane soldier. In several instances his men commenced to take private property from stores, but they were arrested by General Stuart's provost guard." General Stuart was overjoyed by the complete success of his raid, and his return march from Chambersburg was one of the most remarkable on record. Within twenty-seven hours he had covered eighty miles, notwithstanding the fact that he was encumbered with his artillery and the horses that had been captured, and had forced a passage of the Potomac in the face of the enemy. During the entire march the only casualties met with were the wounding of one soldier, and the capture by the enemy of two more who had dropped out of line. Railroad and public property had been destroyed in Chambersburg, valued at $251,000; thirty United States government officials and prominent citizens were captured and forwarded to Richmond to be held for the exchange of imprisoned Confederate citizens; two hundred and eighty-six wounded prisoners were paroled and about twelve hundred horses captured. A still more important result of the raid was the demoralizing effect it had on the Federal cavalry. This was succinctly described by General McClellan in his report: "It was necessary to use all my cavalry against Stuart, and this exhausting service completely broke down our horses, rendering a remount necessary before we could advance on the enemy." At Fredericksburg Stuart guarded the extreme Confederate right. He was with "Stonewall" Jackson at Chancellorsville, and on the nights of the second and third of May the command of the corps devolved upon General Stuart, as General A. P. Hill, the senior in rank, had been disabled shortly after Jackson was mortally wounded. There he displayed characteristic valor, and personally led the charges that resulted in carrying Hazel Green Ridge, the strategic point that commanded the situation. His battle cry, "Charge and remember Jackson," roused his men to their greatest efforts, and after repeated charges followed by repeated repulses, the Confederates finally forced back the Federal centre and turned their own guns on them as they retreated.
General Stuart bore an important part in Lee's advance into Pennsylvania, crossing the Potomac and guarding the flanks of the advance columns. He met and repulsed Kilpatrick at Aldie, but was in turn repulsed the next day at Upperville and driven back to Ashby Junction. Two days later at Middleburg, after a running fight of eight miles, he was again defeated. General Stuart has been criticized for disregarding an order to cross the Potomac as advance guard to the infantry, and holding instead the gap in the mountains through which he made a raid in the rear of the Federal army, until the close of the three days fighting at Gettysburg. Whatever justice there may be in such criticism, the fact mut not be lost sight of that General Stuart had problems of his own to face, unknown to General Lee; that for eight days he was without rest, fighting constantly three days, and that he formed an effective guard to the retreating army, and by guarding the mountain passes he secured a safe route, repulsing the Federal attacks, and saving for the Confederates their wagon trains and artillery. On this duty he fought Kilpatrick and Buford, and several times engaged hand to hand with the Federals checking their pursuit. Afterward Stuart met Kilpatrick and Buford on the Rappahannock at Culpeper and Jack's Shop, but retired in each instance. At Brandy Station he forced back Pleasanton and routed Davis at Buckland. He led Hill's corps against Grant at the passage of the Rapidan, and by a detour interposed Sheridan on his Richmond raid, and at Yellow Tavern had an obstinate fight with that cavalry leader, saving the Confederate capital. The fortunes of war turned against his forces only after their gallant leader had received his mortal wound, a shot from a fleeing Federal trooper, who had been dismounted in the charge. Noting as he was bine carried from the field that his men were retreating in disorder, he cried to them: "Go back, go back; and do your duty, as I have done mine, and our country will be safe. Go back; go back; I had rather die than be whipped." These words of entreaty and command were the last he ever uttered on the battlefield. He died in Richmond, Virginia, the next day, June 12, 1864.
John Esten Cooke has written thus of his last moments: "As his life had been one of earnest devotion to the cause in which he believed, so his last hours were tranquil, his confidence in the mercy of Heaven unfailing. When he was asked how he felt, he said, 'Easy, but willing to die if God and my country think I have done my duty.' His last words were: 'I am going fast now; I am resigned. God's will be done.' As he uttered the words he expired."
