Maries County Missouri

mogenweb

Ahnentafel Chart for Earl Weldon JONES

19 Feb 2001

submitted by Earl Fraley

First Generation

1. Earl Weldon JONES1 was born2 17 Nov 1926 in Hoecker, Maries, Mo..

FROM Form 53-55 ARMY OF THE UNITED STATES, HONORABLE DISCHARGE

Name: Jones Earl W.

Serial No.: 37-689-699

Rank at time of discharge: Tec 5

Eyes: Brown Hair: Brown Height: 5'6" Weight: 151

Date of induction and entry into service: 30 May 1945

TAKEN FROM BIRTH CERTIFICATE: State of Missouri, Bureau of Vital Statistics, Certificate of Birth, Registration District No. 6, File No. 55154, Primary Registration District No. 575913, Registered No. 81

Full Name of Child: Earl Weldon Jones

DOB: Nov 17, 1926 @ 4:30 a.m.

Father: Lewis Jones, age 32, of St. Elizabeth, Mo., born in Missouri, Occupation: Section foreman

Mother: Florence Green, age 27

Number of children of this mother now living: 6

Attending Physician: S. E. Gaston

TAKEN FROM AN INTERVIEW WITH EARL W. JONES:

The son of a railroad worker, Earl Weldon Jones was born in Hoecker, Mo. The town no longer exists because it was built to service the families of the railroad workers.

His first four or five grades of school were in Summerfield, Maries Co.; then he went to Freeburg, Osage Co. until his freshman year in high school. He graduated from high school in Belle on 18 May 1945.

He joined the Army within 10 days after graduating and he was inducted at Jefferson Barracks, St. Louis, Mo. on 30 May 1945. He went to Camp Livingston, LA for basic training, came home for a 20 day leave in October, and then went to Camp Pickett, VA. A few days later boarded the USS West Point, headed for Germany on 17 Nov 1946. He landed in France at Camp Pall Mall, where he stayed for 5 days. Then they travelled on the 40 and 8 (a boxcar that would hold 40 men or 8 horses), eventually ending up in Mannheim, where he was assigned to the 54th Quarter Master Detachment. There they operated a mobile laundry facility in which prisoners were used for much of the labor. He was assigned there for eleven months before returning to the states, through Bremerhaven, where he was discharged at the separation center at Ft. Sheridan, Il. on 2 Nov 1946.

Earl had been dating Pauline Breuer through high school and when he returned to Belle from Germany they made plans to get married. They were married in Belle Baptist Church on Dec 28, 1947.

Earl worked at numerous different occupations returning from the Army. Some of his endeavors included driving trucks in the clay pits of Maries and Gasconade Counties in the 1940's; owning and operating a grocery store for two years in Belle, Maries Co.; working in the lasting department of the International Shoe Factory in Belle, putting platforms and heels in womens shoes. It was while working at the Shoe Factory that he began to learn the electrical trade which would eventually become his primary income. With each additonal experience he became a more marketable asset and he eventually settled in the southeastern "bootheel" where he lived in the city of Malden until 1975. It was there that he had his first experience working at power plants, and it was that experience that eventually led him to Kentucky, where he had an opportunity to help build a power plant in Hawesville. That experience eventually led to him becoming the electrical supervisor for the Green Plant of Big Rivers Electric, near Sebree, Webster Co. Ky. for over 20 years before retiring in 1995.

Earl is a sensitive and generous man, known for always being willing to make personal sacrifices to help anybody who needs help. He loves to visit new and interesting places, frequently traveling for weekend stays at one of several timeshare facilities he purchased over the years. He enjoys hunting and fishing and likes to make things with his hands. In addition to these activities he has historically done most of the cooking for the family.

Earl married3 Pauline Virginia BREUER, daughter of Paul Albert BREUER and Genevieve Helen SWANSON, on 28 Dec 1947 in Belle, Maries, Mo. Pauline was born4 22 Dec 1929.

Second Generation

2. Lewis Dempsey JONES was born5 31 May 1893 in Osage, Mo. He died6 24 Dec 1973. Lewis married7 Florence Jeanette GREEN on 28 Dec 1916 in Vienna, Mo.

FROM BIRTH CERTIFICATE: The Division of Health of Missouri, Bureau of Vital Statistics, Delayed or Special Certificate of Birth, No. 471571

Name: Lewis Dempsey Jones

Date of Birth: May 31, 1893

Race: White

Sex: Male

Birthplace: Iberia, Miller County, Missouri

Father: Isaac Lee Jones of Missouri

Mother: Rosa Bell Evans of Missouri

Affidavit signed by: Lewis D. Jones of Belle, Missouri on September 21, 1957 before Homer C. Michel, Notary Public

Supporting documents: Childs birth certificate #21690 - Mo. Health Dept, 6-16-34

Childs birth certificate #31149-B - Mo. Health Dept, 8-23-36

Affidavit by mother, Rosa B. Jones

FROM DEATH CERTIFICATE: Dept. of Public Health and Welfare, Missouri Division of Health, Certificate of Death: Registration District # 77; Primary Registration District #3016; Registrar's #682; State File #124

Name: Lewis Dempsey Jones

Sex: Male

Date and time of Death: Dec 24, 1973/ 1:00 p.m.

Race: White

Age at last Birthday: 80

Date of Birth: May 31, 1893

Place of Death: Memorial Community Hospital, Jefferson City, Missouri

Fathers Name: Lee Jones

Mothers Name: Rosie Evans

Place of burial: Southside Cemetery, Meta, Mo

Funeral Services: Jones Funeral Service, Belle, Missouri

Cause of Death: Pulmonary failure, terminal, pulmonary emphysema, fibrosis, bronchitis, years

Other significant conditions: Hepatic dysfunction etiology not determined. Congestive heart failure. Lower extremety arterial insufficiency? Gram Neg Septicemia

Lewis Dempsy Jones married Florence Jeanette Green. Both of them were originally from Meta, Mo. They were married by Mr. Shockley, the Justice of the Peace in Vienna, Mo. and the marraige lasted for 54 years. They moved to Belle in 1942. Lewis worked for and retired from the Rock Island Railroad.

Reprint of the letter of resignation for Lewis D. Jones:

Belle, Missouri

January 9, 1960

Mr. J.F.Orlomoski,Supt.

Kansas City, Kans.

You will please consider this letter as my resignation, effective 12:01 AM January 9, 1960 and I hereby relinquish all rights to return to the service of the Chicago Rock Island and Pacific Railroad Co. in any capacity.

I am making application for my annuity under the Railroad Retirement Act, effective January 9, 1960.

My social security number is 708-14-6514, Identity number. 32601, Location, Belle, Missouri

Missouri-Kansas Division (Signed) Lewis D. Jones

FROM FAMILY RECORDS:

A letter dated Jan. 26, 1960 from Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad Company, acknowledging his request for retirement benefits, is among family papers. His retirement file number was D-200385.

FROM FAMILY RECORDS: A copy of Form No. 145, Certificate of Discharge from Military Service is in the family records for Louis Jones of Meta, Osage County, Missouri, whose serial number was 606 was discharged on 7 Aug 1917. Reason given for his discharge was "that such person was the husband of a dependent wife"

There is also another form titled "Notice of call and to appear for Physical Examination" addressed to Louis Jones of Meta Missouri, serial number 606, order #49. It orders him to appear on the 7th day of August, 1917 for military duty.

Apparently married men did not have to serve!

3. Florence Jeanette GREEN was born8 28 Dec 1898 in Meta, Mo.. She died 7 Feb 1970 in Belle, Maries, Mo.

TAKEN FROM BIRTH CERTIFICATE: The Division of Health of Missouri, Bureau of Vital Statistics, Delayed or Special Certificate of Birth, No. 470217

Name: Florence Jeanette Green

Date of Birth: Dec 28, 1898

Race: White

Sex: F

Birthplace: Iberia, Miller, Mo.

Father: Jefferson Davis Green of Missouri

Mother: Mary Ann Means of Indiana

Affidavit signed by: Florence J. Jones of Belle, Mo. on May 28, 1957 before J. L. Birdsong, Notary Public

Supporting data: Family Records; Record of W. E. Garstand, O.D., Belle, Mo; affidavit by Uncle Genn means

FROM THE JOURNAL OF JEFFERSON DAVIS GREEN: "Flornce Jenettie Green was born December 28th, 1898"

Florence Green's spent her early years in Meta, Mo. Her husband, Lewis D. Jones, worked for Rock Island Railroad as a section foreman and eventually retired from that job. Florence and Lewis moved from Meta to Hoecker, a railroad town which no longer exists, in the mid-1920's. Hoecker was located in the northeast part of Miller Co. approximately one mile east of where the Rock Island RR crosses out of Cole County and on the south side of the Osage river. In about 1931 or 32 they moved to Belle, in Maries Co. In about 1937 or 1938 they moved to Freeburg, in Osage Co., after Lewis was successful in making a bid to get a better section of track to Maintain.

In early 1942 the family moved once again to Belle when Lewis was promoted to traveling maintenance supervisor for Rock Island. They retired here and stayed for the remainder of their lives.

On the day of her death Florence had purchased a new vacuum cleaner and while taking the packaging out to the burn barrel she collapsed in the back yard of her home. She married Lewis Dempsey Jones on December 28, 1916 and lived with him in Belle until her death in 1970. She was 71 years old when she died and had been married for 54 years. Her death was attributed to apolexy and diabetes. At the time of her death she had 12 children, 27 grandchildren, and 10 great grandchildren. She was known throughout the community as a loveable, motherly type of person.

Third Generation

4. Isaac Lee JONES was born 30 Apr 1873. He died 7 Jul 1940. Isaac married Rosa Bell EVANS.

5. Rosa Bell EVANS was born 10 Oct 1873. She died 31 Oct 1966.

6. Jefferson Davis GREEN was born9 2 Jul 1861/1862 in Millier, Mo. He died Nov 1937 and was buried in Duncan Cemetery, near Meta, Mo. Jefferson married Mary Anna MEANS on 21 Sep 1898 in Maries, Mo.

Jefferson kept track of birth and death dates in a journal which was given to him compliments of the Von Gremp Drug Company of Dixon, Mo. The book was copyrighted 1898 by Wells & Richardson Co. He noted at the top of the first page: "rote July the 20, 1902". The second entry in Jefferson Davis Green's journal stated: "Jefferson D. Green was born July th2, 1861".

7. Mary Anna MEANS was born10 5 Jun 1879 in Indiana.

Taken from the journal of Jefferson Davis Green: "Mary Anna Green was born June th 5, 1879"

The birth certificate of Florence Jeanette Green records Mary's birthplace as "Indiana"

Fourth Generation

8. James W. JONES was born 16 Mar 1834. He died 22 Jan 1913. James married Francis BOLDEN.



9. Francis BOLDEN was born 30 Sep 1837. She died 13 Apr 1907.

10. George Washington EVANS was born 25 Dec 1851. He died 11 Feb 1920. George married Martha Jane WILLIAMS.

11. Martha Jane WILLIAMS was born 16 Jan 1850. She died 29 Jan 1913.

12. Alexander H. GREEN was born 28 Mar 1824 in Alabama. He died 9 Oct 1867 and was buried in Dick Lawson Cemetery, Miller, Mo. Alexander married Juliet Louise SHELTON.

13. Juliet Louise SHELTON was born 5 Jul 1826 in TN. She died 19 Feb 1883.

14. Jeremiah MEANS was born 11 Feb 1849 in Miami, Indiana. He died 20 Nov 1931 and was buried in Meta Cemetery, Mo. Jeremiah married Mary Jane PAULSTON.

15. Mary Jane PAULSTON was born 1864 in Miami, Indiana.

Fifth Generation

17. Nancy.

18. John A. BOLDEN Sr. was born11 before 1819.

20. Owen EVANS was born 4 May 1823. He died 29 Jan 1863. Owen married Betsy Ann BABB on 28 Jun 1846 in Mo.

21. Betsy Ann BABB was born12 12 Jan 1832. She died 1913.

22. Robert J. "Bob" WILLIAMS was born 13 Nov 1818. He died 26 Apr 1882. Robert married Rebecca Bird BARNHART.

23. Rebecca Bird BARNHART was born 10 Nov 1829. She died 24 Apr 1900.

24. James R. GREEN was born 1792 in Virginia. He died 22 May 1862. James married Susan ROWDEN.

25. Susan ROWDEN was born 1792 in Virginia. She died 9 Jun 1854.

26. William Allen SHELTON was born 12 Dec 1798 in Rockingham, NC. He died 29 Jun 1857 in Miller, MO and was buried in Shelton Cemetery, MO. William married Lavina CUNNINGHAM.

27. Lavina CUNNINGHAM was born 4 Feb 1844. She died13 1854 and was buried in Shelton Cemetery, MO.

Information from Green Family Bible

28. Edward MEANS was born 6 Mar 1820 in Everett, Bedford, PA. He married Mary POWELL.

29. Mary POWELL was born 2 Apr 1826 in Converse, Miami, Indiana.

Sixth Generation

42. Caleb BABB was born 4 Feb 1798 in Greene, TN. He died 8 Aug 1871 in Osage, MO. Caleb married Sarah (Sally) SEATON on 3 Aug 1819 in Horse Creek, Greene, TN.

43. Sarah (Sally) SEATON was born 22 Oct 1802 in Chuckey, Greene, TN. She died 29 Sep 1871 in Linn, Osage, MO.

46. Abraham BARNHART was born 1800 in Horsecreek, Greene, TN. He died 28 Jun 1880 in Osage, MO. Abraham married Mary Ann WHITE.

47. Mary Ann WHITE was born 1809 in VA. She died about 1875 in Osage, MO.



52. Elijah F. SHELTON was born 4 Jun 1769 in Pittsylvania, VA. He died 4 Jun 1849 in Decatur, IN from Influenza and was buried in Milford Cemetery, Decatur, IN. Elijah married Viola YATES.

1803 - Elijah, and brother John, sold their portion of inherited lands to their brother, Josiah, when they lived in Rockingham county, North Carolina. SOURCE: Pittsylvania county, VA land deed recorded on January 16th, 1804. (SEE LAND RECORDS UNDER MISC. RECORDS ON MAIN PAGE)

Note: Elijah is listed in the 1830 & 1840 Decatur county Indiana census. In the 1830 census Elijah is referred to as Sr. He is listed as " Sheldon " .

Note: 1849 - AIS Mortality schedule shows Elijah died in Decatur county, Indiana at the age of 80 in the month of June. Cause of death reads: Infl Lung.

53. Viola YATES was born about 1767 in NC.

56. Edward MEANS (OR MCMANES) was born 1794 in Ireland. He married Elizabeth HIXON on 1818.

57. Elizabeth HIXON was born 1798 in Ireland.

58. Lemuel Uriah POWELL was born Oct 1806 in Kentucky, Kentucky. He died 7 Mar 1867 in Howard, Indiana. Lemuel married Sarah MILLER on 5 Oct 1825 in Fayette, Ohio.

59. Sarah MILLER was born 11 Jul 1808 in Ohio. She died 24 Mar 1894 in Converse, Howard, Indiana.

Seventh Generation

84. Thomas BABB was born 17 Mar 1758 in Hopewell, Fredrick, Va. He died about 1845 in Greene, TN. Thomas married Martha EWING on 10 May 1785 in Fredrick, Va.

85. Martha EWING was born about 1762 in Fredrick, Va. She died after 1802.

86. Benjamin SEATON married Mary Elizabeth BIRD.

87. Mary Elizabeth BIRD.

92. Conrad BARNHART was born about 1750 in Germany. He died after 14 Apr 1828 in Greene, TN. Conrad married Barbara G'FELLER.

Conrad Barnhart b 1750, Germany, m abt 1778 Barbara GeFellers, (dau ofAdam GeFellers and Mary Magdalena Huber) d aft apr 1828. Conrad died 1828,Greene Co Tn, will dated 14 Apr 1828. Conrad a Palantine, age 24 landed in Penn.Aug 15 1774 on the Snow Sally, a German/Swiss ship. Conrad signed anindenture with Aaron Marston of Eastown Twp, Chester Co PA, but later ran away,Conrad joined the Revolution in Cumberland Co PA, and was a Private in CaptainSealer's Co, 1st Battalion, Militia. He was still in the militia in Apr 1771 and heresidence was E Pennsboro Twp, Cumberland Co. PA. Conrad married abt 1778Barbara GeFellers, dau of Adam GeFellers and Mary Magdalene Huber, dau ofJacob/ Anna Huber GeFellers. They were probably living in the Shenandoah Valley VAin 1780. Conrad and Barbara were in Greene Co TN as early as 12 May 1795 whenhe purchased land from Andrew Fox.

Conrad Barnhart and Barbara G'fellers are listed in the book 'Sevier County Tennessee and its heritage', 1994, Pg. 258. It indicates they had 16 children but only named Mary "Polly".

93. Barbara G'FELLER was born about 1766 in Prob. Lancaster, PA. She died about 1848 in Greene, TN.

104. William SHELTON Sr was born 4 Mar 1734/1735. He died Feb 1794 in Pittsylvania, VA. William married Hannah YATES.

105. Hannah YATES was born about 1743. She died after 1803 in Henderson Co., KY.

116. Thomas Warbington (Wurburton) POWELL was born 1 Nov 1749 in Ingatestone, Essex, England. He died 1835 in Near Lebanon, Boone, Indiana. Thomas married Naomi AYRES on 1805 in Kent of Wythe, VA.



117. Naomi AYRES was born 1753 in Ingatestone, Essex, England.

Eighth Generation

168. Phillip BABB was born 26 Aug 1731 in Bethel Twp., Chester, PA. He died 19 Jan 1813 in Greene, TN. Phillip married Mary PERKINS on 1752 in Winchester, Fredrick, Va.

Philip died 19 Jan 1813 and is buried in the BABB Cemetery in Greenville, TN. As he did not name his children in his will, there has been some confusion in the research. There are records in the Hopewell Monthly Meeting which give births for children SARAH, JOSEPH and THOMAS. Then son SETH gave his birth date in his pension records; in addition he was disowned by the Quakers in 1779 along with his mother Mary and sister Phoebe for joining the Methodists. Then in 1784 the Quaker records show a request of Phillip Babb's children PHILIP, STEPHEN, MARY, ELIZABETH and TAMAR for a certificate to New Garden, NC MM. The next month the Friends of New Garden stated they were not willing to accept the above children. "Source: Babb Famililes of American by Jean A. Sargent"

In 1785 Philip purchased land in Greene Co., NC. In 1787 Philip sent a recommendation from Frederick Co., VA stating: " Frederick Co., Virginia. To all Whome it May consarn. We whose name are under written do Certify that PHILIP BABB and his family, has lived in this County for a Number of years and hath behaved them Selves as Peaceable People with their Nibors and honest in their dealings with all men as far as we know or believe until they moved them Selves to North Carolina to witness where of we have hereunto set our Names this 14 Day of July 1787. Signed by: " 18 neighbors including brother PETER BABB.""

