1891 Arizona
The following was extracted from Arizona, A Comprehensive Review of It's History, Counties, Principal Cities, Resources and Prospects, Together with Notices of the Business Men and Firms Who Have Made the Territory, by H C Stinson, published in 1891.
[Page 75]
As already indicated, in the introduction to this sketch of the Territory
of Arizona, Pima County was the first part settled by Europeans, the Mission
Fathers having "broken ground" - both in the natural and in the spiritual
sense, by opening mines and missions with praiseworthy industry and no
little measure of success. The causes of their ultimate abandonment of both
undertakings - or rather their forcible expulsion from the scenes of their
labors - have been, also, set forth; as likewise have been the repeated
subsequent attempts to settle up the country, and the obstacles which
thwarted those attempts for so many long and troublous years. Pima was also
the first political division of Arizona organized under American rule,
having been made a county in 1864 by the first Territorial legislature. It
was, at first, bounded on the north, by the Gila River; on the south, by the
boundary line of Sonora; on the west, by the Gulf of California; and on the
east, by the line of 113° 20' west longitude; which limits included the
greater part of the famous Gadsden purchase. Its bounds have, however, been
gradually contracted by the cutting off from it of Cochise, and parts of
Pinal and Graham counties. It now contains about 10,500 square miles, and is
bounded on the north, by Maricopa and Pinal counties; on the east, by
Cochise County; on the west, by Yuma; and on the south by the Mexican
boundary line.
The general topography of the county has been incidentally described in the
general description of the Territory; but a more detailed notice may be
found interesting.
The country between Tucson, which is the county seat and the oldest city in
the Territory, consists of an alternation of lofty mountains, rolling
foot-hills and grass-covered plains; and the same description fits the
eastern portion of the county, stretching to the boundary line separating it
from Cochise. The northern part of the county consists of arid plains, the
monotonous expanse of which is only broken by the abrupt and massive Santa
Catalinas. The western portion, lying along the Gulf of California, is a
vast rolling plain, with here and there a lone peak, or butte, rising out of
it, and presenting a jagged, broken and uninviting appearance. Except for
the mineral wealth contained in those rocky peaks, they would offer no
inducement whatever for the foot of man to explore them, for the surrounding
plains are arid and covered with a sparse sprinkling of coarse grass and
scrub mesquite.
The other mountain ranges, besides the Santa Catalinas, are the Santa Rita,
the Patagonia, the Whetstone and the Atascoso ranges, all of which lie in
the southern and eastern part of the county.
The only river of any consequence in Pima County is the Santa Cruz, the
course of which is from the Mexican boundary north to Maricopa, and its
peculiarity a trick of disappearing in its gravelly bed and reappearing at
greater or lesser intervals. Wherever it condescends to show itself, so as
to be made available for irrigation, the country is a very garden of
fertility and productiveness. Indeed, independent of this, in the portion of
the county from Tucson south to the Sonora boundary, there are many valleys
embosomed in the Santa Rita and Patagonia ranges which are of great beauty
and richness, and form ideal grazing grounds.
But little can be added on the history of the county to what has already
been said, under the head of the early history of Arizona, for, up to its
organization as a Territory in 1863, the annuls of Arizona were synonymous
with those of what was afterwards called Pima County. Its early history is a
checquered record of perils, outrages and vicissitudes undergone by those
who made the first attempts to civilize and settle it; and, even after its
acquisition from Mexico by the United States, it was in a condition little,
if any, better than anarchy, bo far was it removed from the seat of anything
approaching the semblance of government. The country was, moreover, swept
periodically by the ruthless Apaches on the one hand, and raided
systematically by thieving outlaws from Sonora on the other, until it came
almost to be regarded as moon-struck madness for any one to propose to
settle there.