Writes another, Joseph T. Derry: "In every battle Stuart's black plume had waved in the advance. In every arm of the service he had won the highest honors. Gay and rollicking in camp, merry on the march, often calling Sweeney to ride by his side and thrum upon the banjo an accompaniment to his merry songs, he was also fully awake to the demands of duty and equal to any emergency. With all his gaiety he was never profane, would not play cards, was one of the purest of men, a devoted husband and father, and a devout Christian."
History records his daring deeds and awards him a place with Lee and Jackson, as one of the greatest military generals of the Confederacy. The secret of his greatness in war was not alone his personal bravery nor his military genius, but may be found in his own devotion to the cause he championed, and to the faculty he possessed of inspiring his men with his own high spirited devotion, so that where he led all followed, thus making a Stuart of every man in his command. This with his daring and fearlessness rendered him invincible.
General Stuart married at Fort Riley, Kansas, November 14, 1855, Flora, daughter of Colonel Philip St. George Cooke, of the United States army, a graduate of West Point, son of Dr. Stephen and Catherine (Esten) Cooke, the latter a daughter of the governor-general of Bermuda, West Indies, during the revolution. Children: 1. Flora, born in 1857, died in 1862. 2. James Ewell Brown (2), born in 1860; now with the Texas Oil Company in New York City; married Josephine Phillips, of Hampton, Virginia; children: Mary, Flora, Josephine, James E. B. (3) and Elizabeth Letcher. 3. Virginia Pelham, born in 1863, died in 1898; she married Robert Page Waller, of Norfolk; children: Flora Stuart, Matthew Page and Virginia Stuart.
Mrs. Flora (Cooke) Stuart, now aged seventy-eight, is in good health, and at the inauguration of Governor Stuart of Virginia in February, 1914, was the guest of honor of Governor Stuart, the eldest of the nephews of General Stuart. Her home in Norfolk contains many reminders of her honored husband, among them a flag, carefully framed, made by her own hands and carried at the head of his troops. This was partially destroyed by fire; the bullet holes proclaim the important part it bore in many battles. There are many pictures and statues of General Stuart, and Monument avenue, Richmond, is graced with an exceedingly fine equestrian figure, erected by the city and his many friends.

[Pages 148-150]
John Herbert Claiborne, physician and surgeon, was born at Louisburg, North Carolina, June 29, 1861. He belongs to the Claibornes of Virginia, one of the best known families of the south, founded by William Claiborne, who played a prominent part in the early affairs of Virginia. The family from which he derived his name was seated in the manor of Cleburne or Cliborne in Westmmoreland, England. The manor is named in the Doomsday Book (A. D. 1086), and the family for many generations possessed this as well as Bampton, Cundale, Kyse, Bampton Patric and Knyfe Patric.
Cleburne Hall, Westmoreland, which still remains, somewhat altered and modernized, was built by Richard Cleburne in 1567 on the site of the old castle, or "pele" of Cleburne. An inscription over the entrance still gives the name of the builder and the date. Views of part of the house still standing and of Cleborne Church are given in the :Magazine of American History." In the church are now memorial tablets to William Claiborne, the emigrant to Virginia, and of General Patrick R. Claiborne, Confederate States of America, who was of the Irish branch.