Meanwhile in 1790, 7th month 5th day, the Hopewell MM records of VA state: "This meeting is informed that PHILIP BABB'S children - PHILIP, STEPHEN, MARY, ELIZABETH and TAMAR, removed with their parents within the verge of Westfld M.M. in North Carolina and had no certificates and several of them since gone out in marriage. Richard Ridgway and James Steer are appointed to write to that meeting requesting their assistance in treating with those who have misconducted, also some information concerning the others and report when ready."

169. Mary PERKINS was born 13 Dec 1730 in Fredrick, Va. She died 1792 in Greene, TN.

186. Adam Abraham G'FELLER was born14 1732 in Limestone Co. AL. He married Magdalene HUBER.

187. Magdalene HUBER.

208. Crispin SHELTON was born 1 Apr 1713. He died 29 Oct 1787. Crispin married Letitia BEUFORD on 1734 in Middlesex, VA.

209. Letitia BEUFORD was born about 1713.

210. John YATES III was born about 1715 in Nansemond, VA. He died before Apr 1778 in Pittsylvania, VA. John married Elizabeth.

211. Elizabeth was born about 1718 in VA. She died before 21 Sep 1795 in Pittsylvania, VA.

232. Thomas Warbington (Wurburton) POWELL was born 1723 in Ingatestone, Essex, England.

Ninth Generation

336. Thomas BABB was born about 1697 in Wilmington, New Castle, DE. He died 1 Oct 1760 in Winchester, Fredrick, VA. Thomas married Sarah FOULKE on 26 Jun 1729 in Wilmington, DE.

Not long after his marriage there was a movement of Quakers from Pennsylvania to Frederick County, Virginia. Thomas went with these Quakers and was one of the founding fathers of the Hopewell Monthly Meeting north of Winchester in Frederick County. This was in 1734. His father had a land grant of 600 acres on Apple Pie Ridge, near Babb's Run, northwest of Winchester. Thomas settled there and was joined by his brother, Phillip. At his father's death they inherited this land.

Thomas died 11/04/1760. His will was proved 11/04/1760. He left the home place to his son, Sampson, and other bequest to his other children. His wife, not being mentioned, is believed to have already died.



The first lovely old home belonging to Thomas was called "The Great Marsh Plantation", now known as The Babb-Purcell-Janney House. It dates to 1735. Great Marsh is located on the north side of route 673 between route 522 and the Apple Pie Ridge Road in Frederick, Virginia. The second home named "The Brick House" is a lovely old brick mansion and dates also to 1735. It is located west of the Apple Pie Ridge Road and south of route 672 on Babb's Run. This is also in Frederick, Virginia.

337. Sarah FOULKE was born 1708 in Bethel Twp., Chester, PA. She died 1764 in Winchester, Fredrick, VA.

372. Jacob GEFELLER married Anna HUBER.

373. Anna HUBER.

374. Jacob HUBER was born 1698 in Switzerland. He died 9 Jul 1759. Jacob married Anna.

375. Anna.

416. Ralph SHELTON was born 1685. He died 13 Mar 1732/1733. Ralph married Mary CRISPIN on 1706 in Middlesex, VA @ Christs Church Parish.

417. Mary CRISPIN was born about 1690 in Amelia, Va. She died 30 Jun 1750 in Middlesex, VA.

Note: ---Source:http://members.xoom.com/janicekmc/ralphsr.htm

"From VA Vital Records #1 1600-1800 (Family Tree Maker CD #174), Broderbund, pages 259-260 of "Abstracts of VA Wills of Pittsylvania Co., VA 1803-1860", printed in "The Magazine of History and Biography - The William and Mary Quarterly and Tylers Quarterly", will of Mary CLOCK, Parish of Nottoway, Amelia County, was dated 30 Jun 1750, probated 29 Aug 1770 (Mary had died in 1765). This document was witnessed by Crespen (sic) SHELTON, and John SHELTON. She named her "legitimate sons" Ralph Shelton, John Shelton, Crispen Shelton, Benjamin Shelton, James Shelton, and grandchildren Reuben Shelton and Patience Catesby BLOCKEY to whom she gave 1 shilling sterling. She gave her daughter Elizabeth DAVID (the name was actually DAVIS) the best of her wearing clothes, and her son Daniel Shelton and his heirs all the rest of her estate."

420. John YATES Sr..

Tenth Generation

672. Thomas BABB was born 1666 in Isles of Shoals, Appledore, York, ME. He died 17 Aug 1748 in Brandywine Hundr, New Castle, DE. Thomas married Bathseba HUSSEY on 1695 in Brandywine, Hundred, Del.

Apparently Thomas followed the migratory path of his father-in-law. On Dec. 17, 1695 he was conveyed 100 acres of land and 20 acres of "mash" in Rocklands by Timothy Atkinson. "Records of the Court of New Castle, DE, Vol. II, 1681-1699"

Thomas has sizeable land holding. In 1735 he obtained a Patent to 600 acres of land in Frederick Co., VA. He sent two of his sons, Thomas, Jr., and Philip to occupy the acreage and to carry out the provision of the Patent. The other sons are believed to have relocated to Chester Co., PA On Aug. 13, 1751 his will "dated Aug 17, 1748" was proved in New Castle Co., DE. He bequeathed the home place in DE to his oldest son Peter and left the VA lands to Thomas, Jr. and Philip. He made other bequests to his daughters Mary, Rebecca and Lydia, as well as to three children of his deceased daughter Hulda--John, Rebecca and Lydia Gregory

673. Bathseba HUSSEY was born 21 Sep 1671 in Hampton, New Hampshire, England. She died 3 Oct 1713 in Brandywine Hundr, New Castle, DE.

Her father and uncle Stephen became Quakers and found it desirable to leave the NH area because of persecution of Quakers there.

674. William FOULKE married Elizabeth COPE.

675. Elizabeth COPE.



Text: Steps In Time © 1997 Virginia Marin:

748. Hans HUBER was born 1670 in Switzerland. He died Oct 1750. Hans married Margaret KOCH (COOK).

749. Margaret KOCH (COOK) was born 1676 in Switzerland. She died 1745 in Earl Township, Lancaster Co., PA.

832. Peter SHELTON was born 1664. He died 1 Oct 1718. Peter married Susannah JACKSON.

833. Susannah JACKSON was born 1659. She died 1689.

834. Thomas CRISPIN married Mary LONG.

835. Mary LONG.

Eleventh Generation

1344. Philip BABB was born 1634 in Devon, England. He died 31 Mar 1671 in Isle of Shoals, Kitterly, Mass. Philip married Mary BAYLIE before 1662.

The first BABB immigrant ancestor is thought to have been Phillip Babb who settled on Hog Island, Isle of Shoals, as early as the 24th of November 1652. He signed the oath of allegience at Kittery Maine on this date. "Hog Island is now known as Appledore Island." On the 18th of March, 1653 twenty of the inhabitants of the Isle of Shoals petitioned for a court on the isles in order that their legal problems might be handled more quickly. The request was granted and the five men commissioned by the court in Boston to govern the Isle of Shoals were: Major Bryan Pendleton, Nicholas Sharpleigh, Phillip BABB, Hercules Hunkins, and Richard Seely. Phillip BABB was appointed Fishing Master and remained as a magistrate and the fishing master until his death. There are several papers on record which bear Phillip's signature and all of them show that he spelled his name with two L's. "NOTE for the signed petition: I have a copy of this petition and Phillip's signature is plainly written as Phillip Babb

1345. Mary BAYLIE was born about 1634.

1346. John HUSSEY was born 2 Feb 1635 in Lynn, Mass.. He died 1711 in New Castle, Del. John married Rebecca PERKINS on 21 Sep 1659.

John and his wife Rebecca, who were Quakers, were charged with being absent from Friends Meetings on several occasions and for working on a "fast day". He possessed somewhat of a rebellious nature, as evidenced by his refusal to take the oath of office after he was named Representative in 1692. He and Rebecca removed to New Castle, Del. where oaths were not taken, and where Quakers could live in more freedom than in New Hampshire.

John and Rebecca Hussey are ancestors of United States President Richard Milhous Nixon. His lineage is through their son John, and his son John. Nixon is then doubly descended through this John's son Record Hussey "by his first wife" and daughter Elizabeth Hussey "by his second wife". Record Hussey's daughter Lydia Griffin had a son Amos Griffin who married Edith Price, the daughter of Elizabeth Hussey. Their daughter Elizabeth married a Milhous, and their son Franklin was Nixon's grandfather.

1347. Rebecca PERKINS was born 1642 in Rockingham, NH. She died before 1707 in New Castle, Del.

1664. Sir John SHELTON was born 1620. He died 1716. John married Margery WYATT.

1665. Margery WYATT was born 1622. She died 10 Apr 1655.

Twelfth Generation

2688. Phillip BABB was born 1608 in St. Dunstan, England. He died 1655. Phillip married Mary.

2689. Mary.

2692. Christopher Yoeman HUSSEY was born 18 Feb 1599 in Dorking, Surreyshire, England. He died 6 Mar 1686. Christopher married Theodate BACHILER about 1632.

He was a deacon, Captain of Militia, Member of the Royal Council of New Hampshire, Member of the Massachusetts General Court, Moderator, and one of the purchasers of Nantucket Island. He was also a landed proprietor of Hampton, New Hampshire, and of Nantucket, Mass. Christopher Hussey was born in England and died in Hampton, New Hampshire.

First Deacon of the Hampton "now Congregational" Church. His father-in- law, Stephen Bachiler, was its first pastor. He was a captain in the militia and a magistrate, town clerk, selectman and representative. When New Hampshire was made a royal province, he was one of the councillors named in the royal commission.

Former President Richard Milhous Nixon was both a 9th and a 10th generation descendant of Christopher Hussey.

"The Batchelor Family News-Journal,2 Vol. 2, No. 1, Pg. 10, Oct. 1971. P.O. Box 416, Dunellen, N.J.

"The American Genealogist,2 April 1970 & April 1971, by Prof. Raymond M. Bell, Washington & Jefferson College, Washington, PA.

Noyes/Libby/Davis, "Genealogical Dictionary of Maine and New Hampshire,2 "1979", Pg. 364.

Dow, 3History of Hampton, N.H.2 "3rd Printing, June 1977", pgs. 759-760, # II.

Roberts, 3Ancestors of American Presidents,2 "1995", pg. 306.

Schwartztrauber, "Stewart and Related Families," pgs. 647-49, S. Archie Schwartztrauber, 1995.

2693. Theodate BACHILER was born about 1590 in Wherwell, Hampshire, England. She died 20 Oct 1649 in Hampton, Rockingham, NH.

2694. Isaac PERKINS married Susannah WISE.

2695. Susannah WISE.

3328. William SHELTON was born 1594. He married Isabella SUHAN.

3329. Isabella SUHAN was born 1596.

3330. Thomas WYATT was born 4 Mar 1601/1602. He married Mrs. Thomas WYATT.

3331. Mrs. Thomas WYATT was born 1600.

13. Generation

5376. Thomas BABB was born about 1570. He married Ann.

5377. Ann.

5384. John HUSSEY was born 1570 in Dorking, Surreyshire, England. He died 24 Jul 1632 in Dorking, Surreyshire, England. John married Mary WOOD on 12 May 1593.

The Genealogical and Family History of the State of Maine, 1907. The first authentic account we have of the current family is the record of John Hussey and Mary Wood, December 5, 1593, when they both were of Dorking, Surrey, England, and were persons of good position and of moderate estate in lands. John Hussey died in England, leaving a widow and children. Of the latter the records are meagre, but there is known to have been a son John, who died young, a son Christopher and one or more daughters of whom we have no authentic account.

Another source, a Hussey genealogy chart provided by a Hussey descendant, Dorothy Carter of Waynesville, OH, in 1992, John Hussey died in Dorking on 5 Feb 1630.



The above information is quoted from the quarterly "Historic Nantucket", volume 27, Oct. 1979, No. 2.

J. William Bardoe, Director of Research, English Genealogical Research, Guildford, Surrey, furnished the entries below, some of which he rechecked for accuracy, and stated that the registers of the adjacent parishes of Abinger and Sheir "Shera" do not contain Hussey entries prior to 5th 12. 1593. Neither do the Richmond Parish Registers reveal anything pertinent to the ancestry of Christopher Hussey.

DORKING PARISH REGISTERS, CO. SURREY, ENGLAND 1503-1780. MARRIAGES: 25th 9. 1569, John Wood & Joane Taylor; 5th 12. 1593*, John Hussey & Marie Wood. BAPTISMS: 28th 6. 1562, John Wood, son of John Wood "senior" and Audrey, his wife; 5th 5. 1581, Sara Wood, daughter of John Wood "junior"; 9th 7. 1581, Marie Wood, granddaughter of John Wood "senior"; 30th 8. 1584, Elias Wood, son of John Wood "junior"; 3rd 10. 1588, Martha Wood, daughter of John Wood "junior"; 29th 4. 1596, John Hussey, first child of John Hussey and Marie Wood; 18th 2. 1598, Christopher Hussey, second child of John Hussey and Marie Wood; 31st 1. 1601, Marie Hussey, third child of John Hussey and Marie Wood. BURIALS: 1581, Marie Wood, daughter of John Wood "senior"; 1586, Joane Wood, daughter of John Wood "senior"; 8th 11. 1597, John Hussey, son of John Hussey and Marie Wood; 18th 2. 1603, Audrey, wife of John Wood "senior"; 5th 4. 1612, John Wood "senior"; 24th 5. 1632, John Hussey, aged 74.

*Between 1582 and 1752, March was the first month of the year. The 12th month, therefore, was February, which brought about double dating. 5th 12. 1593, for example, should read 5th February 1593/4, or February 5, 1593/4

5385. Mary WOOD was born in Dorking, Surreyshire, England. She died 16 Jun 1660 in Hampton, Rockingham, NH.

Baptism 3/10/1588, Dorking Parish, County Surrey, England

5386. Reverend Stephen BACHILER was born 23 Jun 1561 in Wherwell, Hampshire, England. He died 1656 in London, England and was buried 31 Oct 1656 in Allhallows Staining Church Cemetery, London. Stephen married Ann BATE on 1590.

There appears to be numerous spellings of his surname: "Batchiler, Bachiler, Batchelor, Bachelor". Grolier Encyclopedia uses the spelling as Bachiler, so this is the one I will use.

Stephen was the founder of Hampton, N. H., in 1638. He emigrated to the Colonies in 1632 on the "William and Francis." His first residence was in Lynn "then Saugus", Mass. Of his known children, only Theodate and Deborah came to New England. He had 4 wives, but his first wife was the mother of all of his 6 children.

Richard Milhous Nixon, 37th President of the U. S., was both a 10th and an 11th generation descendant of Rev. BACHILER.

Gerald Rudolph Ford, Jr., 38th President of the U. S., is a 13th generation descendant of Rev. BACHILER.

"The Great Migration Begins," pgs. 61 - 69, Robert Charles Anderson "NEHGS", Boston 1995.

"The Batchelor Family News-Journal," Vol. 2, No. 1 Pg. 10, Oct. 1971. P.O. Box 416, Dunellen, N.J.

"The American Genealogist," Apr. 1970 & Apr. 1971, Prof. Raymond M. Bell, Washington & Jefferson College, Washington, PA.

Noyes/Libby/Davis, "Genealogical Dictionary of Maine and New Hampshire," "1979", Pgs. 81-82.

"Genealogy of the Family of Samborne or Sanborn in England and America, 1194 - 1898," pgs. 7 - 57, Victor Channing Sanborn, 1898.

N.H. Genealogical Record 8:1 "1991" for info that Rev. Stephen BACHILER was buried 31 Oct 1656 in the churchyard at AllHallows' Staining in London.

"Ancestors of American Presidents," pg. 306, Gary Boyd Roberts, 1995.

Schwartztrauber, Stewart and Related Families," pgs. 647-49, S. Archie Schwartztrauber, 1995.

5387. Ann BATE was born about 1561.



5388. Isaac PERKINS married Alice.

5389. Alice.

6656. William SHELTON died 12 Dec 1583. He married Martha EMORY.

6657. Martha EMORY.

14. Generation

10768. George Hugh HUSSEY was born about 1551.

10770. John WOOD Jr. married Joane TAYLOR.

10771. Joane TAYLOR.

13312. Ralph SHELTON was born 1535. He died 3 Oct 1580. Ralph married Anne BARROW.

13313. Anne BARROW was born 1530. She died 4 Jul 1584.

15. Generation

21536. Thomas HUSSEY was born 1526 in Lived in Ashe, Yorkshire, England. He married Bridget BOWES.

21537. Bridget BOWES.

Text: HUSSEY of Sleaford & Homington, Lincolnshire, page 561 of Jean A. Sargent's "Babb Families of America"

21540. John WOOD married Audrey.

21541. Audrey.

26624. John SHELTON was born about 1504. He died 15 Nov 1558. John married Margaret PARKER.

26625. Margaret PARKER was born 1500.

26626. Thomas BARROW was born about 1525 in Shipdenham, Norfolk. He died 1590. Thomas married Mary BURES.

Children

1. Anne BARROW b: in Newton, co Suffolk

2. Henry BARROW

3. Thomas BARROW

4. John BARROW

5. Edward BARROW

6. Bridget BARROW

7. Elizabeth BARROW

8. Mary BARROW

9. William BARROW b: 1550

Sources:



1.Title: Visitation of Norfolk 1563

Author: William Harvey, Clarenceaux King of Arms

Publication: Norwich: Printed Miller and Leaving 1878, Vol 1 and 2 ; Norfolk Record Society

Note: Also is in Harleian Soc collection too.

Repository:

Note: FHL

Call Number: 962.61 D23 ha

Media: Book

Page: p 114

Text: No date or location given. She was the daughter of William Goodrick of Kirkbie co Linc

2.Title: Visitation of Norfolk 1563

Author: William Harvey, Clarenceaux King of Arms

Publication: Norwich: Printed Miller and Leaving 1878, Vol 1 and 2 ; Norfolk Record Society

Note: Also is in Harleian Soc collection too.

Repository:

Note: FHL

Call Number: 962.61 D23 ha

Media: Book

Page: p 114

Text: No date or location given.

26627. Mary BURES was born Jan 1528/1529. She died 1590.

16. Generation

43072. Sir Giles DE HUSSEY was born 1505 in Caythorpe, Kent, England. He married Jane PIGOT.

Children

1. Francis HUSSEY

2. Alice HUSSEY

3. Elizabeth HUSSEY

4. Thomas HUSSEY b: 1526

Knighted by the Earl of Surrey at the Sacking of Morloix in France 1522

GEN: GIVN Giles

GEN: SURN HUSSEY

GEN: "Knights of England", vol II, p 45 lists: Giles Hussey - 1523, July1Knights

GEN: made by the Lord Admiral after taking of Morlaix "for theirhardnessand

GEN: courage". He was probably about 18 at this time. Bravery,family,standing,

GEN: etc. counted more than a mature age.