The close of the civil war and the placing of the Apaches on reservations,
however, marked the beginning of an era of prosperity, rapid settlement and
substantial progress; and, to-day, the opening up of its magnificent
resources in mines and grazing lands is being proceeded with, with a
rapidity and success which cannot fail to give Pima County, in a short time,
a very high place indeed among the rich and prosperous portions of the
Southwest.
The principal resources of Pima County at present, are mining, agriculture
and stock. Irrigated lands will produce two crops a year of almost
everything planted, while in hay from four to six crops are regularly and
successfully harvested. The plowing season is from November to March for hay
and grain; July for corn, wheat, barley, oats and potatoes for winter
seeding; sorghum, corn and millet for summer planting. Vegetables are
cultivated all the year round. A novel sight to an Eastern stranger in
Tucson during the winter, is the Chinese vegetable wagon, which makes
regular trips every day in the year.
But while agriculture in the county is yet in its infancy, sufficient has
been accomplished to demonstrate the success to be attained and the
possibilities to be looked forward to. What has been done in the way of
agriculture, so far, has been largely experimental, and in every instance
the soil has proved itself a marvel in richness ; with proper irrigation it
needs only to be scratched, and the yield is comparable with that of any
other known country in the world. The average hay crop for each single
cutting is about two tons to the acre, and thirty to fifty bushels of wheat
and barley. Fruit trees blossom in February and March and the fruit
begins to ripen in May. Grape vines have produced from two to three crops
during the season, and many small garden vineyards in the county yield
grapes that for size of bunch and berry, and richness of flavor, far excel
any grapes brought to this market from California, from whence all fruit was
received till within
the past two or three years. The olive and palm flourish, and in some
instances the castor bean has withstood the winter, making a good-sized
tree.
More attention is given to stock-raising now than to any other one industry,
and a low estimate would place the number of cattle browsing on the
succulent grasses and mesquite of this county at 150,000 head, representing
a value approximating 11,500,000. During the last spring there were 15,000
two-year-old steers shipped to Montana, realizing for their owners nearly
$200,000 in cash, besides supplying the regular demand for beef cattle from
California.
The following abstract from the assessment roll of Pima County for the year
1889, gives a fair estimate of the assessable value of property in the
county:
No. acres
Value of improvements 125,159.00
Value of lots, town and city 251,356.00
Value of improvements 646,457.00
No. miles railroad, 125 910,419.64
No. horses, 5,311 91,083.00
No. mules, 303 8,555.00
No. asses, 70 706.00
No. cattle, 109,260 952,961.50
No. sheep, 1,604 1,604.00
No. swine, 183 450.00
No. goats, 80 , 80.00
Gross value all other property 600,388.-50
Gross amount all property. $3,878,793.64
Loss exempt act. widows 58,513.00
Total amount taxable property $3,820,280.64
Number of miles railroad as reported by a Territorial Board of Equalization,
report signed by J. T. Meador, Chairman and Auditor, and Henry J. Andrews,
Secretary, 125,65-100 miles; value, $896,404.44.
The indebtedness of the county aggregates $275,000, of which $250,000 is in
bonds, the remaining $25,000 being outstanding in warrants on the several
funds of the county.
The rate of taxation in the county is a fraction less than 3 per cent. In
the city of Tucson it is a cent more. Now while these taxes appear high,
people can better afford to pay them than people in the Eastern States can
pay half the amount.
The population of the County, is, in round numbers, 19,000. The total vote
cast at the last election was a little less than 2,000. Many miners in the
hills failed to vote, and the large population of nonvoting Mexicans not
being accorded that privilege, accounts for the small size of the vote cast.
When the beauties and healthfulness of the climate of Southern Arizona
become more generally known, and the great boon to the afflicted its soft
winter temperature affords, thousands of people from the Northern and
Eastern States will pass their winters in our sun-kissed land and grow
strong and robust under its healthful skies. Our winters are perpetual
spring-time, entirely free from waves of intense frigidity, and sufficiently
warm for plenty of out-door exercise. No one who has not experienced our
climatic advantages can have any conception of its wonderful perfection.