(I) William Claiborne, immigrant ancestor of the Claiborne family, was born about 1587, and is first noticed in June, 1621, when the Virginia Company engaged him to go to Virginia as surveyor with a salary of thirty pounds sterling a year and a house. He came to Virginia with Governor Wyatt in the same year, 1621. In 1625 Governor Yeardley appointed him secretary of state for the colony and member of the council, and he held the latter place in 1627-29-31-32, and so on until 1660. Richard Kemp was appointed secretary in 1637, and after him Richard Lee; but in April, 1652, the house of burgesses restored Claiborne to the place which he held until the Restoration. On April 6, 1642, he was made treasurer of Virginia for life. How long he held this office does not appear. In 1629 he commanded an expedition against the Indians, and defeated them under their king, Candiack, near the present West Point, and he led another force against them in 1644, as in a grant to him of 5,000 acres on the north side of Pamunkey river, the land is described as "running westerly to a point of land where the said Coll. Clayborne landed with an army under his command, anna 1644." There is also a grant to Richard Lee in 1648 in which the land "about six or seven miles up the narrows of the Chickahominy River adj. York or Pamunkey" is stated to be a neck "where the foot company met with the boats when they went Pamunkey march under ye command of Captain William Claybourne." He was appointed a justice and of the quorum of Accomac county, February, 1631-32, was a justice of York, 1633, and of Northumberland in 1653. He probably lived much in the latter county during his contest with the Indians. In 1631 Claiborne made a trading settlement on Kent Island in the Chesapeake, and was associated in business with various persons in London. Kent Island he named after the river Kent, which flows through Levins Castle, the seat of the Bellinghams, in Westmoreland. The proprietors of Maryland claimed that the island was included in their grant; a long struggle followed in which force was used on both sides. Sever of Claiborne's men were killed and captured, two of his vessels were taken, and he was expelled from the island incurring a heavy loss. But on September 26, 1651, he was appointed one of the parliamentary commissioners to subdue Virginia and Maryland, and in the next year expelled Lord Baltimore's governor, and obtained control after a dispute of twenty years. In 1654 the Claiborne party totally defeated the Baltimore party, led by Governor Stone, who had again returned, and remained in undisputed control until Baltimore had made his peace with the parliamentary party in 1658, when Claiborne disappears from active participation in Maryland affairs. In the Northampton records (April, 1653) is an order referring to the "Worshipfull Coll. William Claiborne, Esq., Deputy Governor" — an office which has not been elsewhere noticed, but must have been appointed in Bennett's administration. In the English State Paper office are many documents relating to the long controversy over Kent Island. Modern investigation shows that the long and active career of Claiborne was worthy of admiration.
He married Elizabeth Buller. Children: William, married Elizabeth Wilks; Thomas, mentioned below; Leonard; Jane, married Colonel Thomas Brereton; Mary, married (first) a man of the name of Rice, and (second) Robert Harris.
(II) Lieutenant Colonel Thomas Claiborne, son of William and Elizabeth (Buller) Claiborne, was born August 17, 1647, died October 7, 1683. He was buried at Romancoke, King William county, where his tomb remains bearing the arms: Ar. three chevrons interlaced in base sable, a chief of the last. In 1665 he received a grant of five hundred acres in New Kent county, and in 1677 one thousand five hundred acres on the "upper forks of York river." He also served against the Indians and was killed by an arrow in such service. He married a Miss Dandridge, and had one child, Thomas Jr.
(III) Captain Thomas (2) Claiborne, son of Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas (1) and ——— (Dandridge) Claiborne, was born December 16, 1680, died August 16, 1732. He is known as "Thomas Claiborne of Sweet Hall," King William county. He married Anne, daughter of Henry Fox, of King William county, and his wife Anne, daughter of Colonel John West (nephew of the third Lord Delaware). Children: Thomas, born January 9, 1704, died December 1, 1735, clerk of Stafford; William; Leonard, sheriff of King William county, 1732, burgess, 1736, married Martha, daughter of Major Francis Burnell; Nathaniel, died in his fortieth year; Augustine, mentioned below; Daniel; Burnell.
(IV) Colonel Augustine Claiborne, son of Captain Thomas (2) and Anne (Fox) Claiborne, was born at "Sweet Hall" in 1721, died May 3, 1787. He moved to Surry and was burgess from that county; clerk of Sussex; state senator. He married Mary, daughter of Buller Herbert. Children: May, Herbert, Tom, Augustine, Anne, Susanna, William, Buller, Richard, Lucy, Herbert, Elizabeth, John Herbert, Sarah, Ferdinand, Bathurst.
(V) John Herbert Claiborne, son of Colonel Augustine and Mary (Herbert) Claiborne, was born May 30, 1763. He married Mary, daughter of Roger Gregory, of Chesterfield. Children: John Gregory; Maria, married John Wilkins; Martha Ann, married Nicholas Lewis.
(VI) Rev. John Gregory Claiborne, son of John Herbert and Mary (Gregory) Claiborne, was born about 1786. He married Mary E. Weldon. Children: Mary Augusta, married John G. Thomas; Anna Maria, married A. C. Butts; John Herbert, mentioned below.