GEN: Over the years, many Husseys of England and Ireland wereknighted.Half

GEN: brother, William was knighted in 1513.

GEN: According to the Lincolnshire Pedigrees; Sir Giles HusseyofCaythorpe, Knight,

GEN: knighted by the Earl of surrey at the Sacking of Morlaix inFrance1522.

GEN: PEDI birth

43073. Jane PIGOT.

43074. Richard BOWES.

53248. John SHELTON was born about 1472. He died 21 Dec 1539. John married Anne BOLEYN.

53249. Anne BOLEYN was born 18 Nov 1475. She died Dec 1556.

53250. Henry PARKER was born 1513. He died 9 Jan 1551/1552. Henry married Grace NEWPORT.

53251. Grace NEWPORT was born 1517.

53252. Thomas BARROW married Margaret GOODRICK.

53253. Margaret GOODRICK.

17. Generation

86144. John DE HUSSEY Baron of Sleford was born 1466 in Sleaford, Lincoln, England. He died 1537 in Lincoln, England. John married Lady Anne DEGRAY.

Children

1. Thomas HUSSEY

2. Bridget HUSSEY

3. Anne HUSSEY

4. Elizabeth HUSSEY

5. Dorothy HUSSEY

6. Mary HUSSEY

7. Giles HUSSEY b: ABT 1505 in of Caythorpe,Lincoln,England

Name: HUSSEY, John Baron, Sir - Sex: Male

Birth: 1466 at of Sleaford, Lincoln, England

Christening: at

Death: 27 Aug 1537 at

Burial: at

Baptism: at

Endowment: at

Sealed to Parents: at

Spouses:

1.X Grey, Ann - born: ABT 1490 @ England

Individual Sources

See Historical Document.

Individual History

GIVN John Baron SURN HUSSEY Source: Compiled by Dora Davenport Jones, deceased. Furnished by Jean A. Sargent, 12217 Shadetree Lane, Montpelier, Laurel, MD 20708. The genealogy and notes from Sir John to John Hussey, born 1572, are based on Ms Jones' information, which is contained in an unpublished manuscript entitled:_______________L I N E A G E_______________From the VIKINGS = NORSEMEN = NORMANS to Englandwith WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR to the BARONS WHO WERE MAGNA CHARTA SURETIES to the first emigrant ancestor CHRISTOPHER HUSSEY____________________to the New England Colonies in America ca 1630down to the Present Time = 1973andAllied families, including the Royalty and Nobility of Europe and the British Isles, to Charlemagne, Alfred the Great and others A great deal has been written concerning the political activities of Sir John Hussey during the reign of Henry VIII and even though all data were abstracted from original court records, some details vary slightly. He fought on the king's side at Stokes in 1486 and became comptroller of the royal household. Hussey received large grants of land in Lincolnshire and neighboring counties, became one of the council, master of the king's wards, knight of the body, and took 340 men to the French War in 1513, when he was one of the commanders in the rear guard. He was employed on various diplomatic missions, and was sent as envoy to the emporor after the Field of Cloth of Gold. John Hussey was amoung those knighted at the battle of Blackheath, Jun17,1497. He was made a 'Knight Banneret', possibly at the Battle of Spurs, in France on 16 Aug. 1513. A banneret had the privilege of leading his retainers to battle under his own flag. They ranked at the next order below Knights of the Garter providing they were created by the king on the field of battle.In 1521 he was made chief butler of England. In 1529 he was summoned by writ to the House of Lords as 'Johannes Hussey de sleford, chivaler'. Hewas a signatory to the document sent from England begging the papal sanction to Henry VIII's divorce from Catherine of Arragon, and was one of those at the queens trial who gave evidence as to her previous marriage with Prince Arthur. He was appointed in 1533 chamberlain to the illegitimized "Princess" Mary, and his allegiance to her father seems about the same time to have begun to waver. On the outbreak of the Lincolnshire rebellion, known as the Pilgriamage of Grace, in the autumn of 1536, Hussey seemed to remain firm in his allegiance to the King. Lord Hussey had been able to bring in his tenants to fight for the king when he had been ordered to do so. He was accused of making no effort to raise men to put down the rebellion, and the king accused him of being a traitor when he refused to tell the names of the men behind the rebellion. He was tried with Lord Darcy at Westminster on 15 May1537.Cromwell offered him a pardon if he would furnish particulars concerning the rebellion and he said he could not do so. There is a difference of opinion as to where he was executed -- Sleaford or Tyburn, and as to whether he was hunor beheaded. In a history of "The Earlier Tudors; by Mackie, it is related that Hussey was beheaded in Lincoln. After John Hussey was attainted of treason and executed, his manor of Sleford,with other lands to the value of five thousand pounds per annum were confiscated, and barony forfeited. His childred were, however, afterwards restored in parliament the 5th year of the reign of Queen Elizabeth(1563);but neither his estates nor the title were granted to his heirs. According to the Lincolnshire Pedigrees, Sir John Hussey of Sleaford,Knight,1st son and heir; Sheriff of county Lincoln 9 Henry 7; aet. 30 at his father's death; Knight of the King;s Body 5 Henry 8; Chief Butler of England 13 Henry 8; summoned to Parliament 3 Nov 21 Henry 8, 1529; attained and beheaded at Lincoln 29 June 29 Henry 8, 1537; his children restored in blood only 5 Eliz.,1562.

Submitter for lo000064: Melissa LOMAX-LEBEAU , 1000 N. LBJ F1 , San Marcos, TX 78666 USA , Phone 512 245-3542 , FAX none , Email: ml35035@swt.edu, Locator: ml35035@swt.edu

Copyright 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999 Kindred Konnections, Inc. All rights reserved.

86145. Lady Anne DEGRAY was born 1490 in Kent, England. She died after 1537 and was buried before 11 Feb 1544.



In 1536 she was sent to the Tower for calling the 'illegitimized' Mary (daughter of Henry VIII by his divorced wife Catherine of Arragon) 'princess'. Henry's reason: he did not want a female heir to the thown.

86146. Thomas PIGOT was born in Clotherham, York, England.

106498. William BOLEYN was born 1449 in Blickling, Norfolk, England. He died 10 Oct 1505 in Hever, Kent, England. William married Margaret BUTLER.

Children

1. Anne Boleyn b: 1475

2. Thomas Boleyn b: 1477

3. John Boleyn b: ABT 1481

4. Anthony Boleyn b: ABT 1483

5. Jane (Anne) (Amy) Boleyn b: ABT 1485

6. Alice Boleyn b: ABT 1487

7. Margaret Boleyn (Bullen) b: ABT 1489

8. William Boleyn b: ABT 1491

9. James Boleyn b: ABT 1493

10. Edward Boleyn b: ABT 1495

106499. Margaret BUTLER was born 1465 in London, Middlesex, England. She died 1537.

106504. Richard BARROW was born in Winthorp, Lincoln.

Children

1. Thomas BARROW

2. John BARROW

3. Catherine BARROW

4. Jane BARROW

18. Generation

172288. Sir William DE HUSSEY died 8 Sep 1495 and was buried in Sempringham. He married Elizaboth BERKELEY.

M.P. for Grantham 1467, Att'y Gen., 6/16/1471, Sgt-at-Law 10/14/1477, Ch. Justice of King's Bench 5/7/1481.

172289. Elizaboth BERKELEY.

172290. George DEGRAY Earl of Kent was born 1454. He married Catherine HERBERT.

Text: Ancestral Connections of Hussey Line to 420 AD, page 560, Babb Families of America by Jean A. Sargent, Genealogist.

172291. Catherine HERBERT.

212996. Geoffrey BOLEYN was born 1406 in Blickling, Norfolk, England. He died 1462 in London, Middlesex, England. Geoffrey married Anne HOO.



212997. Anne HOO was born about 1410 in Blickling, Norfolk, England.

Children

1. Alice Boleyn b: ABT 1438

2. Ann Boleyn b: ABT 1440

3. Isabel Boleyn b: ABT 1440

4. Cecily Boleyn b: ABT 1442

5. Thomas Boleyn b: 1444

6. Simon Boleyn b: ABT 1447

7. William Boleyn b: ABT 1449

8. Elizabeth Boleyn b: 1459

Marriage 2 T. Fines

Married: ABT 1450

212998. Thomas Le BUTLER was born 1426. He died 1515. Thomas married Anne HANKEFORD.

Marriage 1 Anne Hankeford b: 1428/1431

Married: BEF 11 JUL 1445

Children

1. Anne Le Botiller b: 1462

2. Margaret Butler b: 1465

Marriage 2 Lora Berkeley

Married: BEF NOV 1946

212999. Anne HANKEFORD was born 1428. She died 1485.

19. Generation

344576. John DE HUSSEY of old Sleaford was born 1440. He married Elizabeth NESFIELD.

344577. Elizabeth NESFIELD.

344578. Thomas BERKELEY.

344580. Edmond DEGRAY Earl of Kent was born 1416 in England. He married Catherine DEPERCY.

344581. Catherine DEPERCY.

425992. Geoffrey BULLEN (BOLEYN) Sir Knight was born 1380 in Blickling, Norfolk, England. He died 25 Mar 1440 in Salle, Norfolk, England and was buried in Salle Church, Salle, Norfolk, England. Geoffrey married Alice BRACTON.

425993. Alice BRACTON was born 1405 in Salle, Norfolk, England.

425994. Baron Thomas HOO was born 1396 in Bedfordshire, England. He died 13 Feb 1454. Thomas married Elizabeth ECHINGHAM.



425995. Elizabeth ECHINGHAM was born 1404.

425996. James "the White Earl" le BUTLER Earl of Ormond was born 1392. He died 1452. James married Joan BEAUCHAMP Countess of Ormond.

Children

1. James Butler b: 1420

2. Elizabeth Butler b: ABT 1420

3. John le Butler b: ABT 1424

4. Thomas le Butler b: 1426

425997. Joan BEAUCHAMP Countess of Ormond was born 1396. She died 1430.

425998. Sir Knight Richard HANKFORD was born 1380. He married Anne MONTAGU in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England.

425999. Anne MONTAGU was born 1384.

20. Generation

689152. William HUSSEY married LUMBLEY.

689153. LUMBLEY.

689160. Sir John DEGRAY was born about 1390. He married Constance HOLAND.

689161. Constance HOLAND.

851984. Thomas BULLEN (BOLEYNE) was born 1350 in Salle, Norfolk, England. He married Jane BRACTON about 1375 in Salle, Norfolk, England.

Children

1. William Bullen b: ABT 1376 in of Blickling &,Salle,Norfolk,England

2. John Bullen b: ABT 1378 in of Blickling &,Salle,Norfolk,England

3. Geoffrey (Bullen) Boleyn b: ABT 1380 in of,Blickling,Norfolk,England

851985. Jane BRACTON was born about 1354 in Salle, Norfolk, England.

851986. John BRACTON was born about 1324 in Norfolk, England. He married Mrs. BRACTON.

851987. Mrs. BRACTON was born about 1328 in Norfolk, England.

851988. Sir Knight Thomas HOO was born 1366. He married Elanore de FELTON.

851989. Elanore de FELTON was born 1350 in Litcham, Norfolk, England. She died before 1393.

851990. Sir Knight William de ECHINGHAM was born 1376 in Sussex, England. He died 20 Mar 1412 in Sussex, England. William married Joan FITZ ALAN (ARUNDEL).

Children

1. Thomas Echingham b: ABT 1368

2. Elizabeth Echingham b: ABT 1376

3. Elizabeth Echingham b: ABT 1404

4. Joan de Echingham b: ABT 1411

Marriage 2 Joan de Thorpe

Married: ABT 1406

851991. Joan FITZ ALAN (ARUNDEL) was born 1360. She died 1404.

851994. William BEAUCHAMP Baron of Bertevenny was born 1358. He died 1411. William married Joan FITZ ALAN on 1396 in Abargavenny, Monmouthshire, England.

Children

1. Richard de Beauchamp b: 1381

2. Joan Beauchamp b: ABT 1396

3. Elizabeth Beauchamp b: ABT 1400

851995. Joan FITZ ALAN was born 1372.

851996. William HANCHFORD was born 1353.

Children

1. Jane Hanchford or Hanksford b: ABT 1379 in of Holway,Devonshire,Eng.

2. Richard Hankford b: 1380 in

851998. John MONTAGU (MONTACUTE) Earl of Salisbury was born 1350. He died 1399. John married Maude FRANCIS.

851999. Maude FRANCIS was born 1360. She died 5 Aug 1424.

Children

1. Margaret Montagu (Montacute) (Montague) b: ABT 1376

2. Anne Montagu b: ABT 1384

3. Robertus (Montacute) Montagu b: BEF 1385

4. Elizabeth Montagu b: ABT 1385

5. Thomas Montagu (Montacute) b: 1388

6. Richard Montagu b: ABT 1389

Marriage 2 John Aubrey

Married: in of,London,London,England

Marriage 3 Alan Boxhull

Married: in of,London,London,England

21. Generation

1378322. John HOLAND was born about 1360. He married Elizabeth PLANTEGENET.

1378323. Elizabeth PLANTEGENET.



Text: Ancestral Connections of Hussey Line to 420 AD, page 560, Babb Families of America by Jean A. Sargent, Genealogist.

1703968. John BULLEN (BOLEYNE) was born about 1300.

1703976. William HOO was born 1342. He married Alice de SAINT OMER.

1703977. Alice de SAINT OMER was born 1344.

1703978. Sir Thomas de FELTON was born 1342.

1703980. William ECHINGHAM was born 1333 in Sussex, England. He died 18 Jan 1388 in Sussex, England. William married Elizabeth CRIOL.

1703981. Elizabeth CRIOL was born 1334 in Sussex, England.

1703982. John FITZ ALAN (ARUNDEL) married Eleanor MALTRAVERS.

1703983. Eleanor MALTRAVERS was born 1346 in Sussex, England. She died 10 Jan 1404 and was buried 13 Jan 1404 in Priory, Lewes, Sussex, England.

1703990. Richard FITZ ALAN was born 1346. He died 1397. Richard married Elizabeth DE BOHUN.

Children

1. Elizabeth FitzAlan b: 1366

2. Richard FitzAlan b: ABT 1368

3. William FitzAlan b: ABT 1370

4. Joan FitzAlan b: ABT 1372

5. Margaret FitzAlan b: 1374

6. Alice FitzAlan b: ABT 1378

7. Thomas FitzAlan b: 1381

1703991. Elizabeth DE BOHUN was born 1350. She died 1385.

1703996. Baron John de MONTACUTE was born 1327 in Donyatt, Somersetshire, England. He died 25 Feb 1389 and was buried in Cathedral Salisbury, Wiltshire, England. John married Baroness Margaret de MONTHERMER.

Children

1. John Montagu (Montacute) b: 1350

2. Simon de Montagu b: ABT 1353

3. Alianora de Montagu b: ABT 1357

4. Sybil de Montagu b: ABT 1359

5. Katherine de Montagu b: ABT 1361

6. Margaret de Montagu b: ABT 1363

7. Thomas de Montagu b: ABT 1365

8. Richard de Montagu b: 1369

9. Robert de Montagu (Montacute) b: ABT 1373

1703997. Baroness Margaret de MONTHERMER was born 1329. She died 1394.

1703998. Adam FRANCIS Mayor was born 1334. He married Alice.

1703999. Alice was born 1338.

22. Generation

2756646. John of GAUNT King of England was born 28 May 1340 in St. Bavons Abby, Kent, Flanders. He died 3 Feb 1398/1399 in Probably at Liecster Castle. John married Constance of Castile.

John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, is the fourth born (and second surviving) son of Edward III, King of England, and Phillipa of Hainault. He is the most powerful man in England, his wealth and influence surpassing that of his father, as of his elder brother, Edward, the Black Prince. He was born in Ghent (on one of his mother's travels with Edward's army), thus the popular name 'of Gaunt'. Lancaster is a tall, spare, but well built man who is somewhat conservative in his politics, somewhat radical in his religion (as shown by his support of the all-but heretic, John Wycliffe).

Lancaster was first married to Blanche of Lancaster, who brought him the duchy of Lancaster as dowry, and who gave him his only legitimate son, Henry (Hal) Bolingbroke. After Blanche died during a renewed epidemic of the bubonic plague, Lancaster married Constance of Castile - Constance brought him the titular office of King of Castile. With Constance Lancaster has two daughters, both of whom have married into Spanish nobility. Constance is also dead.

Katherine of Swynford has long been Lancaster's mistress. She has given him two children, Henry and Joan Beaufort, on whom Lancaster dotes (as he dotes on their mother).

Lancaster has many residences and estates, but his principal residences include the Savoy Palace in London, and the lands and castle of Kenilworth in Warwickshire. Lancaster particularly loves Kenilworth, transforming what was once a cold and heartless fortress into a welcoming and warm home (that remains, nevertheless, impregnable).

2756647. Constance of Castile died 1394.

3407952. Thomas HOO was born 1318. He married Isabel de SAINT LEGER.

3407953. Isabel de SAINT LEGER was born 16 Jun 1320.

3407954. Sir Knight Thomas de SAINT OMER was born 1318. He married Petronilla MALMAYNS.

3407955. Petronilla MALMAYNS was born 1328 in Kent, England.

3407960. James ECHINGHAM was born about 1296 in Sussex, England. He died 1349. James married Joan.

3407961. Joan.

3407964. Richard "Copped Hat" FITZ ALAN (ARUNDEL) married Eleanor PLANTEGENET.

3407965. Eleanor PLANTEGENET was born 1215. She died 13 Apr 1275 in Montargis Abbey.

3407966. Baron John MALTRAVERS was born 1314 in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England. He died 22 Jan 1349. John married Gwenthlian or Wenthlian.

Children

1. Joan Mautravers b: ABT 1343 in of,Salisbury,Wiltshire,England

2. Eleanor Maltravers b: 1346 in of Echingham,Sussex,England

3. Henry Mautravers b: 1 JAN 1348/1349 in ,Salisbury,Wiltshire,England



3407967. Gwenthlian or Wenthlian was born 1324 in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England. She died before 1375.

3407982. William DE BOHUN Earl of Northampton was born 1312. He died 1360. William married Elizabeth de BADLESMERE on 1335 in Castle Badlesmere, Kent, England.

3407983. Elizabeth de BADLESMERE was born 1313. She died 1356.

3407992. William de MONTACUTE was born 1302 in Cassington, Oxfordshire, England. He died 30 Jan 1343 in Windsor Castle, Berkshire, England. William married Katherine de GRANDISON on 1327 in Cassington, Oxfordshire, England.