Invalids come to our county seeking health, and go away in the spring-time
with a new lease of life. Men who have been pronounced by their physicians
as beyond recovery, with consumption, have grown strong, and apparently
sound and well, in this climate. They remain in and about the towns during
the balmy days of fall, winter and spring, and seek the mountain shades and
cooling breezes in summer, growing stronger with each passing day. When we
have suitable accommodations for the care of the afflicted, and for the
diversion of those who come to enjoy this paradisiacal climate, we can
extend a general invitation to the denizens of the cold and frozen North to
come and sit beside us and experience some of the delights of the finest
climate on earth. The three or four months of the annual heated term in
Southern Arizona is a great bugaboo to people who have never experienced the
delights of even its warmest summer weather. The general expression is, "But
oh, your terribly hot summers !" These people forget the sultry days and
still more sultry nights of their Eastern summer-season, when even sleep is
banished by the stifling heat that is never felt here. In every season they
meet with weather changes far more disagreeable than the even and moderate
heat of our summers of bright sunshine. Our atmosphere is dry and pure, and
by its absorption of the perspiration a cooling effect is produced, thereby
giving a real temperature of one hundred degrees the seeming temperature of
but seventy-five in the Eastern States. More real suffering is experienced
in the East, with the thermometer at eighty degrees, than we have at any
time in Southern Arizona when it has reached one hundred and twelve degrees
for a few hours in the middle of the day. By adding grass and shrubbery and
shade trees, as well as vines to keep the sun's rays
from one's windows and doors, their force is lessened, and one can
experience no more delightful climate anywhere on earth than amid such
surroundings. But the crowning glory of this climate, even in the hottest
weather, is its cool nights. One's rest need never be broken by such
sultriness as prevails in the East, and from the time the sun sinks to rest
at night, until it rises again, a gentle and refreshing coolness is spread
out over the land like a benison from heaven. Nothing can compare with our
climate, anywhere and even with the summer heat our causes for complaint are
far less than those of other States and Territories, and as an all-the-year
round climate nothing can surpass it. The winters of Arizona are not only
conducive to health, but there are other considerations worthy of
observance. In the East the winter is the season of great suffering among
the poor, and great expense among the more fortunate. Winter consumes what
summer produces. Large supplies of provisions and fuel must be provided for
the family. Stock must be housed and fed five or six months, and during the
same time the ground is frozen constantly, and little or nothing can be done
in agricultural or other out-door pursuits. In short, the winter is a season
of vacation to the rich, and of extreme suffering to the poor. With us it is
quite different. Nature is kind alike to rich and poor, man and beast. Our
stock herds graze on good pasture lands the year round. The revenues of the
rich are constant, and the poor find abundant means for support and comfort.
We may be accused of prejudice in favor of Arizona, but our statements are
facts in the true sense of the word. Nature has highly blessed this
Territory - this county in particular - and a little energy on the part of
man, is all that is required to make Arizona the most luxuriant spot on the
continent of America.
An era of prosperity is approaching Pima County, and it is heralded by a
dozen signs that does not admit to question. We have had a long season of
dullness, a season of inactivity and discouraging features. The evil of this
spell has been particularly felt on account of following in the wake of
years of unprecedented prosperity, when money was plenty and business
throughout our territory remarkably good. The advent of the railroad; the
discovery of hidden treasures of the Tombstone district; the heavy
productions of the precious metals throughout the several rich mining
districts of the Territory tended, with many things, to make the period from
'78 '83, a most propitious one for the enterprising, thrifty business man.