(VII) John Herbert (2) Claiborne, son of the Rev. John Gregory and Mary E. (Weldon) Claiborne, was born in Brunswick Tennessee, Virginia, March 16, 1828, died in 1908. He was graduated at the University of Virginia in 1849 and at the Jefferson Medical School in 1850, after which for a year he was connected with the hospitals of Philadelphia. In 1851 he settled in Petersburg, Virginia, and there practiced until 1861. In 1857 he was a member of the Virginia senate. During the civil war he was a surgeon in the Confederate army, and in 1862 organized the general hospital in Petersburg, of which he became chief executive officer. He served in the Twelfth Virginia Infantry Regiment (Mahone's brigade, Confederate States of America), and was captured two days before the surrender of lieutenant-general Robert E. Lee to General Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox. As surgeon he ranked as captain and major. He was a member of several medical societies and held the office of vice-president of the Virginia State Medical Society and of the Confederate States Army and Navy Medical Association. After being paroled he returned to Petersburg, Virginia, where he began again to practice his profession in that neighborhood. He made a specialty of the diseases of women and children, and his published articles in the medical journals are mostly on this subject. He published essays on "Diptheria" and "Dysmenorrhea" and a volume of "Clinical Reports from Private Practice" in 1873. Dr. Claiborne married (first) Sarah Joseph, daughter of Joseph Alston, of Halifax county, North Carolina. He married (second) Annie Leslie Watson. Children, all by first marriage: John Herbert, mentioned below; Maria Louisa, married Herbert W. Page, of Pagebrook, Clark county, Virginia; Anna Augusta, married Dr. P. H. Lightfoot; Sarah Joseph Alston, married William B. Mellwaine; Elizabeth Weldon, married Bernard Mann.
(VIII) Dr. John Herbert (3) Claiborne, son of John Herbert (2) and Sarah Joseph (Alston) Claiborne, was educated at private schools and at the "University School" at Petersburg, Virginia, where he remained for six years. He entered the University of Virginia in 1879, and was graduated with the degree of M. D. in 1883. He took post-graduate courses in the New York Polytechnic and Bellevue Medical College, when he returned to Petersburg, and practiced there for two years. After leaving the university he took up the practice of his profession with his father, at the end of which time he removed to New York City. Dr. Claiborne took up the special study of the "eye and its diseases" in New York City, and then went abroad, attending the universities of Halle, Saxony, and the University of Berlin, Germany, as well as the clinics at Paris and London. In 1886 Dr. Claiborne settled in New York City, where he has been in the practice of his specialty ever since. He has from time to time written and published various articles on his specialty of "The Eye." He served for five years in Squadron A, New York National Guard as a sergeant, and was honorably discharged in 1896. He volunteered in the Spanish-American war in the Twelfth New York Infantry Regiment of the line, as second lieutenant. He was mustered in the United States regular army, May 13, 1898, as first lieutenant. Subsequently he became battalion adjutant, and was finally made captain of the line. He received an honorable discharge, October 15, 1898, when he returned to New York City to take up the practice of his profession, specialising as before in ailments of the eye. Dr. Claiborne's publications include: "Theory and Practice of Opthalmatology," "Functional Examining of the Eye," "Cataract Extraction," as well as another publication in the Naval Institute of Annapolis, Maryland, on a system of ship lighting in substitution for the one now in use. He is a member of the Calumet Club, the New York Fencing Club, Rockaway Hunting Club, Virginia Society of the Cincinnati, Society Sons of the American Revolution, American Medical Association, New York County and State Medical Association, American Opthalmalogical Society, America Academy of Opthalmology, Virginia Medical Society, Union Club of New York, University Club, Society of Military Order of the Spanish-America War. Dr. Claiborne is an expert horsemen, fencer and swordsman.
Dr. Claiborne married, June 16, 1901, Marie Louise Claiborne (a distant cousin), daughter of William C. C. Claiborne, of New Orleans, Louisiana, who is a grandson of William C. C. Claiborne, the first territorial as well as the first state governor of Louisiana. He was first appointed by President Thomas Jefferson, and it was he who formerly received over to the United States the great northwest territory bought from Napoleon. There has been one child of the marriage, John Herbert Jr., born July 1, 1902, at New York City.