Marriage 1 Katherine de Grandison b: ABT 1304 in ,Ashford,Hertfordshire,England

Married: 1327 in of,Cassington,Oxfordshire,England

Sealing Spouse: 28 AUG 1958

Children

1. John de Montagu (Montacute) b: ABT 1327 in ,Donyatt,Somersetshire,England

2. Elizabeth de Montagu b: AFT 1327 in of,Donyatt,Somersetshire,England

3. William de Montagu b: 25 JUN 1328 in of,Salisbury,Wiltshire,England

4. Anne (Anneys) de Montagu b: ABT 1330 in of,Cassington,Oxfordshire,England

5. Sibyl de Montagu b: ABT 1330 in of,Donyatt,Somersetshire,England

6. Philippe de Montagu b: ABT 1332 in of,Salisbury,Wiltshire,England

7. Robert Montagu b: ABT 1334 in of,Shepton Montague,Somersetshire,England

Marriage 2 Alice Plantagenet

Divorced: Y

Married: in Not Married

3407993. Katherine de GRANDISON was born 1304 in Asheford, Hertfordshire, England. She died 23 Nov 1349 in Bisham, Berkshire, England.

3407994. Sir Knight Thomas MONTHERMER was born 1310. He married Margaret TIPTOFT.

Marriage 1 Margaret Tiptoft b: 1307 in

Sealing Spouse: 20 APR 1970 in SLAKE

Children

1. Margaret de Monthermer b: 1329

Marriage 2 Ann, of Quienne

3407995. Margaret TIPTOFT was born 1307.

23. Generation

5513292. EDWARD III King of England was born 13 Nov 1312 in Windsor Castle, England. He died 21 Jun 1377 in Sheen Palace, Surrey. married Phillipa of Hainault on 24 Jan 1327/1328 in York, England.

Edward III belonged to the Plantagenet Dynasty. Born in 1312, he ascended to the throne in 1327 and died in 1377. He was preceded as monarch by Edward II and was succeeded by Richard II. Gaining the throne in 1327, Edward was dominated during his minority by Mortimer and Isabella, his father's widow. Early in 1328, the king married Philippa of Hainault and two years later executed Mortimer and banished his mother. He then invaded Scotland. Initially successful in placing Edward Balliol at the head of Scotland's government, Edward then saw his king driven from the country and three attempts to restore him failed. In 1346, accompanied by his son, the Black Prince, he conquered much of Normandy and crushed the French at Crecy. In 1355, he renewed his war with France with disastrous results. Despite a brilliant victory by the Black Prince at Poitiers in 1356, Edward subsequently lost most English possessions in France. His final years were miserable. His queen died in 1369, the Black Prince in 1376, and the king in 1377.

5513293. Phillipa of Hainault was born about 1313 in Flanders, Belgium.

5513294. PEDRO III King of Castile.

6815904. Sir Robert HOO was born 1274. He married Hawise FITZ WARIN.

6815905. Hawise FITZ WARIN was born 1276.

6815906. Sir John de SAINT LEGER was born 1294.

6815910. Nicholas MALMAYNS was born 1286 in England.

6815920. Richard de ECHINGHAM was born 1272 in Sussex, England. He married Matilda.

6815921. Matilda was born 1274.

6815928. Edmund FITZ ALAN Earl of Arundel was born 1 May 1273 in Castle Marlborough, Sussex, England. He died 17 Nov 1326 in Herefordshire, England from Beheaded. Edmund married Alice de WARREN.

6815929. Alice de WARREN was born 1277 in Sussex, England. She died before 23 May 1338.

6815930. Lackland JOHN King of England (1199-1216) was born 24 Dec 1167 in Beaumont Palace, Oxford. He died 18 Oct 1216 in Newark Castle, Nottinghamshire and was buried in Worcester Cathedral, Worcester. Lackland married Isabella de TAILLERFER on 29 Aug 1189 in Marlborough Castle, Wiltshire.

King John reigned from 1199 until 1216. His first wife was Isabella, daughter of William, Earl of Gloucester. His second wife and the ancester of all in this book, was Isabella, daughter of Aymer Taillefer, Count of Angouleme.

John was born on Christmas Eve in 1167. His parents drifted apart after his birth; his youth was divided between his eldest brother Henry's house, where he learned the art of knighthood and the house of his father's justiciar, Ranulf Glanvil, where he learned the business of government. As the fourth child, inherited lands were not available to him, giving rise to his nickname, Lackland. His first marraige lasted only ten years and was fruitless, but his second wife bore him two sons and three daughters. He also had an illegitimate daughter, Joan, who married Llywelyn the Great, Ruler of all Wales, from which the Tudor line of monarchs was descended. The survival of the English government during John's reign is a testament to the reforms of his father, as John taxed the system socially, economically, and judicially.

The Angevin family feuds profoundly marked John. He and Richard clashed in 1184 following Richard's refusal to honor his father's wishes to surrender Aquitane to John. The following year Henry II sent John to rule Ireland, but John alienated both the native Irish and the transplanted Anglo-normans who emigrated to carve out new lordships for themselves; the experiment was a total failure and John returned home within six months. After Richard gained the Throne in 1189, he gave John vast estates in an unsuccessful attempt to appease his younger brouther.

John failed to overthrow Richard's administrators during the German captivity and conspired with Philip II in another failed coup attempt. Upon Richard's release from captivity in 1194, John was forced to sue for pardon and he spent the next five years in his brother's shadow.

John's reign was troubled in many respects. A quarrel with the Church resulted in England being placed undr an interdict in 1207, with John actually excommunicated two years later. The dispute centered on John's stubborn refusal to install the papal candidate, Stephen Langdon, as Archbishop of Canterbury; the issue was not resolved until John surrendered to the wishes of Pope Innocent III and paid tribute for England as the Pope's vassal.

John proved extremely unpopular with his subjects. In addition to the Irish debaucle, he inflamed his French vassals by orchestrating the murder of his popular nephew, Arthur of Brittany. By spring 1205, he lost the last of his French possessions and returned to England. The final ten years of his reign were occupied with failed attempts to regain these territories. After levying a number of new taxes upon the barons to pay for his dismal campaigns, the discontented barons revolted, capturing London in May 1215. At Runnymeade in the following June, John succumbed to pressure from the barons, the Church, and the English people at-large, and signed the Magna Carta. The document, a declaration of feudal rights, stressed three points. First, the Church was free to make ecclesiastic appointments. Second, larger-than-normal amounts of money could only be collected with the consent of the king's feudal tenants. Third, no freeman was to be punished except within the context of common law. Magna Carta, although a testament to John's complete failure as monarch, was the forrunner of modern constitutions. john only signed the document as a means of buying time and his hesitance to implement its principles compelled the nobility to seek French assistance. The barons offered the throne to Philip II's son, Louis. John died in the midst of invasion from the French in the South and rebellion from his barons in the North.

John was remembered in elegant fashion by Sir Richard Baker in A Chronicle of the Kings of England: "...his works of piety were very many...as for his actions, he neither came to the crown by justice, nor held it with any honour, nor left it with peace."

6815931. Isabella de TAILLERFER was born about 1180.

6815932. Sir Knight John MALTRAVERS was born 1290 in Woolcombe, Dorsetshire, England. He died 16 Feb 1365 and was buried in Lytchett Mautrav, Dorsetshire, England. John married Ela de BERKELEY.

Marriage 1 Ela de Berkeley b: ABT 1294 in of,Woolcombe,Dorsetshire,England

Married: ABT 1313 in of,Woolcombe,Dorsetshire,England

Children

1. John Maltravers b: ABT 1314 in of,Salisbury,Wiltshire,England

2. Robert Mautravers b: ABT 1318 in of,,Dorsetshire,England

Marriage 2 Agnes de (Bernford) Beresford

Married: ABT 1320 in of,,Dorsetshire,England

6815933. Ela de BERKELEY was born 1294 in Woolcombe, Dorsetshire, England. She died after 1322.

6815964. Humphrey de BOHUN married Maud de FIENNES.

6815965. Maud de FIENNES.

6815966. Baron Bartholomew de BADLESMERE was born 1275 in Chilham, Kent, England. He died 14 Apr 1322 in Canterbury, Kent, England. Bartholomew married Margaret de CLARE.

Children

1. Margery de Badlesmere b: 1306

2. Maud de Badlesmere b: ABT 1310

3. Elizabeth de Badlesmere b: 1313

4. Giles de Badlesmere b: 1314

5. Margaret de Badlesmere b: 1315

6815967. Margaret de CLARE was born 1280. She died 1333.



6815984. Baron William de MONTACUTE was born about 1275. He died 18 Oct 1319. William married Baroness Elizabeth de MONTFORT.

Children

1. John Montacute b: 1299 in ,Salisbury,Wiltshire,England

2. William de Montagu (Montacute) b: 1302/1303 in ,Cassington,Oxfordshire,England

3. Simon Montacute b: 1303 in ,Salisbury,Wiltshire,England

4. Maud Montacute b: 1307 in ,Salisbury,Wilsthire,England

5. Edward Montacute b: 1309 in ,Salisbury,Wilsthire,England

6. Alice Montacute b: 1311 in ,Salisbury,Wiltshire,England

7. Mary de Montagu (Montacute) b: 1313 in ,Salisbury,Wiltshire,England

8. Katherine Montacute b: 1315 in ,Salisbury,Wiltshire,England

9. Hawise Montacute b: 1317 in ,Salisbury,Wiltshire,England

10. Isabel Montacute b: 1319 in ,Salisbury,Wiltshire,England

6815985. Baroness Elizabeth de MONTFORT was born 1275 in Beaudesert, Warwickshire, England. She died 1345 and was buried in Christ Church, Oxford, Oxfordshire, England.

6815986. Sir Knight William de GRANDISON was born about 1255 in Cassington, Oxfordshire, England. He died 27 Jun 1335. William married Sybil TREGOZ.

Children

1. Piers (Peter) de Grandison b: 1286 in of,Ashperton,Herefordshire,England

2. Agnes Grandison b: ABT 1289 in ,Bletsoe,Bedfordshire,England

3. Mabilia de Grandison b: ABT 1294 in of,Ashperton,Herefordshire,England

4. John Grandison b: 1299 in of,Ashperton,Herefordshire,England

5. Katherine de Grandison b: ABT 1304 in ,Ashford,Hertfordshire,England

6815987. Sybil TREGOZ was born 1271 in Ewyas, Hertfordshire, England. She died 12 Oct 1334.

6815988. Ralph de MONTHERMER was born 1275 in Akko, Hazafon, Israel. He died 1305. Ralph married Joan PLANTAGENET Countess of Glouster & Hertford, Princess of England.

Children

1. Mary de Monthermer b: 1301

2. Thomas Monthermer b: ABT 1310

6815989. Joan PLANTAGENET Countess of Glouster & Hertford, Princess of England was born 1272.

24. Generation

11026584. EDWARD II King of England was born 25 Apr 1284 in Caernarvon Castle, Wales. He died 21 Sep 1327 in Berkeley Castle, Goustershire, England. married Isabella of France.

Edward II belonged to the Plantagenet Dynasty. Born in 1284, he ascended to the throne in 1307 and died in 1327. He was preceded as monarch by Edward I and was succeeded by Edward III.

Edward was born at Carnarvon, the son of Edward I and Eleanor of Castile. Succeeding to the throne in 1307, he was under the influence of others from the start. A Gascon knight named Piers Gaveston was the first favorite, but he was defeated and executed by the barons, led by the king's uncle Thomas of Lancaster. Until 1322, Lancaster wielded real power, but in that year he defeated the barons at Boroughbridge and executed Lancaster. The Parliament of York reestablished the authority of the king. His queen Isabella made common cause with the exiled nobles, and having secured possession of the young Prince Edward, landed on the coast of Suffolk on Sept 24, 1326. The king fled but was captured, forced to resign the crown, and murdered.

11026585. Isabella of France was born 1292 in Paris, France. She died 22 Aug 1358 in Castle Rising, Norfolk, England and was buried in Gray Friar's Church, London, England.

Isabella plotted the death of Edward, and had him murdered September 21, 1327 at Berkeley Castle, Gloucester, by having a red-hot spit thrust through his bowels.

Roger Mortimer was the 1st Earl of March. He opposed Edward II and the Despencers in the wars of 1321-22. He escaped to France where Queen Isabella, Edward's official Queen Consort, became his mistress. They invaded England and forced Edward II to abdicate January 25,1327, in favour of Edward's son, Edward III. Isabella and Mortimer shared the Regency until they were overthrown. Mortimer and his gang were overthrown in 1330 by Edward III, and Mortimer himself was executed. Isabella was forced into "honourable retirement" from public life; she died August 22, 1358. Her tomb was lost during the Reformation.

- Alison Weir, BRITAIN'S ROYAL FAMILIES

13631858. Sir Knight William de WARREN was born 1260 in Sussex, England. He died 15 Dec 1286 and was buried in High Altar of Lewes, Reigste, Sussex, England. William married Joan de VERE.

13631859. Joan de VERE was born 1264 in Oxfordshire, England. She died 21 Nov 1293 and was buried in High Altar of Lewes, Reigste, Sussex, England.

13631860. "Plantagenet" HENRY II King of England (1154-1189) was born 5 Mar 1133 in LeMans, Maine. He died 6 Jul 1189 in Chinon Castle, Anjou and was buried in Fontevrault Abbey, Anjou. "Plantagenet" married Eleanore Princess of Aquitane on 18 May 1152 in Bordeaux Cathedral, Gascony.

Henry II ruled England from 1152 until 1189. He married Eleanor, the daughter of William X, Duke of Aquitane. Eleanor had formerly been the wife of Louis VII, King of France, however that marraige ended in divorce.

Henry II, first of the Angevin kings, was one of the most effective of all England's monarchs. he came to the throne amid the anarchy of Stephen's reign and promptly collared his errant barons. He refined Norman government and created a capable, self standing bureacracy. his energy was equaled only by his ambition and intelligence. Henry survived wars, rebellion, and controversy to successfully rule one of the middle ages' most powerful kingdoms.

Henry was raised in the French province of Anjou and first visited England in 1142 to defend his mother's claim to the disputed throne of Stephen. His continental possessions were already vast before his coronation; He acquired Normandy and Anjou upon the death of his father in September 1151, and his French holdings more than doubled with his marriage to Eleanor of Aquitane. In accordance with the Treaty of Wallingford, a succession agreement signed by Stephen and Matilda in 1153, Henry was crowned in October 1154. The continental empire ruled by Henry and his sons included the French counties of Brittany, Maine, Poitou, Touraine, Gascony, Anjou, Aquitane, and Normandy. Henry was technically a feudal vassal of the king of France but, in reality, owned more territory and was more powerful than his French lord. Although King John (Henry's son) lost most of the English holding in France, English kings laid claim to the French throne until the 15th century. Henry also extended his territory in the British Isles in two significant ways. First, he retrieved Cumbria and Northumbria from Malcom IV of Scotland and settled the Anglo-Scot border in the North. Secondly, although his success with Welsh campaigns was limited, Henry invaded Ireland and secured an English presence on the island.

English and Norman barons in Stephen's reign manipulated feudal law to undermine royal authority; Henry instituted many reforms to weaken traditional feudal ties and strengthen his position. Unauthorized castles built during the previous reign were razed. Monetary payments replaced military service as the primary duty of vassals.

The Exchequer was revitalized to enforce accurate record keeping and tax collection. Incompetent sheriffs were replaced and the authority of royal courts was expanded. henry empowered a new social class of government clerks that stabalized procedure-the government could operate effectively in the king's absence and would subsequently prove sufficiently tenacious to survive the reign of incompetent kings. Henry's reforms allowed the emergence of common law to replace the disparate customs of feudal and county courts. Jury trials were initiated to end the old Germanic trials by ordeal or battle. henry's systematic approach to law provided a common basis for development of royal institutions throughout the entire realm.

The process of strengthening the royal courts, however, yielded an unexpected controversy. The church courts instituded by William the Conquerer became a safe haven for criminals of varying degree and ability, for one in fifty of the English population qualified as clerics. Henry wished to transfer sentencing in such cases to the royal cours, as church courts merely demoted clerics to laymen. Thomas Beckett, Henry's close friend and chancellor since 1155, was named Archbishop of Canterbury in June 1162 but distanced himself from henry and vehemently opposed the weakening of church couts. Beckett fled England in 1164, but through the intervention of Pope Adrian IV (the lone English Pope), returned in 1170. he greatly angered Henry by opposing the coronation of Prince Henry. Exasperated, henry hastily and publicly conveyed his desire to be rid of the contentious Archbishop - four ambitious knights took the king at his word and murdered Beckett in his own cathedral on December 29, 1170. Henry endured a rather limited storm of protest over the incident and the controversy passed.

Henry's plans of dividing his myriad lands and titles evoked treachery from his sons. At the encouragement, and sometimes because of the treatment, of their mother, they rebelled against their father several times, often with Louis VII of France as their accomplice. The deaths of Henry the Young King in 1183 and Geoffrey in 1186 gave no respite from his children's rebellious nature; Richard, with the assistance of Philip II, Augustus of France, attacked and defeated Henry on July 4, 1189 and forced him to accept a humiliating peace. henry II died two days later, on July 6, 1189.

A few quotes from historic manuscripts shed a unique light on Henry, Eleanor, and their sons.

From Sir Winston Churchill, Knight, 1675:"Henry II Plantegenet, the very first of that name and race, and the very greatest King that England ever knew, but withal the most unfortunate...his death being imputed to those only to whom himself had given life, his ungracious sons..."

From Sir Richard Baker, A Chronicle of the Kings of England: "Concerning endowments of mind, he was of a spirit in the highest degree generous...His custom was to be always in action; for which cause, if he had no real wars, he would have feigned...To his children he was both indulgent and hard; for out of indulgence he caused his son Henry to be crowned King in his own time; and out of hardness he caused his younger sons to rebel against him...He married Eleanor, daughter of William Duke of Guienne, late wife of Lewis the Seventh of France. Some say King Lewis carried her into the Holy Land, where she carried herself not very holily, but led a licentious life; and, which is the worst kind of licentiousness, in carnal familiarty with a Turk."

13631861. Eleanore Princess of Aquitane was born 1121/1122 in Aquitane.

13631862. Aymer (Adhemer) TAILLEFER Count of Angouleme died 1246.

13631934. Sir Knight Thomas de CLARE was born 1245. He died 1287/1288. Thomas married Juliana Fitz MAURICE.

Children

1. Maud de Clare b: ABT 1276

2. Richard de Clare b: ABT 1278

3. Margaret de Clare b: 1280/1286

4. Gilbert de Clare b: ABT 1281

Marriage 2 Isabella Mrs de Clare

13631935. Juliana Fitz MAURICE was born 1250 in Dublin, Ireland.

13631972. Sire Pierre de GRANDISON I was born 1190 in Neuchatel, Switzerland. He died bet 29 Dec 1257 and 15 Jul 1259. Pierre married Agnes de NEUCHATEL.