We had a veritable boom that was carried along by a force of circumstances
begotten of extraordinary occurrences; this unusual state of affairs proved
ephemeral, and commencing with '85 came a heavy offset to the preceding
years, in the shape of stagnation in general business, and an almost
absolute cessation of mining sales and mine developments. Those who had
reaped a rich harvest during the honeyed days between '78 and '83 forgot in
the moment of depression, the duty they owed the territory that had rocked
them in the lap of luxury, and turning their backs on Arizona, they drifted
to California in the wake of the boom, or sought what they considered more
promising fields. On the contrary, the far-sighted, energetic business man
made the best of the existing circumstances, cut down expenses, and prepared
in every conceivable way to weather the financial stress that was
unquestionably upon the country for the time being. To these men belong the
rewards that will be reaped within the next few years. They are not of that
class of humanity that drift with the wind of wild rumors and great
promises. They do not think that every other place is better than their own,
and that they can make money in any place, except the place they actually
live in, but they look at the matter philosophically, and say to themselves,
when good times strike other places, we will have our legitimate share of
the prosperity. Most of the other class that left us have come back like the
prodigal son, are content to stay at home, and take their chances with
Arizona. Foreign capital, particularly English and German capital, is
reaching out for a country of profitable investment with a longer arm than
at any time heretofore in the history of our nation; a brighter mineral
outlook has not been seen for years. A good mine can find a ready purchaser,
and it is evident that a man developing his prospect into a mine, is putting
his money into as good a stock of goods as the dry-goods man or the grocer,
and one that is equally marketable. Careful methodical work begets economy,
and economical work on prospects begets mines. Our prospectors have been
loath to linger in town looking for purchasers for undeveloped prospects
rather than have mines that will stand the light of inspection, and will
sell.
A better feeling pervades every branch of business. More strangers will be
among us this winter than at any time for years before. The city shows
marked signs of improvement, property is being repaired and beautified,
while many new buildings arc being erected. The Building and Loan
Association is largely instrumental in the happy state of affairs. New
enterprises or irrigation, etc., are being agitated. Where irrigation
schemes are good enough to invite capital it will be readily forthcoming,
and forthcoming without the suspension of great tracts of our lands by the
government. Such a suspension as some of our citizens anticipate would set
Arizona back twenty-five years. The Spanish land grant suspensions are
sufficiently unfortunate without farther suspensions of the public domain.
What Arizona wants is a natural development with private capital, unless
government aid can be secured without any sacrifice on our part. It is not
to be supposed that it is the intention to want to have lands suspended from
entry that would require unwarrantable amounts of money to irrigate. Such
irrigation as is contemplated is naturally such as is practicable from a
financial standpoint. Then again, after lands were selected as feasible they
might be tied up under suspension twenty years waiting for Congress to make
appropriations. No, what we want is to be left on our merits, and time will
demonstrate the values within our boundaries in a satisfactory manner. On
this eve of prosperity, we say, let our progress be natural, and good times,
when they come, will come to stay with us.
Tucson, the Oldest City in Arizona.
TUCSON (pronounced "Chook-son" by the Pima Indians), may be said to have
been founded in 1694, when the Spaniards established a fort there for the
protection of the Mission of St. Xavier. Its site was well chosen, not only
on account of its being one well calculated for defense but also, because of
the beautiful and striking scenery surrounding the mesa on which it is
located. It stands on the right bank of the Santa Cruz River at a point 2r)0
miles west of the Great Colorado, and 300 miles north of Guaymas. The valley
in which the Tucson mesa stands is surrounded on all sides by mountains
whose precipitous sides - though at a long distance - seem to wall in the
city as with giant ramparts. Those ranges are the Santa Catalinas, the Santa
Ritas and the Sierratas. The mise en scene thus formed is strikingly
beautiful and impressive.
The city was, for many years of its early history, in a state of stagnation,
so far as any progress, increase of population, or material advancement was
concerned. It had, of course, its share of the troubles which preceded the
removal of the Jesuits, the failure of the Missions under their successors,
the San Franciscans, and the final collapse of the propaganda under the
edict of the Mexican Government. But, up to the time of the breaking out of
the gold fever, and the consequent rush of eager adventurers to the place
where rumor said the precious metal was to be had for the picking up, the
village (it was then nothing more) was in a state closely resembling coma.
When, however, the Southern Pacific Railway reached it, the era of its true
advancement began, and it has, ever since, been growing in prosperity,
population and wealth, until, to-day, it is marked by all the signs of
enterprise, push and general go-ahead-ativeness in its citizens, which form
the best guarantee of permanent development and stable prosperity.
The city is the curious result of the grafting of the modern on the ancient
civilization. The streets of the newer portion are wide and commodious, and
are lined with imposing edifices, which would do credit to any metropolis;
while the older portion has narrow, torturous streets, formed by low,
flat-roofed, adobe buildings, where a heterogeneous population of Mexicans
and Indians live in more or less harmony, and (it must be admitted) rather
more than less squalor. This portion is simply a replica of the average
Mexican town across the border, and its presence, in immediate contiguity to
the handsome, and even elegant, part of the city, where the America and do
business, makes a contrast which is no less unusual than, to the stranger,
at least, it is inexplicable.
Tucson possesses, as has been said, many very fine public buildings, built
mostly of brick and stone. Among the more prominent may be mentioned the
County Courthouse, constructed of brick, faced with stone and surmounted by
a lofty tower. It was erected at a cost of $75,000. The Roman Catholic
Cathedral is a very fine structure, with a lofty spire, and of decided
architectural beauty. The various Protestant denominations are also provided
with handsome and commodious places of worship, and the High School, on the
Military Plaza, which cost 145,000, is a model, both as regards design and
interior arrangement, of what such a building should be. The private
residences are so numerous, and, withal, so elegant, that it would be
invidious to select any for special mention; and space will not permit of
their being all enumerated, still less described.
As a commercial center and distributing point, Tucson easily takes the lead
among the cities of the Territory. Its merchants, of whom a number of the
most prominent will be noticed at length hereafter, carry larger stocks of
goods, and do a more extensive trade than is possible for those of any other
city in Arizona to do, owing to the fact that they do a very large portion
of their business with Sonora and other parts of Northern Mexico.
In all other respects, Tucson may fairly claim to be as well equipped with
all modern conveniences and appliances for securing the comfort of its
citizens, and of the sojourners within its gates, as any contemporary city
of its size anywhere. Its streets and buildings are well lighted by gas and
electricity; it has an abundant supply of water, which is piped from the
Santa Cruz River, from a point seven miles up that stream; it has a handsome
opera house, a fine public library, and, in short, everything that could be
wished for by the highly-developed taste of the modern citizen - be he
business man or man of leisure.
Commerce and Industries of Tucson.
Following will be found a list of the leading commercial enterprises and
industries which contribute to the prosperity and progress of Tucson, and
which show, by the marked success which has attended the efforts of those
who have undertaken and carried them on, what a splendid field Tucson offers
for the man of energy, industry and business capacity.
MANUFACTORIES.
While Tucson may not be as a whole considered a manufacturing town, in
comparison with some of her more enterprising eastern rivals, she can still
make a better showing in this direction than any town of like population in
the southwestern territories.
FLOUR MILLS.
There are two flouring mills in Tucson, one steam and the other water power.
The former is owned by the Eagle Milling Company, with Mr. Leo Goldschmidt
as manager. The latter is owned by Messrs. G. Allison & Sons, who purchased
the property about two years since. The Eagle Milling Company's mill has
recently been remodeled and partly rebuilt, and machinery of the latest and
most improved pattern has been put in. Rollers have been substituted for the
old time burrs, and its capacity has been increased to one hundred barrels
per day.
SMELTER.
The smelting works are situated about a mile and a half north of Tucson, on
the Santa Cruz River, where water is abundant and conveniently at hand. The
track of the Southern Pacific company runs within a short distance of its
site, and a siding has already been constructed for the delivery of ores to
the smelter. It is capable of handling thirty tons of ore per day. When the
smelter starts work, which will be in the near future, it will not only
provide employment for a large number of men about the works, but will be
the means of giving work to every miner and prospector within a radius of
thirty miles, having ore of sufficiently high grade to allow a profitable
margin on its reduction.