Children

1. Amadeus de Grandson b: 1229 in ,Neuchatel,Ne,Switzerland

2. William de Grandison b: ABT 1255/1264 in of,Cassington,Oxfordshire,England

13631973. Agnes de NEUCHATEL was born 1194 in Neuchatel, Switzerland.

13631974. Lord John de TREGOZ was born about 1235 in Ewyas, Hertfordshire, England. He died 21 Aug 1300 and was buried 12 Sep 1300 in Bristol, Gloustershire, England. John married Mabel FITZ WARIN.

13631975. Mabel FITZ WARIN was born about 1245 in Whittingdon, Shropshire, England. She died before 24 May 1297.

13631978. Longshanks EDWARD I King of England (1272-1307) was born 17 Jun 1239 in Palace of Westminster. He died 7 Jul 1307 in Burgh on Sands, Cumberland and was buried in Westminster Abbey, Middlesex. Longshanks married Eleanor Princess of Castile and Leon on 1 Oct 1254 in Las Huelges, Castile.

Edward I, who ruled England from 1272 to 1307, first married Eleanor, daughter of Ferdinand II, King of Castile and Leon; then Margaret, daughter of Philip III, King of France. The lineage of our family comes from his marraige with Eleanor.

Edward I, nicknamed "Longshanks" due to his great height and stature (he was about 6'2") was perhaps the most successvul of the medieval monarchs. The first twenty years of his reign marked a high point of cooperation between crown and community. In these years, Edward made great strides in reforming government, consolidating territory, and defining foreign policy. He possessed the strength his father lacked and reasserted royal perogative. Edward fathered many children as wel: sixteen by Eleanore of Castille before her death in 1290, and three more by Margaret.

Edward held to the concept of community, and although at times unscrupulously aggressive, ruled with the general welfare of his subjects in mind. He perceived the crown as judge of the proper course of action for the realm and its chief legislator; royal authority was granted by law and should be fully utilized for the public good, but that same law also granted protection to the king's subjects. A king should rule with the advice and consent of those whose rights were in question. The level of interaction between king and subject allowed Edward considerable leeway in achieving his goals.

A case can be made that Edward I was the greatest English king of the middle ages. A strong ruler, he was a man blessed with a strong sense of duty. Although he was no democrat, he believed the king should promote the general welfare and place himself above class or faction -- a revolutionary concept in the 13th century. Although he has been called "the English Jusinian" because of his legal codes, Edward was first and formost a military man, one of the great generals of the medieval world.

Edward was born in June 1239, the son of King Hinry III. Weak and indecisive, Henry was not a bad man, just a bad king. he was devoted to his family and took great pleasure in art and architecture. One of his pet projects was the rebuilding of Westminster Abbey in the Gothic style that was just coming into vogue. Unfortunately, Henry's private virtues became public vices. Because of his devotion to his wife, he gave the queen's undeserving foreign relatives places at court. Worse still, Henry's building projects were a drain on the exchequer, and his excessive piety made him a dupe of the papacy. That mix of piety, politics, and penury--he was always short of funds--bore bitter fruit. Simon de Montfort, leader of the baronial opposition, led an open revolt that defeated the king at the Battle of Lewes in 1264.

Lewes gave Prince Edward his first real taste of combat. As a headstrong young blade of 25, he took exception to the London troops of Montfort's army, sincerely believing they had insulted his mother. When the battle opened on May 14, Edward led a cavalry charge that scattered the London burghers like dead leaves in a windstorm. Intoxicated by the chase, he began a single-minded pursuit of his fleeing quarry that took him miles from the battlefield. Once his thirst for vengeance was appeased, Edward returned to Lewes--only to find that Montfort had defeated his father's main army. Assailed from both flanks by Montfort's knights, the dumbfounded prince was forced to surrender. But a great lesson had been learned--from then on, with few exceptions, his intellect would govern his passions. Eventually Edward escaped, joined forces with Roger Mortimer, Earl of Gloucester, and together they defeated Simon de Montfort at Evesham on August 4, 1265.

By then, Edward was King in all but name, since his father was growing old and was as self-absorbed as ever. Fired with chivalric zeal and a surfeit of youthful energy, Prince Edward "took the cross"--that is, declared himself a crusader pledged to free the Holy Land from the grip of the Muslim "infidels".

In 1271, Edward reached the Middle East with a small army of 1000 men and amazed everyone by chalking up a series of victories over the Muslim forces of the Mamluk Sultan Baybars Bundukdari of Egypt. The prince captured Nazareth, scoring a moral victory by liberating the hometown of Jesus Christ, but his forces were too small to consolidate his gains.

Once, when Edward was resting in his tent, a Muslim assassin broke in and attacked him with a poisoned knife. The prince quickly killed his assailant but was wounded in the arm. Soon the limb swelled, and the foul-smelling flesh grew black. Gangrene had set in. Handicapped by the lack of medical knowledge at the time, the doctors were baffled and lost hope. But one brave physician cut away the blackened tissue and hoped for the best. By some miracle, Edward survived. The next year, 1272, a truce was arranged between Baybars and the Crusaders, enabling Edward to go home at last. While enroute to England, he received word that his father was dead and he was now king in his own right.

On August 2, 1274, the new king landed at Dover anter an absence of four years. Crowds gave a tumultous welcome to their new monarch, who, at 6 feet 2 inches, towered over contemporaries. he was handsome, but his piercing blue eyes were slightly offset by a drooping left eyelid. Like most of his Plantagenet dynasty, Edward had a volcanic temper that sometimes erupted into murderous rages. Generally, though, he was too intelligent to let his anger get the best of him.

A few years after his accession to the throne, Edward was forced to deal with Wales, the mountainous land to the west of England. Politically, Wales was a confusing mosaic of divided loyalties. In the south and central portions of the country, Anglo-Norman barons, called Marcher Lords, managed to subdue and pacify the Welsh tribesmen, but in the north the situation was different. There, a line of Gwynedd prices high in the mountains of Snowdonia refused to submit to the English yoke. One Welsh ruler, Llewellyn-ap-Graffyd, declared himself prince of Wales and set about expanding his domain at the expense of the Marcher lords.

Initially Edward had little interest in Wales, and he might have accepted Llewellyn's independence if the latter had rendered lip service to his fudal obligations to the English crown. But Llewellyn's arrogance seemed to grow with his power, and he refused to render homage to Edward. Thoroughly aroused, the king was determined to bring his rebellious vassel to heel.

In July 1277, in the town of Worcester, Edward gathered one of the biggest armies ever seen in Britain. The feudal levy summoned 1,000 armored knights, while a number of English shires--Cheshire, Derbyshire, Shropshire, and others--supplied about 15,000 foot soldiers, including many Welshmen and Gascon crossbowmen.

The northern Welsh under Llewellyn were not prepared to meet Edward on his own terms so they melted back into the misty valleys and snow-dappled peaks of their own mountainous homeland. Natural guerrillas, they lived off the land when fighting and generally preferred ambushes to pitched battles.

The men of southern Wales generally had spears, but the northern tribes possessed a formidable new weapon called the longbow. On chronicler described it as "made of wild elm, unpolished, rude and uncouth," but in the hands of a trained archer it was a formidable weapon, hitting targets with such force that a longbow shaft could pierce chain mail and pin a man to his horse.

Edward advanced along the north Welsh coast, marching slowly up the valleys of the Severn and the Dee. Leaving a chain of rising fortresses in his wake, Edward continued on until he reached the mouth of the Conway river. There the king unveiled his trump card--sea power. Just off the coast, on the island of Anglesey, was some of the most fertile soil in Wales, the breadbasket of Llewellyn's tribes. Thanks to ships provided by Edward's Cinque Ports, Anglesey was quickly taken.

Ringed by hostile troops and threatened by starvation, Llewellyn sued for peace. After a few year's respite, however, Llewellyn's brother David raised the standard of revolt. The 1282 rebellion ws a replay of the 1277 campaign, but this time Llewellyn was killed in a chance encounter, and his head was sent to adorn London Bridge. David was captured, executed, and the rebellion he had launched collapsed.

Edward decided that only more castles could help sink English roots and stabilize the shifting political soil of Wales. Luckily for the king, his reign coincided with the great age of medieval military architecture, and he found a builder of genius in Master James of St. George. Master James' fertile imagination produced a series of elaborate designs, each adapted to the particular needs of an individual site.

Even today, Conway, Harlech, Rhuddlan, Beaumaris and Caernarvon castles give an overwhelming impression of strength and majesty.

Wales was pacified, at least for the moment, so Edward turned his attention to Scotland. The Scottish throne was empty, and there were no less than 13 claimants for it. To solve the impasse, the claimants asked Edward to be arbiter and choose a candidate among their number. The English king should have known better; the Scottish succession was a morass of claims and counterclaims.

After fevered consultations with barons, lawyers and churchmen, Edward chose John Bailol as king of the Scots. Bailol was a weakling, but the fractious Scottish nobles stiffened his backbone enough to defy Edward. Once again, Edward could brook no disobedience from a man he considered his feudal underling. The English monarch invaded Scotland with a large army, and in March 1296, he proceeded to besiege the important Scottish town of Berwick. Feeling overconfident, the citizens of Berwick shouted insults at Edward, in particular making fun of his "long shanks".

Mounted on his great warhorse, Bayard, Edward personally led the assault on Berwick. Hooves flailing, Bayard leapt across a ditch, bounded over a low palisade, and brought his royal master into the very heart of the city. Soon English troops poured into the narrow streets and fighting gave way to a general massacre of the inhabitants.

In short order Bailol was deposed, and Edward ruled the northern kingdom through a series of military garrisons. But Edward's brutal conquest had unleashed a sort of early nationalistic spirit among the Scots. A Scottish knight, William Wallace, gathered an army and managed to defeat an English force at Stirling Bridge on September 11, 1297. With his prestige on line, Edward--though he was nowgrowing old--took to the field once again and invaded Scotland.

On July 22, 1298, the English and Scottish armies met at Falkirk. The backbone of Wallace's forces was his infantry, drawn up in four phalanz-xtyle formations called schiltrons. Bristling with spears, the schiltrons seemed invulnerable to the kind of cavalry charge favored by medieval knights. And sure enough, before Edward could fully deploy his unwieldy army, his knights rushed forward in a headlong charge. Try as they might, the English knights could make no impression on the prickly Scottish formations, and round one went to the stubborn Celts.

But Edward had a surprise waiting in the wings--swarms of Welsh archers, who came forward in large numbers to discharge their deadly shafts. The schiltrons were quickly reduced to heaps of dead and wounded men, and the remaining Scottish infantry became easy prey for Edward's cavalry. Only Wallace and a handful of fugitives escaped the terrible slaughter, and the back of Scottish resistance seemed broken forever. At Falkirk, Edward Long Shanks acquired a new nickname; Scottorum malleus (Hammer of the Scots). The battle validated his reputation as a general and showcased his tactical skills. His adoption of the Welsh longbow forshadowed the English triumphs at crecy, Poitiers and Agincourt.

Eventually, Wallace was captured and hanged, drawn, and quartered, but his grisly fate left the Scots uncowed. Time and again, Edward had to return to Scotland in an attempt to crush the embers of revolt. Yet every time he returned home, the flame of Scots nationalism would blaze anew. A new Scottish champion, Robert the Bruce, declared himself king of Scotland and girded himself for another English invasion. It was not long in coming.

Edward, white haired and ailing, must have felt he was an English Sisyphus, condemned to roll the rock of conquest forward again and again. At age 69, something akin to 90 by the standards of the middle ages, the king had little reason to find happiness in his waning years. his son and heir, Prince Edward of Caernarvon, was a homosexual and a worthless spendthrift, more interested in fine clothes than the arts of war.

King Edward moved forward toward Scotland, but his battle scarred and aging body could not obey the commands of his iron will. He died on July 6, 1307, a short distance from the Scottish border at Burgh-on-Sands. later, Edward II would return to Scotland in force only to suffer a humiliating defeat at the hands of Robert the Bruce at Bannockburn, on June 23, 1314, by which Scotland won it's independence from England.

Although he was not the equal of a Caesar of Napoleon, Edward I was still a great commander who grasped the essentials of war. Even his enemies recognized his military greatness. Comparing Edward I to his son Edward II, Robert the Bruce once declared; "I am more afraid of the bones of the father dead, than of the living son, and by all the saints, it was more difficult to get a half a foot of the land from the old king than a whole kingdom from the son".

Not only was Edward a good warrior, he was a good political leader as well. He added to the bureaucracy initiated by Henry II to increase his effectiveness as sovereign.

He expanded the administration into four principal parts: the Chancery, the Exchequer, the Household, and the Council. The Chancery researched and created legal documents while the Exchequer received and issued money, scrutinized the accounts of local officials, and kept financial records. These two departments operated within the king's authority but independently from his personal rule, prompting Edward to follow the practice of earlier kings in developing the Household, a mobile court of clerks and advisors that traveled with the king. The King's council was the most vital segment of the four. It consisted of his principal ministers, trusted judges and clerks, a select group of magnates, and also followed the king. The Council dealt with matters of great importance to the realm and acted as a court for cases of national importance.

Edward's forays into the refinement of law and Justice had important consequences in decreasing feudal practice. The statute of Gloucester (1278) curbed expansion of large private holdings and established the principle that all private franchises were delegated by, and subordinate to, the crown. Royal jurisdiction became supreme: the Exchequer developed a court to hear financial disputes, ther Court of Common Pleas arose to hear property disputes, and the Court of Kings Bench addressed criminal cases in which the king had a vested interest. Other statutes prohibited vassals from giving their lands to the church encouraged primogeniture, and established the king as the sole person who could make a man his feudal vassal. In essence, Edward set the stage for land to become an article of commerce.

13631979. Eleanor Princess of Castile and Leon.

25. Generation

22053170. PHILIP IV King of France was born 1268 in Fontainebleau. He died 29 Nov 1314 in Fontainebleau. married Joan Queen of Navarre on May 1275 in (Contract)(Papal Dispensation at Paris 16 Aug 1284.

22053171. Joan Queen of Navarre was born about 1270. She died 2 Apr 1305 in Castle of Vincinnes.

27263716. John PLANTAGENET DE WARREN was born Aug 1231 in Sussex, England. He died 27 Sep 1305 in Surrey, England. John married Alice LUSIGNAN DE BRIEN.

27263717. Alice LUSIGNAN DE BRIEN was born 1224 in Vienne, France. She died 9 Feb 1291 in Sussex, England.

27263718. Robert de VERE 5th Earl of Oxford was born about 1240 in Hedingham Castle, Essex, England. He died before 7 Sep 1296 in England and was buried in Earls Colne, Essex, England. Robert married Alice de SANFORD.

5th Earl of Oxford

27263719. Alice de SANFORD.

27263720. le Bon "Plantagenet" GEOFFREY V 10th Count of Anjou and Maine, Duke of Normandy was born 24 Aug 1113. He married MATILDA Empress of Germany (1141).

Geoffrey was the one who brought the Plantegenet name to England where it would reign through many kings.

27263721. MATILDA Empress of Germany (1141) was born 1101 in Royal Palace, Sutton, Courtenay (Berkshire). She died 10 Sep 1169 in Rouen and was buried in Fontefrault Abbey.

Empress Matilda ruled in 1141. Matilda is the Latin form of Maud, and the name of the only surving legitimate child of King Henry I. She was born in 1101, generally it is said at Winchester, but recent research indicates that she was actually born at the Royal Palace in Sutton Courtenay (Berkshire).

In somewhat of a political coup for her father, Matilda was betrothed to the German Emperor, Henry V, when she was only eight years old. They were married on January 7, 1114. She was twelve and he was thirty two.

Unfortunately ther were no children an on the Emperor's death in 1125, Matilda was recalled to her father's court.

Matilda's only legitimate brother had been killed in the disastrous Wreck of the White Ship in late 1120 and she was now her father's only hope for the continuation of his dynasty.

The barons swore allegiance to the young Princess and promised to make her queen after her father's death. She herself needed heirs though and in April 1127, Matilda found herself obliged to marry Prince Geoffrey of Anjou and Maine (the future Geoffrey V, Count of those regions). He was thirteen, she was twenty-three. It is thought that the two never got on. However, despite this unhappy situation they had three sons in four years.

Being absent in Anjou at the time of her father's death on December 1, 1135, possibly due to pregnancy, Matilda was not in much of a position to take up the throne which had been promised her and she quickly lost out to her fast moving cousin, Stephen. With her husband, she attempted to take Normandy. With encouragement from supporters in England though, it was not long before Matilda invaded her rightful English domain and so began a long-standing Civil War from the powerbase of her half-brother, Robert of Gloucester, in the West Country.

After three years of armed struggle, she at last gained the upper hand at the Battle of Lincoln, in February 1141, where King Stephen was captured. However, despite being declared Queen or "Lady of the English" at Winchester and winning over Stephen's brother, Henry of Blois, ther powerful Bishop of Winchester, Mailda alienated the citizens of London with her arrogant manner. She failed to secure her coronation and the Londoners joined a renewed push from Stephen's Queen an laid siege to the Empress in Winchester. She managed to escape to the West, but while commanding her rear guard, her brother was captured by the enemy.

Matilda was obliged to swap Stephen for Robert on November 1, 1141. Thus the King soon reemposed his Royal authority. In ll48, after the death of her half-brother, Matilda finally returned to Normandy, leaving her son, who, in 1154, would become Henry II, to fight on in England. She died at Rouen on September 10, 1169 and was buried in Fontevrault Abbey, though some of her entrails may possibly have been later interred in her father's foundation at Reading Abbey.

27263722. (Guillaume the Toulousan) WILLIAM X Duke of Aquitane (1126-1137) was born 1099. He married Eleanore de CHATELLERAULT.

Married against his will to the daughter of his father's mistress.

27263723. Eleanore de CHATELLERAULT died after Mar 1130.

27263724. Guillaume II TAILLEFER was born 952 in NAngouleme, Charente, France. He died 6 Apr 1028. Guillaume married Gerberga de ANJOU on 985 in Angouleme, Charente, France.

27263725. Gerberga de ANJOU was born 962.

27263868. Richard de CLARE was born 1222. He died 1262. Richard married Maud de LACY.

27263869. Maud de LACY was born 1224.

27263956. HENRY III King of England (1216-1272) was born 1 Oct 1207 in Winchester Castle. He died 16 Nov 1272 in Palace of Westminster and was buried in Westminster Abbey, Middlesex. married Eleanor Berenger Countess of Provence on 14 Jan 1236 in Canterbury Cathedral, Kent.

Henry III ruled England from 1216 until 1272. He married Eleanor, daughter of Raymond Berenger, Count of Provence.

Henry was the first monarch to be crowned in his minority, inherited the throne at the age of nine. His reign began immersed in the rebellion created by his father, King John. London and most of the southeast were in the hands of the French Dauphin Louis and the northern regions were under the control of the rebellious barons - only the midlands and southwest were loyal to the boy king. The barons, however, rallied under Henry's first regent, William the Marshall, and expelled the French Dauphin in 1217. William the Marshall governed until his death in 1219; Hugh de Burgh, the last of the justiciars to rule with the power of a king, governed until Henry came to the throne in earnest at age twenty five.

A variety of factors coelesced in Henry's reign to plant the first seeds of English nationalism. Throughout his minority, the barons held firm to the ideal of written restrictions on royal authority and reissued Magna Carta several times. The nobility wished to bind the king to the same feudal laws under which they were held. The emerging class of free men also demanded the same protection from the king's excessive control. Barons, nobility, and free men began viewing England as a community rather than a mere aggregation of independent manors, villages, and outlying principalities.

In addition to the restrictions outlined in Magna Carta, ther barons asked to be consulted in matters of state and called together as a Great Council. Viewing themselves as the natural counselors of the king, they sought control over the machinery of government, particulaarly in the appointment of chief government positions. Ehe Exchequer and the Chancery were separated from the rest of the government to decrease the king's chances of ruling irresponsibly.

Nationalism, such as it was at this early time, manifested in the form of opposition to Henry's actions. he infuriated the barons by granting favors and appointments to foreigners rather than the English nobility. Peter des Roches, the Bishop of Winchester and Henry's prime educator, introduced a number of Frenchmen from Poitou into the government; many Italians entered into English society through Henry's close ties to the papacy. His reign coincided with an expansion of papal power (the church became, in effect, a massive European monarchy) and the church became as creative as it was excessive in extorting money from England. England was expected to assume a large portion of financing the myriad officials employed throughout Christendom as well as providing employment and parishes for Italians living abroad. Henry's acquiescence to the demands of Rome initiated a backlash of protest from his subjects; laymen were denied opportunity to be nominated for vacant ecclesiastical offices and clergymen lost any chance of advancement.

Matters came to a head in 1258. Henry levied extortionate taxes to pay for debts incurred through war with Wales, failed campaignes in France, and an extensive program of ecclesiastical building. Inept diplomacy and military defeat led Henry to sell his hereditary claims to all the Angevin possessions in France except Gascony. When he assumed the considerable debts of the papacy in its fruitless war with Sicily, his barons demanded sweeping reforms and the king was in no position to offer resistance. Henry was forced to agree to the Provisions of Oxford, a document placing the barons in virtual control of the realm. A council of fifteen men, comprised of both the king's supporters and detractors, effected a situation whereby Henry could do nothing without the council's knowledge and consent. The magnates handled every level of government with great unity initially but gradually succombed to petty bickering; the Provisions of Oxford remainde in force for only a few years. henry reasserted his authority and denied the Provisions, resulting in the outbreak of civil war in 1264. Edward, Henry's eldest son, led the king's forces with the opposition commanded by Simon de Montfort, Henry's brother-in-law.

At the battle of Lewes, in Sussex, de Montfort defeated Edward and captured both King and son -- and found himself in control of the government. Simon de Montfort held absolute power after subduing Henry but was a champion of reform. The nobility supported him because of his royal ties and belief in the Provisions of Oxford. De Montfort, with two close associates, selected a council of nine (whose function was similar to the earlier council of fifteen) and ruled in the king's name. De Montfort recognized the need to gain the backing of smaller landowners and prosperous townsfolk; in 1264, he summoned knights from each shire in addition to the normal high churchmen and nobility to and early pre-parliament, and in 1265 invited bergesses from selected towns. Although Parliament as an institution was yet to be formalized, the latter session was a precursor to both the elements of Parliament; the House of Lords and the House of Commons.

Later in 1265, de Montfort lost the support of one of the most powerful barons, the Earl of Gloucester, and Edward also managed to escape. The two gathered an army and defeated de Montfort at the Battle of Evasham, Worcestershire. De Montfort was slain and Henry was released; Henry resumed control of the throne but, for the remainder of his reign, Edward exercised the real power of the throne in his father's stead. The old king, after a long reign of fifty six years, died in 1272. Although a failure as a politician and soldier, his reign was significant for defining the English monarchical position until the end of the fifteenth century; kingship limited by law.

27263957. Eleanor Berenger Countess of Provence was born about 1217.

27263958. FERDINAND III King of Castile and Leon married Jeanne de DAMMARTIN.

St. Ferdinand III

King of Leon and Castile, member of the Third Order of St. Francis, born in 1198 near Salamanca; died at Seville, 30 May, 1252. He was the son of Alfonso IX, King of Leon, and of Berengeria, the daughter of Alfonso III, King of Castile, and sister of Blanche, the mother of St. Louis IX.

In 1217 Ferdinand became King of Castile, which crown his mother renounced in his favour, and in 1230 he succeeded to the crown of Leon, though not without civil strife, since many were opposed to the union of the two kingdoms. He took as his counsellors the wisest men in the State, saw to the strict administration of justice, and took the greatest care not to overburden his subjects with taxation, fearing, as he said, the curse of one poor woman more than a whole army of Saracens.

Following his mother's advice, Ferdinand, in 1219, married Beatrice, the daughter of Philip of Swabia, King of Germany, one of the most virtuous princesses of her time. God blessed this union with seven children: six princes and one princess. The highest aims of Ferdinand's life were the propagation of the Faith and the liberation of Spain from the Saracen yoke. Hence his continual wars against the Saracens. He took from them vast territories, Granada and Alicante alone remaining in their power at the time of his death. In the most important towns he founded bishoprics, reestablished Catholic worship everywhere, built churches, founded monasteries, and endowed hospitals. The greatest joys of his life were the conquests of Cordova (1236) and Seville (1248). He turned the great mosques of these places into cathedrals, dedicating them to the Blessed Virgin. He watched over the conduct of his soldiers, confiding more in their virtue than in their valour, fasted strictly himself, wore a rough hairshirt, and often spent his nights in prayer, especially before battles. Amid the tumult of the camp he lived like a religious in the cloister. The glory of the Church and the happiness of his people were the two guiding motives of his life. He founded the University of Salamanca, the Athens of Spain. Ferdinand was buried in the great cathedral of Seville before the image of the Blessed Virgin, clothed, at his own request, in the habit of the Third Order of St. Francis. His body, it is said, remains incorrupt. Many miracles took place at his tomb, and Clement X canonized him in 1671. His feast is kept by the Minorites on the 30th of May.

27263959. Jeanne de DAMMARTIN died 1278.

26. Generation

44106340. PHILIP III King of France was born 1 May 1245. He died 5 Oct 1285 in Perpignon. married Mary of Brabant.

44106341. Mary of Brabant.

54527432. William de PLANTAGENET DE WARREN married Maud or Matilda MARSHALL.

54527433. Maud or Matilda MARSHALL.

54527434. HUGH X de Lusignan married Isabella de TAILLERFER.

54527436. Hugh de VERE IV was born about 1184 in Hatfield, Essex, England. He died 23 Dec 1263. Hugh married Hawise de QUINCY on 11 Feb 1122 or 1123.

Hereditary Master Lord Camberlain of England (W60-28)

54527437. Hawise de QUINCY was born about 1178 in Winchester, Hampshire, England.

54527440. "le Jeune" FOULQUES V 9th Count of Anjou, King of Jerusalem was born 1092. He died 10 Nov 1143. "le married Ermengarde (Ermentrude) du MAINE.

54527441. Ermengarde (Ermentrude) du MAINE was born about 1096.

54527442. Beauclerc HENRY I King of England (1100-1135) was born 1068. He died 1 Dec 1135. Beauclerc married Edith-Margaret (Matilda) ATHELING Princess of Scotland.

Henry I ruled England from 1100 until 1135. He was the Duke of Normandy from 1106 until 1135. He married Matilda, called Edith, of Scotland and had four children, among them was Matilda, later to become Empress Matilda. Henry later married to Adeliza of Louvain, who bore him no children. While married to her he was involved with Sybilla Corbet, who bore him 16 children.

His reign was notable for important legal and administrative reforms, and for the final resolution of the investiture controversy. Abroad, he waged several campaignes in order to consolidate and expand his continental possessions.

He was so hated by his brothers that they vowed to disinherit him. In 1106 he captured Robert and held him until he died. He proved to be a hard but just ruler. He apparently died from overeating Lampreys.

Henry I Beauclerc, King of England

Born: ABT SEP 1068, Selby,Yorkshire,England

Acceded: 6 AUG 1100, Westminster Abbey, London, England

Died: 1 DEC 1135, St Denis-le-Fermont,Near Gisors

Interred: Reading Abbey, Berkshire

Notes: Reigned 1100-1135. Duke of Normandy 1106-1135. His reign is notable for important legal and administrative reforms, and for the final resolution of the investiture controversy. Abroad, he waged several campaigns in order to consolidate and expand his continental possessions. Was so hated by his brothers that they vowed to disinherit him. In 1106 he captured Robert and held him til he died. He proved to be a hard but just ruler. He aparently died from over eating Lampreys!

Father: , William I the Conqueror, King of England, b. 1028

Mother: , Matilda of Flanders, b. ABT 1031

Married 11 NOV 1100, Westminster Abbey, London, England to , Matilda (Edith) of Scotland

Child 1: , Euphamia, b. JUL 1101

Child 2: , Matilda the Empress, Queen of England, b. ABT 1103/04

Child 3: , William the Aetheling, Duke of Normandy, b. BEF 5 AUG 1103

Child 4: , Richard

Married 29 JAN 1122, Windsor Castle,Windsor,Berkshire,England to , Adeliza of Louvain, Queen of England

Associated with Corbet, Sybilla

Child 5: de Caen, Robert of Gloucester de Mellent, Earl of Gloucester, b. CIR 1090

Child 6: , Sybilla, b. CIR 1092

Child 7: , Constance

Child 8: , Matilda (Maud)

Child 9: de Dunstanville, Rainald, Earl of Cornwall, b. ABT 1112

Child 10: , Gilbert, b. ABT 1130

Child 11: de Tracy, William

Child 12: , William, Constable, b. BEF 1105

Child 13: , Eustacie

Child 14: , Alice (Aline)

Child 15: , Gundred

Child 16: , Rohese

Child 17: , Daughter

Child 18: , Joan (Elizabeth)

Child 19: , Emma

Child 20: , daughter

Child 21: , Sybillia of Falaise



Associated with , Nest, Princess of Deheubarth

Child 22: fitzHenry, Henry, b. ABT 1103

Associated with , Ansfride

Child 23: , Richard of Lincoln, b. BEF 1101

Child 24: , Fulk, Monk at Abingdon, b. BEF 1100

Child 25: , Juliane, Nun at Fontevrault, b. ABT 1090

Associated with Sigulfson, Edith

Child 26: FitzEdith, Robert, Baron of Okenhampton

Associated with , Edith

Child 27: , Maud, b. ABT 1090

Associated with de Beaumont, Isabel (Elizabeth)

Child 28: , Isabel, b. ABT 1120

Child 29: , Maud of Montivilliers, Abbess of Montivilliers

54527443. Edith-Margaret (Matilda) ATHELING Princess of Scotland was born 1079/1080 in Dunfermline, Fifeshire, Scotland. She died 1118.

54527444. WILLIAM IX Duke of Aquitane married Maud of Toulouse.

54527445. Maud of Toulouse.

54527446. Viscount AIMERY OF CHATELLERAULT married Dangereuse de l'Isle BOUCHARD.

54527447. Dangereuse de l'Isle BOUCHARD.

54527448. Armand Manzer TAILLEFER was born 924 in Angouleme, Charente, France. He died 992. Armand married Hildegarde on 951 in Angouleme, Charente, France.

Armand married Hildegarde on 951 in Angouleme, Charente, France.

54527449. Hildegarde was born 926 in Angouleme, Charente, France.

54527736. Gilbert de CLARE.

54527738. John de LACY was born 1190. He died 1240. John married Margaret de QUINCY.

54527739. Margaret de QUINCY was born 1200. She died 1240.

54527914. Ramond IV BERENGER V (IV) Count of Provence & Forcalquier married Beatrice de SAVOIE.

54527915. Beatrice de SAVOIE.

54527916. ALFONZO IX King of Leon was born 1166. He died 1230. married Berengaria Queen of Castile before 1190.

Both Alfonzo IX and Berengia were descendants of Roderigo Diaz, El Cid (Lord), the legendary warrior of Spain.

54527917. Berengaria Queen of Castile.



54527918. Simon de DAMMARTIN Count of Aumale died 1239. He married Marie Countess of Ponthieu on 1208.

54527919. Marie Countess of Ponthieu died 1251.

27. Generation

88212680. LOUIS IX King of France was born 25 Apr 1215 in Castle of Poissy. He died 25 Aug 1270 in Tunis. married Margaret of Provence on May 1234.

King of France, son of Louis VIII and Blanche of Castile, born at Poissy, 25 April, 1215; died near Tunis, 25 August, 1270.

He was eleven years of age when the death of Louis VIII made him king, and nineteen when he married Marguerite of Provence by whom he had eleven children. The regency of Blanche of Castile (1226-1234) was marked by the victorious struggle of the Crown against Raymond VII in Languedoc, against Pierre Mauclerc in Brittany, against Philip Hurepel in the Ile de France, and by indecisive combats against Henry III of England. In this period of disturbances the queen was powerfully supported by the legate Frangipani. Accredited to Louis VIII by Honorius III as early as 1225, Frangipani won over to the French cause the sympathies of Gregory IX, who was inclined to listen to Henry III, and through his intervention it was decreed that all the chapters of the dioceses should pay to Blanche of Castile tithes for the southern crusade. It was the legate who received the submission of Raymond VII, Count of Languedoc, at Paris, in front of Notre-Dame, and this submission put an end to the Albigensian war and prepared the union of the southern provinces to France by the Treaty of Paris (April 1229).

The influence of Blanche de Castile over the government extended far beyond St. Louis's minority. Even later, in public business and when ambassadors were officially received, she appeared at his side. She died in 1253.

In the first years of the king's personal government, the Crown had to combat a fresh rebellion against feudalism, led by the Count de la Marche, in league with Henry III. St. Louis's victory over this coalition at Taillebourg, 1242, was followed by the Peace of Bordeaux which annexed to the French realm a part of Saintonge.

It was one of St. Louis's chief characteristics to carry on abreast his administration as national sovereign and the performance of his duties towards Christendom; and taking advantage of the respite which the Peace of Bordeaux afforded, he turned his thoughts towards a crusade. Stricken down with a fierce malady in 1244, he resolved to take the cross when news came that Turcomans had defeated the Christians and the Moslems and invaded Jerusalem. (On the two crusades of St. Louis [1248-1249 and 1270] see CRUSADES.) Between the two crusades he opened negotiations with Henry III, which he thought would prevent new conflicts between France and England.

The Treaty of Paris (28 May, 1258) which St. Louis concluded with the King of England after five years' parley, has been very much discussed. By this treaty St. Louis gave Henry III all the fiefs and domains belonging to the King of France in the Dioceses of Limoges, Cahors, and Périgueux; and in the event of Alphonsus of Poitiers dying without issue, Saintonge and Agenais would escheat to Henry III. On the other hand Henry III renounced his claims to Normandy, Anjou, Touraine, Maine, Poitou, and promised to do homage for the Duchy of Guyenne. It was generally considered and Joinville voiced the opinion of the people, that St. Louis made too many territorial concessions to Henry III; and many historians held that if, on the contrary, St. Louis had carried the war against Henry III further, the Hundred Years War would have been averted. But St. Louis considered that by making the Duchy of Guyenne a fief of the Crown of France he was gaining a moral advantage; and it is an undoubted fact that the Treaty of Paris, was as displeasing to the English as it was to the French. In 1263, St. Louis was chosen as arbitrator in a difference which separated Henry III and the English barons: by the Dit d'Amiens (24 January, 1264) he declared himself for Henry III against the barons, and annulled the Provisions of Oxford, by which the barons had attempted to restrict the authority of the king. It was also in the period between the two crusades that St. Louis, by the Treaty of Corbeil, imposed upon the King of Aragon the abandonment of his claims to all the fiefs in Languedoc excepting Montpellier, and the surrender of his rights to Provence (11 May, 1258). Treaties and arbitrations prove St. Louis to have been above all a lover of peace, a king who desired not only to put an end to conflicts, but also to remove the causes for fresh wars, and this spirit of peace rested upon the Christian conception. St. Louis's relations with the Church of France and the papal Court have excited widely divergent interpretations and opinions. However, all historians agree that St. Louis and the successive popes united to protect the clergy of France from the encroachments or molestations of the barons and royal officers.

It is equally recognized that during the absence of St. Louis at the crusade, Blanche of Castile protected the clergy in 1251 from the plunder and ill- treatment of a mysterious old maurauder called the "Hungarian Master" who was followed by a mob of armed men -- called the "Pastoureaux." The "Hungarian Master" who was said to be in league with the Moslems died in an engagement near Villaneuve and the entire band pursued in every direction was dispersed and annihilated.

But did St. Louis take measures also to defend the independence of the clergy against the papacy? A number of historians once claimed he did. They attributed to St. Louis a certain "pragmatic sanction" of March 1269, prohibiting irregular collations of ecclesiastical benefices, prohibiting simony, and interdicting the tributes which the papal Court received from the French clergy. The Gallicans of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries often made use of this measure against the Holy See; the truth is that it was a forgery fabricated in the fourteenth century by juris-consults desirous of giving to the Pragmatic Sanction of Charles VII a precedent worthy of respect. This so-called pragmatic of Louis IX is presented as a royal decree for the reformation of the Church; never would St. Louis thus have taken upon himself the right to proceed authoritatively with this reformation. When in 1246, a great number of barons from the north and the west leagued against the clergy whom they accused of amassing too great wealth and of encroaching upon their rights, Innocent IV called upon Louis to dissolve this league; how the king acted in the matter is not definitely known. On 2 May, 1247, when the Bishops of Soissons and of Troyes, the archdeacon of Tours, and the provost of the cathedral of Rouen, despatched to the pope a remonstrance against his taxations, his preferment of Italians in the distribution of benefices, against the conflicts between papal jurisdiction and the jurisdiction of the ordinaries, Marshal Ferri Pasté seconded their complaints in the name of St. Louis. Shortly after, these complaints were reiterated and detailed in a lengthy memorandum, the text of which has been preserved by Mathieu Paris, the historian. It is not known whether St. Louis affixed his signature to it, but in any case, this document was simply a request asking for the suppression of the abuses, with no pretensions to laying down principles of public right, as was claimed by the Pragmatic Sanction.

Documents prove that St. Louis did not lend an ear to the grievances of his clergy against the emissaries of Urban IV and Clement IV; he even allowed Clement IV to generalize a custom in 1265 according to which the benefices the titularies of which died while sojourning in Rome, should be disposed of by the pope. Docile to the decrees of the Lateran Council (1215), according to which kings were not to tax the churches of their realm without authority from the pope, St. Louis claimed and obtained from successive popes, in view of the crusade, the right to levy quite heavy taxes from the clergy. It is again this fundamental idea of the crusade, ever present in St. Louis's thoughts that prompted his attitude generally in the struggle between the empire and the pope. While the Emperor Frederick II and the successive popes sought and contended for France's support, St. Louis's attitude was at once decided and reserved. On the one hand he did not accept for his brother Robert of Artois, the imperial crown offered him by Gregory IX in 1240. In his correspondence with Frederick he continued to treat him as a sovereign, even after Frederick had been excommunicated and declared dispossessed of his realms by Innocent IV at the Council of Lyons, 17 July, 1245. But on the other hand, in 1251, the king compelled Frederick to release the French archbishops taken prisoners by the Pisans, the emperor's auxiliaries, when on their way in a Genoese fleet to attend a general council at Rome. In 1245, he conferred at length, at Cluny, with Innocent IV who had taken refuge in Lyons in December, 1244, to escape the threats of the emperor, and it was at this meeting that the papal dispensation for the marriage of Charles Anjou, brother of Louis IX, to Beatrix, heiress of Provençe was granted and it was then that Louis IX and Blanche of Castile promised Innocent IV their support. Finally, when in 1247 Frederick II took steps to capture Innocent IV at Lyons, the measures Louis took to defend the pope were one of the reasons which caused the emperor to withdraw. St. Louis looked upon every act of hostility from either power as an obstacle to accomplishing the crusade. In the quarrel over investitures, the king kept on friendly terms with both, not allowing the emperor to harass the pope and never exciting the pope against the emperor. In 1262 when Urban offered St. Louis, the Kingdom of Sicily, a fief of the Apostolic See, for one of his sons, St. Louis refused it, through consideration for the Swabian dynasty then reigning; but when Charles of Anjou accepted Urban IV's offer and went to conquer the Kingdom of Sicily, St. Louis allowed the bravest knights of France to join the expedition which destroyed the power of the Hohenstaufens in Sicily. The king hoped, doubtless, that the possession of Sicily by Charles of Anjou would be advantageous to the crusade.

St. Louis led an exemplary life, bearing constantly in mind his mother's words: "I would rather see you dead at my feet than guilty of a mortal sin." His biographers have told us of the long hours he spent in prayer, fasting, and penance, without the knowlege of his subjects. The French king was a great lover of justice. French fancy still pictures him delivering judgements under the oak of Vincennes. It was during his reign that the "court of the king" (curia regis) was organized into a regular court of justice, having competent experts, and judicial commissions acting at regular periods. These commissions were called parlements and the history of the "Dit d'Amiens" proves that entire Christendom willingly looked upon him as an international judiciary. It is an error, however, to represent him as a great legislator; the document known as "Etablissements de St. Louis" was not a code drawn up by order of the king, but merely a collection of customs, written out before 1273 by a jurist who set forth in this book the customs of Orléans, Anjou, and Maine, to which he added a few ordinances of St. Louis.

St. Louis was a patron of architecture. The Sainte Chappelle, an architectural gem, was constructed in his reign, and it was under his patronage that Robert of Sorbonne founded the "Collège de la Sorbonne," which became the seat of the theological faculty of Paris.

He was renowned for his charity. The peace and blessings of the realm come to us through the poor he would say. Beggars were fed from his table, he ate their leavings, washed their feet, ministered to the wants of the lepers, and daily fed over one hundred poor. He founded many hospitals and houses: the House of the Felles-Dieu for reformed prostitutes; the Quinze-Vingt for 300 blind men (1254), hospitals at Pontoise, Vernon, Compiégne.

The Enseignements (written instructions) which he left to his son Philip and to his daughter Isabel, the discourses preserved by the witnesses at judicial investigations preparatory to his canonization and Joinville's anecdotes show St. Louis to have been a man of sound common sense, possessing indefatigable energy, graciously kind and of playful humour, and constantly guarding against the temptation to be imperious. The caricature made of him by the envoy of the Count of Gueldre: "worthless devotee, hypocritical king" was very far from the truth. On the contrary, St. Louis, through his personal qualities as well as his saintliness, increased for many centuries the prestige of the French monarchy (see FRANCE). St. Louis's canonization was proclaimed at Orvieto in 1297, by Boniface VIII. Of the inquiries in view of canonization, carried on from 1273 till 1297, we have only fragmentary reports published by Delaborde ("Mémoires de la société de l'histoire de Paris et de l'Ilea de France," XXIII, 1896) and a series of extracts compiled by Guillaume de St. Pathus, Queen Marguerite's confessor, under the title of "Vie Monseigneur Saint Loys" (Paris, 1899).

88212681. Margaret of Provence was born estimated 1212/1223.

109054872. Robert de VERE was born about 1164 in Hatfield, Essex, England. He died 25 Oct 1221 in England and was buried in Colne, Essex, England. Robert married Isabel BOLEBEC.

MAGNA CARTA SURETY

3rd Earl of Oxford, Lord of Chamberland of England

109054873. Isabel BOLEBEC was born about 1164 in Hatfield, Essex, England. She died 2 or 3 Feb 1245 in England.

109054874. Sahir de QUINCY IV was born 1155 in Winchester, Hampshire, England. He died 3 Nov 1219 in Damietta, on the way to the Holy Land, Palestine and was buried in Acre, Palestine. Sahir married Margaret de BEAUMONT about 1174 in England.

109054875. Margaret de BEAUMONT was born 1154 in Hampshire, England. She died 12 Jan 1234 and was buried in Brackley, Northamptonshire, England.

109054880. "Rechin" FOLQUES IV Count of Anjou was born 1043. He died 14 Apr 1109. "Rechin" married Bertrade de MONTFORT.

109054881. Bertrade de MONTFORT was born 1059.

109054882. Elias (Helie) Count of Maine was born 1060 in Maine, France. He died 1110. Elias married Matilda de Chateau du LOIRE.

109054883. Matilda de Chateau du LOIRE was born 1055 in Chateau du Loire, France.

109054884. GuillaumeI "le Conquberant" de Normandie WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR King of England (1066-1087) was born 14 Oct 1024. He died 9 Sep 1087 in Hermentrube, near Rouen, France and was buried in St. Stephens Saltash, Cornwall, England. GuillaumeI married Matilda BALDWIN Countess of Flanders/Queen of England.

William the Conquerer ruled England from 1066 until 1087. He was married in Notre Dame Cathedral to Matilda of Flanders.

William, the illigitimate son of Robert I, Duke of Normandy, spent his first six years with his mother (Herleva) in Falaise and received the duchy of Normandy upon his father's death in 1035. A council consisting of noblemen and William's appointed guardians ruled Normandy but ducal authority waned under the Normans' violent nature and the province was wracked with assassination and revolt for twelve years.

In 1047, William reasserted himself in the eastern Norman regions and, with the help of France's King Henry I, crushed the rebelling barons. He spent the next several years consolidating his strength on the continent through marriage diplomacy, war and savage intimidation. By 1066, Normandy was in a position of virtual independence from William's feudal lord, Henry I of France and the disputed succession in England offered William an opportunity for invasion.

He invaded England and defeated, killed his rival Harold at the Battle of Hastings and became King. The Norman conquest of England was completed by 1072, aided by the establishment of feudalism under which his followers were granted land in return for pledges of service and loyalty. As King, William was noted for his efficient, if harsh, rule. His administration relied upon Norman and other foriegn personnel, especially Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury.

William died as he lived, an inveterate warrior. He died on September 9, 1087 from complications of a wound he recieved in a siege on the town of Mantes.

The "Anglo Saxon Chronicle" gave a favorable review of William's twenty one year reign, but added: "His anxiety for money is the only thing for which he can deservedly be blamed,...he would say and do some things and indeed almost anything...where the hope of money allured him." He was certainly cruel by modern standards, and exacted a high toll from his subjects, but he laid the foundation for the economic and political success of England.

William I the Conqueror, King of England

Born: 1028, Falaise,Normandy,France

Acceded: 25 DEC 1066, Westminster Abbey, London, England

Died: 9 SEP 1087, Hermentrube, Near Rouen, France

Interred: St Stephen Abbey,Caen,Normandy

Notes: Reigned 1066-1087. Duke of Normandy 1035-1087. Invaded England defeated and killed his rival Harold at the Battle of Hastings and became King. The Norman conquest of England was completed by 1072 aided by the establishment of feaudalism under which his followers were granted land in return for pledges of service and loyalty. As King William was noted for his efficient if harsh rule. His administration relied upon Norman and other foreign personnell especially Lanfranc Archbishop of Canterbury. In 1085 started Domesday Book.

Father: Normandy, Robert II the Devil of, Duke of Normandy 6th, b. CIR 1008

Mother: , Herleva (Arlette), Officer of the Household, b. CIR 1012

Married 1053, Cathedral of Notre Dame d'Eu, Normandy to , Matilda of Flanders

Child 1: , Robert II Curthose, Duke of Normandy, b. 1054

Child 2: , Richard, Duke of Bernay, b. ABT 1055

Child 3: , Cecilia of Holy Trinity, Abbess of Caen, b. 1056

Child 4: , Adeliza, Nun, b. 1055

Child 5: , William II Rufus, King of England, b. 1056/60

Child 6: , Constance, b. ABT 1066

Child 7: , Adela, Countess of Blois, b. ABT 1067

Child 8: , Agatha, b. ABT 1064

Child 9: , Matilda

Child 10: , Henry I Beauclerc, King of England, b. ABT SEP 1068



109054885. Matilda BALDWIN Countess of Flanders/Queen of England was born 1031 in Flanders.

109054886. "Ceanmor (Longneck) I MALCOLM III King of Scotland was born 1031. He died 13 Nov 1093. "Ceanmor married St. Margaret ATHELING of Scotland.

109054887. St. Margaret ATHELING of Scotland died 1093.

Margaret was canonised in 1250 and her feast day is November 16. In 1057 she arrived at the English court of Edward the Confessor. Ten years later she was in exile after William (the Conquerer) defeated Harold at the Battle of Hastings. She fled to Scotland where she was married against her wishes to King Malcolm III and to whom she bore six sons and two daughters. Her unlearned and boorish husband grew daily more graceful under the Queen's graceful influence. Her remains were removed to Escorial Spain and her head to Douai, France.

She is the 27th great grandmother of Earl R. (Nearl) Fraley

109054890. WILLIAM IV Count of Toulouse was born 1040. He died 1093. married Emma of Montaigne.

109054891. Emma of Montaigne.

109054896. Guillaume I TAILLEFER was born 895 in Angouleme, Charente, France. He died 956. Guillaume was married was married 923 in Angouleme, Charente, France.

109055472. Richard de CLARE.

109055832. FERDINAND II King of Leon married Urraca of Portugal on 1160. The marriage ended in divorce.

109055833. Urraca of Portugal died 1176.

109055834. ALFONZO VIII King of Castile married Eleanor.

109055835. Eleanor.

109055838. WILLIAM III Count of Ponthieu was born 1179. He died 1221. married Alice on 1195.

109055839. Alice.

28. Generation

176425360. LOUIS VIII.

218109744. Aubrey de VERE was born 1120. He married Lucia ESSEX.

1st Earl of Essex (W246-26)

218109745. Lucia ESSEX was born 1125.

218109746. Walter BOLEBEC was born 1140. He married Sibil de VESEY.

218109747. Sibil de VESEY was born 1142.

218109748. Robert de QUINCY was born about 1127 in Long Buckby, Northamptonshire, England. He died before 29 Sep 1197. Robert married Orebella de LEUCHARS about 1153. The marriage ended in divorce.

218109749. Orebella de LEUCHARS was born about 1133 in Leuchers, Fifeshire, Scotland. She died 1181.

218109750. Robert III de BEAUMONT Earl of Leicester was born 1130. He married Petronilla GRENTMESNIL.



218109751. Petronilla GRENTMESNIL was born 1134.

218109760. "Ferreol" GEOFFREY II Count of Gastinois was born 1000. He married Ermengarde Countess of Anjou.

218109761. Ermengarde Countess of Anjou was born 1018. She died 21 Mar 1067.

218109762. SIMON I of Montfort was born 1025 in Montfort Amaury, Ile de France, France. He married Agnaes de EVREUX.

218109763. Agnaes de EVREUX was born 1030 in Evreux, Normandie.

218109764. Jean de Baugency de la FLECHE was born 1030 in Fleche, Sarthe, France. He married Unknown.

218109765. Unknown.

218109766. Gervase Seigneur de Chateau du LOIRE was born 1030 in Chateau du Loire, France. He married Erenburg, Mrs de Chateau du LOIRE.

218109767. Erenburg, Mrs de Chateau du LOIRE was born 1030 in France.

218109768. "The Magnificent" ROBERT II Duke of Normandy (1035-1087) was born about 1008 in Normandy, France. He died 22 Jan 1035 in Nice, Bithynia. "The married Herleve (Arlette)de FALAISE Officer of the Household on Associated.

Robert II, "the Devil", 6th Duke of Normandy, is the 28th great grandfather of Earl R. (Nearl) Fraley and was married to Estrith of Denmark and they were divorced after only one year. He then became associated with Harleva, an officer of the household, by which he fathered two children, one of which was William the Conqueror.

Robert contributed to the restoration of Henry, King of France, to his throne, and received from the gratitude of that monardh, the Vexin, as an addition to his patrimonial domains. In the 8th year of his reign, curiosity or devotion induced him to undertake a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, where the fatigues of the journey and the heat of the climate so impaired his constitution that he died on his way home.

Normandy, Robert II the Devil of, Duke of Normandy 6th

Born: CIR 1008, Normandy, France

Acceded: 6 AUG 1028

Died: 22 JUN 1035, Nice, Bithynia

Notes: Robert contributed to the restoration of Henry King of France to his throne, and received from the gratitude of that monarch, the Vexin, as an additional to his patrimonial domains. In the 8th year of his reign, curiosity or devotn induced him to undertake a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, where the fatiges of the journey and the heat of the climate so impaired his consitution he died on his way home. Some sources call him Robert I the Magnificent!

Father: Normandy, Richard II the Good of, Duke of Normany 4th

Mother: , Judith of Brittany, b. ABT 982

Associated with , Herleva (Arlette), Officer of the Household

Child 1: , Adeliza of Normany, Countess of Aumale, b. 1029

Child 2: , William I the Conqueror, King of England, b. 1028

Married 1031 Divorce 1032 to , Estrith (Margaret) of Denmark

218109769. Herleve (Arlette)de FALAISE Officer of the Household was born about 1012. She died about 1050 and was buried in Abbey of St. Grestain, France.



218109770. BALDWIN V Count of Flanders was born about 1012. He died 1 Sep 1067 in Lille, France. married Adela (Alix) CAPET Princess of France on 1028.

Baldwin V entered into hostilities with Emperor Otho II and acquired from him Valenciennes and the Isles of Zealand. He subsequently further increased his territories by another rich accession, that of the citadel of Ghent.

Baldwin V "the Pious" was the 28th Great Grandfather of Earl R. (Nearl) Fraley

218109771. Adela (Alix) CAPET Princess of France.

218109772. DUNCAN I King of Scots died 14 Aug 1040.

218109774. Edward the Outlaw ATHELING was born about 1016. He died 1057 and was buried in St. Paul's Cathedral. Edward married Agatha of Hungary.

218109775. Agatha of Hungary.

218109780. PONS Count of Toulouse died 1060. He married Adelmode (Almodis) de la MARCHE.

218109781. Adelmode (Almodis) de la MARCHE was born 990. She died 17 Nov 1075.

218109782. ROBERT Count of Montaigne.

218109792. Alduin TAILLEFER Count of Angouleme was born 866 in Angouleme, Charente, France. He died 25 Mar 916. Alduin was married was married 894 in Angouleme, Charente, France.

218111664. ALFONZO VII Emperor was born 1103. He died 1157. married Berengaria (Berenguela on 1124.

218111665. Berengaria (Berenguela died 1149.

218111666. ALFONZO I King of Portugal married Maud of Savoy.

218111667. Maud of Savoy.

218111668. "the Great" SANCHO III King of Castile, Navarre, & Aragon married Blanche of Navarre.

218111669. Blanche of Navarre.

218111676. JEAN I Count of Ponthieu died 1191. He married Beatrice.

218111677. Beatrice.

218111678. LOUIS VII King of France married Constance.

218111679. Constance.

29. Generation

436219488. II Aubrey de VERE died 15 May 1141 in Slain in London England. He married Adeliza (Alice) de CLARE.

Sheriff of London and Middlesex

436219489. Adeliza (Alice) de CLARE.

436219490. Henry de ESSEX married Cecely.

436219491. Cecely.

436219492. Walter BOLEBEC married Helawise.



436219493. Helawise.

436219496. Saher de QUINCY was born about 1100 in Daventry, Northamptonshire, England. He died 1158. Saher married Maud ST. LIZ.

436219497. Maud ST. LIZ was born about 1096 in Tunbridge, Kent, England. She died 1140.

436219498. Nes de LEUCHARS.

436219500. Robert II de BEAUMONT Earl married Amice de (Uta) GAEL (WAIET) Countess. There were other parents

436219501. Amice de (Uta) GAEL (WAIET) Countess.

436219502. Hugh II de GRENTMESNIL Baron.

436219520. "Ferreol" GEOFFREY I Count of Gastinois was born 970. He married Beatrice de MACON.

436219521. Beatrice de MACON was born 974.

436219522. "le Noir" FOLQUES III 5th Count of Anjou was born 967 in Anjou, France. He died 1040. "le married Hildegarde Countess of Anjou after 1000.

436219523. Hildegarde Countess of Anjou was born 964 in Anjou, France. She died 1 Apr 1046 in Jerusalem, Palastein.

436219524. Amauri (Amaury) Signeur de MONTFORT was born 1000 in Evreux, Normandie, France. He married Bertrade de GOMETZ.

436219525. Bertrade de GOMETZ was born 1001 in Ile de France, France.

436219526. Richard of EVEREUX Count of Evereux died 1067.

436219528. LANCLIN I de Beaugency died 1051/1060. He married Paule du ANFOULEME et de Perigord.

436219529. Paule du ANFOULEME et de Perigord.

436219532. Robert S. de Chateau du LOIRE was born 1000 in Chateau, Eure-Et-Loire.

436219536. RICHARD II 4th Duke of Normandy died 28 Aug 1026. He married Judith of Bretagne about 1000.

Normandy, Richard II the Good of, Duke of Normany 4th

Acceded: 996

Died: 28 AUG 1026

Father: Normandy, Richard I the Fearless of, Duke of Normandy 3rd, b. 933

Mother: Crêpon, Gunnor of

Married ABT 1000 to , Judith of Brittany

Child 1: , Richard III of Normandy, Duke of Normandy 5th

Child 2: Normandy, Robert II the Devil of, Duke of Normandy 6th, b. CIR 1008

Child 3: , William (Nicholas), Monk at Féchamp

Child 4: , Alice (Adelaide, Judith)

Child 5: , Daughter

Child 6: , Eleanora of Normandy

Married 1017 Divorce to , Estrith (Margaret) of Denmark

Married ABT 1024 to , Papia of Envermeu

Child 7: , Mauger of Rouen, Archbishop of Rouen

Child 8: , William of Arques, Count of Arques

Child 9: , Papia

436219537. Judith of Bretagne was born 982 in Bretagne, France. She died 1017/1018.

436219538. Fulbert de FALAISE Tanner/Furrier married Druxia "Doda" de FALAISE.

436219539. Druxia "Doda" de FALAISE.

436219540. "Fairbeard" BALDWIN IV Earl/Count of Flanders was born about 980. He died 30 May 1035. "Fairbeard" married Ogive of Luxemburg on 1012.

436219541. Ogive of Luxemburg.

436219542. ROBERT I of France.

436219544. Crinan MORMAER of Atholl died 1045. He married Bethoc of Scotland.

436219545. Bethoc of Scotland.

436219548. Ironside EDMUND II King of England was born 989. He died 1016. Ironside married Ealdgyth.

Edmund II, Ironside, reigned only 7 months, from April until November in 1016. He was murdered at the instigation of his brother-in-law, Edric.

Edmund was King of England for only a few months. After the death of his father, Æthelred II, in April 1016, Edmund led the defense of the city of London against the invading Knut Sveinsson (Canute), and was proclaimed king by the Londoners. Meanwhile, the Witan (Council), meeting at Southampton, chose Canute as King. After a series of inconclusive military engagements, in which Edmund performed brilliantly and earned the nickname "Ironside", he defeated the Danish forces at Oxford, Kent, but was routed by Canute's forces at Ashingdon, Essex. A subsequent peace agreement was made, with Edmund controlling Wessex and Canute controlling Mercia and Northumbria. It was also agreed that whoever survived the other would take control of the whole realm. Unfortunately for Edmund, he died in November, 1016, transferring the Kingship of All England completely to Canute.

436219549. Ealdgyth.

436219550. Emperor "Bruno" HENRY II of Germany.

436219560. WILLIAM III died 1307. He married Emma of Provence on 990.

436219561. Emma of Provence.

436219562. BERNARD I de la Marche was born 986. He died 1047. married Amelia de Montignac.

436219563. Amelia de Montignac was born 990. She died 1072.

436219584. Wulgrim de ANGOULEME was born 835 in Maine, France. He died 3 May 886 in Angouleme, Charente, Aquitane, France. Wulgrim married Rosalinde Countess of Agenois on 865 in Angouleme, Charente, France.

436219585. Rosalinde Countess of Agenois was born 842.



436223328. Raymund (Raimundo) of Burgundy died 1107. He married Dona URRACA Queen of Navarre and of Austurias, Leon, and Castile.

436223329. Dona URRACA Queen of Navarre and of Austurias, Leon, and Castile.

436223330. Ramond BERENGAR III of Barcelona married Maria.

436223331. Maria.

436223336. ALFONZO-RAIMUND VII Emperor.

436223338. SANCHO VI OR VII King of Navarre (1150-1194) died 1194. He married Sancha of Castile.

436223339. Sancha of Castile.

436223352. GUY II Count of Ponthieu died 1147. He married Ida.

436223353. Ida.

436223354. Anselme Count de St. Pol.

436223358. ALPHONSO VII King of Castile married Berenguela.

436223359. Berenguela.

30. Generation

872438978. Gilbert Fitzrichard de CLARE was born 1030. He died 1090. Gilbert married Rohese GIFFORD.

Earl of clare and Lord of Tunbridge

872438979. Rohese GIFFORD was born 1034.

872438994. de Senlis (St. Liz) SIMON was born 1068 in Normandy, France. He died 1109 in England. de married Matilda (Maud) HUNTINGTON Queen on 1098.

872438995. Matilda (Maud) HUNTINGTON Queen.

872439000. Robert de BEAUMONT Count married Emma de BRETEULL on 1096.

872439001. Emma de BRETEULL.

872439002. Ralph de WAIET Earl of Norfolk married Emma FITZOSBORNE.

872439003. Emma FITZOSBORNE.

872439004. Ivo (or Ives) de GRENTMESNIL was born 1064 in Normandy, France. He died 1118. Ivo married Felia de GAUNT on 1094 in Leicestershire, England.

872439005. Felia de GAUNT.

872439040. AUBRI Count of the Gatinais was born 950.

872439042. ALBERIC II Count of Macon was born 973 in Macon, Seine-Et-Loire, France. He married Ermentrude (Irmtrude) Countess of Rheims.

872439043. Ermentrude (Irmtrude) Countess of Rheims was born 963 in Rheim, Marne, France.

872439044. (Geoffroi) Greygown GEOFFREY I was born 965/967. He died Jul 987. (Geoffroi) married Adela de MEAUX.



872439045. Adela de MEAUX was born 950. She died 974/987.

872439048. Guillaume MONTFORT Baron was born 960 in Evreux, Normandie, France.

872439050. Guillaume de GOMETZ was born 975 in Ile de France, France. He married Bertrade de GOMETZ.

872439051. Bertrade de GOMETZ was born 1001 in Ile de France, France.

872439052. Robert of EVEREUX Archbishop died 1087.

872439058. HERIBERT I du Maine.

872439064. Aimon S. de Chateau du LOIRE was born 975. He married Hildeburge de BELESME.

872439065. Hildeburge de BELESME was born 975.

872439072. "Sans Peur" (The Fearless) RICHARD I 3rd Duke of Normandy was born 933 in Fecamp, France. He died 20 Nov 996 in Fecamp, France. "Sans married Gonnor de CREPON after 960.

Normandy, Richard I the Fearless of, Duke of Normandy 3rd

Born: 933, Fecamp, France

Acceded: 942

Died: 20 NOV 996, Fecamp, France

Father: Normandy, William I LONGSWORD of, Duke of Normany 2nd

Mother: Senlis, Sprota (Adela) of

Married 960 to Paris, Emma of

Married to Crêpon, Gunnor of

Child 1: Normandy, Richard II the Good of, Duke of Normany 4th

Child 2: , Mauger of Corbeil, Earl of Corbeil

Child 3: , Robert of Evereaux, Count, Bishop of Rouen

Child 4: , Matilda

Child 5: , Emma of Normandy, b. CIR 986

Child 6: , Hedwig (Hawise)

Child 7: , Beatrix of Normandy

Child 8: , Godfrey of Brionne & Eu

Child 9: Hiesmes, William of, Count of Eu

872439073. Gonnor de CREPON was born 936. She died 1031.

872439074. CONAN I Duke of Gretagne died 992. He married Ermangarde d' ANJOU.

872439075. Ermangarde d' ANJOU.

872439080. ARNOLPH II Count of Flanders was born about 961. He died 988. married Rozela (Susanna) of Italy on 968.



872439081. Rozela (Susanna) of Italy.

872439090. MALCOLM II King of Scotts died 25 Nov 1034.

872439096. The Unready AETHELRED II King of England was born 968. He died 23 Apr 1016. The married Elfreda (AElfgifu).

Aethelred II was called the "Unready" King. He reigned from 979 until 1013 when he was deposed, and then again from 1014 until 1016. The term unready referred to the fact that he took the throne unexpectedly at the age of 10 years old when his father died. He had not been prepared to become king and therefore was "unready". In the face of Danish raids, he was forced to pay huge tributes to the enemy. He was driven into exile by Sweyn but returned after Sweyn died.

He succeeded to the throne after the murder of his half-brother, Edward II, the Martyr, at the age of ten. His reign was plagued by poor advice from his personal favorites and suspicions of his complicity in Edward's murder. His was a rather long and ineffective reign, which was notable for little other than the payment of the Danegeld, an attempt to buy off the Viking invaders with money. The relentless invasions by the Danish Vikings, coupled with their ever-escalating demands for more money, forced him to abandon his throne in 1013. He fled to Normandy for safety, but was later recalled to his old throne at the death of Svein Forkbeard in 1014. He died in London in 1016.

872439097. Elfreda (AElfgifu) was born 963.

872439120. RAIMOND Count of Toulouse died 950. He married Bertha.

872439121. Bertha.

872439124. ADALBERT I Count of Haute-Marche was born 945. He died 997. married Aisceline de LIMOGES.

872439125. Aisceline de LIMOGES was born 950. She died 997.

872439126. Geraud de MONTIGNAC married Nonia de GRANOL.

872439127. Nonia de GRANOL.

872439168. Roricon Count of Maine was born 790 in Maine, France. He married Blichilde Countess of Maine on 834 in Maine, Normandy, France.

872439169. Blichilde Countess of Maine was born 794 in Maine, Normandy, France.

872446656. WILLIAM Count of Burgundy.

872446658. ALFONZO VI King of Leon and Navarre, King of Castile, King of Galicia married Agnes of Aquitane.

872446659. Agnes of Aquitane.

872446676. Garcia RAMIREZ IV King of Navarre died 1150. He married Marguerite de l' AIGLE.

872446677. Marguerite de l' AIGLE.

872446704. WILLIAM II Count of Alencon and Ponthieu died 1172. He married Alice.

872446705. Alice.

31. Generation

1744877956. Richard Fitz de Clare GILBERT was born 1030. He died 1090. Richard married Gunnora D' AUNOU.

1744877957. Gunnora D' AUNOU was born 984.



1744877958. Walter GIFFORD was born 1010. He died 1085. Walter married Ermentrude FLEITEL.

1744877959. Ermentrude FLEITEL was born 1014.

1744877988. the Rich RANULPH was born 1042.

1744877990. WALTHEOF II Earl of Northampton/Hastings died 1073 (beheaded). He married Judith of Lens.

1744877991. Judith of Lens was born 1054.

1744878000. Roger de BEAUMONT Count was born 1022. He died 1094. Roger married Adeliza MEULENT Countess.

1744878001. Adeliza MEULENT Countess.

1744878008. Hugh de GRENTMESNIL Lord of Hinckley was born 1032. He died 22 Feb 1098. Hugh married Alice Adeliza de BEAUMONT.

1744878009. Alice Adeliza de BEAUMONT was born 1034.

1744878080. GEOFFREY Count of the Gatinais was born 925.

1744878086. Renaud de ROUCY died 973. He married Alberade de LORRAINE.

1744878087. Alberade de LORRAINE.

Count of Rheims and Roucy (W151-19)

1744878088. the Good FULK (FULQUES) II 3rd Count of Anjou married Gerberga d' ARLES OF MAINE.

1744878089. Gerberga d' ARLES OF MAINE.

1744878090. Robert de VERMANDOIS Count of Troyes, of the house of Vermandois died 968. He married Adelaide-Werra de CHALONS.

1744878091. Adelaide-Werra de CHALONS.

1744878104. The Fearless RICHARD I Duke of Normandy married Lady Gunnora of Denmark.

1744878105. Lady Gunnora of Denmark.

1744878116. HUGUES III du Maine died 1015.

1744878144. Longsword WILLIAM I 2nd Duke of Normandy died 17 Dec 942. He married Sprota, (Adela) of Senlis on Associated with.

Normandy, William I LONGSWORD of, Duke of Normany 2nd

Acceded: 932

Died: 17 DEC 942

Father: Ragnvaldsson, Robert (Rollo) of Norway, Duke of Normandy 1st, b. 870

Mother: de Valois, Poppa of Normandy, Duchess of Normandy

Associated with Senlis, Sprota (Adela) of

Child 1: Normandy, Richard I the Fearless of, Duke of Normandy 3rd, b. 933

Child 2: D'Ivry, Raoul



Married 935 to Vermandois, Luitgarda of

1744878145. Sprota, (Adela) of Senlis.

Senlis, Sprota (Adela) of

Born: Bretagne, Normandy

Father: Senlis, Hubert I Count of, Count of Senlis, b. ABT 850

Associated with Normandy, William I LONGSWORD of, Duke of Normany 2nd

Child 1: Normandy, Richard I the Fearless of, Duke of Normandy 3rd, b. 933

Child 2: D'Ivry, Raoul

1744878160. BALDWIN III Count of Flanders and Artoi was born about 940. He died 1 Nov 962. married Matilda BILUNG on 961.

1744878161. Matilda BILUNG.

1744878180. KENNETH II King of Scots died 995.

1744878192. The Peaceful EDGAR King of England was born 943. He died 8 Jul 975. The married AElfthryth (Elfrida) of Devon.

Edgar was known as the Peaceful King of England. He first married Aethelflaeda the Fair and had one child, St. Edward the Martyr, King of England. He then had another child out of wedlock with St. Wulfryth, the Abess of Wilton. That childs was St. Eadgyth (Edith), Abess of Barking. He had a second marraige to Aelfthryth (Elfrida) and she bore him two children, Edmund, and AEthelred II, The Unready. Aelfthryth and Edgar were 31st. great grand parents of Earl R. (Nearl) Fraley.

Edgar (959-75 AD)

Edgar was made King of Mercia and Northumbria in 957 and succeed to the throne of Wessex at his brother, Eadwig's, death in 959. With this, Edgar was King of Mercia, Northumbria and Wessex (the three most powerful kingdoms in England at that time), simultaneously and could be considered the first ruler of a United England. Some of his predecessors were Kings of All England by virtue of being King of Wessex and, at the same time, enjoying a temporary military ascendancy over the other kingdoms.

He was formally crowned in 973 and received the ceremonial submission of all the other kings in Britain. He wisely recalled (St.) Dunstan from exile and made him Archbishop of Canterbury and his closest personal advisor. His reign was prosperous and peaceful and he is generally credited with the revival of the English church.

1744878193. AElfthryth (Elfrida) of Devon was born 945.

1744878194. Earl of Thorad.

1744878242. BOSO OF TUSCANY died 936. He married Willa of Burgundy.

1744878243. Willa of Burgundy.

1744878248. BOSO I Count of Marche & Prerigord was born 905. He died after 975. married Emma of Perigord.

1744878249. Emma of Perigord was born 905.

1744878250. GERAUD DE Viscount of Limoges.

1744893316. FERDINAND I Count of Castile married SANCHA I Queen & heiress of Leon.

1744893317. SANCHA I Queen & heiress of Leon died 1067.



1744893318. WILLIAM X Duke of Aquitaine was married was married 1079. The marriage ended in divorce.

1744893352. RAMIRO II Count of Moncon married Elvira.

1744893353. Elvira.

1744893408. Robert II d' ALENCON died 1119. He married Agnes PONTHIEU.

1744893409. Agnes PONTHIEU.

1744893410. EUDES I Count of Bourgogne married Maud.

1744893411. Maud.

32. Generation

3489755912. GEOFFREY Count of Eu and Brionne was born 953.

3489755914. Herbastus de CREPON.

3489755916. Osbern de BOLEBEC was born 970/980. He married Avelina.

3489755917. Avelina was born 974.

3489755918. Gerald FLAITEL.

3489755980. the Saxon SIWARD Earl of Northumberland.

3489755982. LAMBERT OF LENS Count of Lens died 1054. He married Adelaide.

3489755983. Adelaide.

3489756000. Humphrey de VILLES was born 975. He died 28 Sep 1044. Humphrey married Aubreye de la HAIE.

3489756001. Aubreye de la HAIE was born 984. She died 20 Sep 1045.

3489756002. Waleran BEAUMONT Count of Meulan was born 990. He died 1096. Waleran married Ode de CONTEVILLE.

3489756003. Ode de CONTEVILLE was born 994.

3489756016. Robert de GRENTMESNIL was born 1003. He died 1038. Robert married Hawise de ESCHAUFFEN.

3489756017. Hawise de ESCHAUFFEN was born 1007.

3489756160. AUBRI Count of the Gatinais was born 900.

3489756174. Gislebert Duke of Lorraine died 930. He married Gerberga.

3489756175. Gerberga.

3489756176. the Red FULK (FULQUES) I 2nd Count of Anjou (899-940) married Roscilla (Rosalie) of Loches.

3489756177. Roscilla (Rosalie) of Loches.

3489756178. GEOFFREY I Vicomte of Orleans.

3489756180. Heribert II VERMANDOIS Comt de Vermandois was born 880. He died 23 Feb 943. Heribert married Adela v. NEUSTRIEN.



3489756181. Adela v. NEUSTRIEN.

3489756182. Giselert de CHALONS was born 956. He married Ermengarde de BOURGOGNE.

3489756183. Ermengarde de BOURGOGNE.

3489756210. Blaatland, Bluetooth HARALD I King of Denmark was born 910. He died 981.

Harold Bluetooth

(BLAATAND) Born 911; died 1 November, 985 or 986. He was the son of King Gorm the Old of Denmark and of Thyra, daughter of a noblemen of Schleswig (Sunderjylland) who is supposed to have been kindly disposed towards Christianity. His mother must have implanted in the child's soul the first germs of faith which his father, a devout servant of Wotan, did his utmost to destroy. The latter's invasion of Friesland in 934 involved him in war with the German King, Henry I. Having been vanquished, he was forced to restore the churches which he had demolished as well as to grant toleration to his Christian subjects, and he died one year later, bequeathing his throne to Harold. Bishop Unni of Bremen, accompanied by Benedictine monks from the Abbey of Corvey, preached the gospel in Jutland (Jylland) and the Danish isles, and soon won the confidence of the young ruler, although he did not succeed in persuading him to receive baptism. Harold sought to shut the Germans out of his kingdom by strengthening the "Danawirk"-a series of ramparts and fortifications that existed until the latter half of the nineteenth century; moreover, as absolute quiet prevailed throughout the interior, he was even able to turn his thoughts to foreign enterprises. Again and again he came to the help of Richard the Fearless of Normandy (in the years 945 and 963), while his son conquered Semland and, after the assassination of King Harold Graafeld of Norway, he also managed to force the people of that country into temporary subjection to himself. Meanwhile the new religion had become more and more deeply rooted among the Danes. Even a few members of the nobility (such as Frode, Viceroy of Jutland) embraced the faith and soon episcopal sees were established (Schleswig, Ribe, Aarhus). However the prominent part the Germans had in these achievements as well as the lofty idea of the Roman Empire then prevailing led Otto I, the Great, to require Harold to recognize him as "advocatus", or lord protector of the Danish church, and even as "Lord Paramount". It is easy to understand why the indignant king of the Danes replied to this demand with a declaration of war, and why the "emperor" sought to force his "vassal" into subjection.

 

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