COMMERCIAL CLUB.
William Zcckendorf, President; H. D. Underwood, Secretary. Foremost among
the social organizations of Tucson, is the Commercial Club. It has for its
object not only the divertment of its local members, but it makes a special
point of the entertainment of visiting strangers. Everyone who has paid
Tucson a call, no matter how short, has left enamored with the social
cordiality which he everywhere received and especially at the hands of the
Commercial Club. The occasional winter hops which are given by this Club are
most enjoyable affairs and add much to the pleasure of living in Tucson.
CHURCHES.
The spiritual wants of the people of Tucson are well attended to. There are
five places of worship in the city, namely: the Catholic, Congregational,
Episcopal, Baptist, and Methodist temples. Each one of these has a large
congregation and it is to be noted that Tucson is remarkable for the number
of its citizens that are church-going members of society.
HOTELS.
There are five hotels in this city, besides numerous restaurants and lodging
houses, and all are provided with the conveniences necessary to the comfort
of guests. Our climate has so clearly proven its superiority over all others
in the United States in its health-restoring qualities, that each winter
brings with it a large influx of health-seekers, and the hotels are all
arrayed with a view of affording especial accommodations to the visiting
sick, besides furnishing the usual conveniences to travelers.
MARKETS.
Tucson is happily provided with excellent markets. Being the center of a
vast cattle country, the choicest beef is here to be obtained at a very
small cost. Vegetables, which are raised in the adjoining valley-lands, can
be bought at an almost nominal price. Fruits, fish, oysters, etc., are
always kept on hand fresh, at our market places, and are sold at very
reasonable rates, so much so, that the expense of good living in Tucson is
even less than in many of the Eastern cities.
OPERA HOUSE.
Our theater, under the management of the enterprising Mr. Wm. Reid, is a
well conducted one. All the best troupes traveling east and west stop over
in Tucson, and its residents are very frequently afforded an evening's
entertainment in this way.
With all its mammoth enterprises, and the advantages and conveniences which
Tucson possesses, it may well claim to be one of the most important cities
in the Southwest without any brag, blow, or boom; its advancement has been
gradual but steady, in the past. Many new industries have been inaugurated,
and many more will soon be so, and with the energy, enterprise and activity,
which its citizens are displaying, it is safe to predict, that Tucson is
destined to become one of the cosmopolitan cities of the West.
The railroad officials in this city report an average receipt of 1,500,000
lbs. of general merchandise every thirty days, the freight charges on which
amount to over i|!50,000. It will thus be seen that Tucson merchants pay
over a half million dollars yearly for freight charges alone.
BUILDING AND LOAN ASSOCIATION.
This institution is worthy of a special mention, inasmuch as it has done a
great amount of good for this city during the short time in which it has
been in existence. It was established in 1888, and already the Association
have furnished about $17,500 in loans, all of which has been put into new
residences, ranging in value from $600 to $1,500. The report of its
Secretary at the last meeting of the Association contains the following :
"Rate of premiums to date, about 26-1/2 per cent."
The good effect of this institution was felt from the start, and a feeling
of confidence in the value of real estate which did not exist prior to the
establishment of the Building and Loan Association amongst the residents of
Tucson is now prevalent.
The following are the officers: Geo. Roskruge, President; Fred Fleishman,
Vice-President; Thos. Hughes, Treasurer; W. W. Gillette, Secretary.
Directors - Thos. Wilson, A. V. Grossetta, Chas. Hoff, John Martin, Sam
Drachman, Chas. Shibell, A. Goldschmidt, Wm. Reid.
TUCSON CITY SCHOOL.
THE main Public School building of the city, as shown in the above cut, is a
large, commodious and handsome brick structure, erected in 1882 at a cost of
$45,000. Its furnishings and appointments are all first class and up with
the times, including a library and fair laboratory and apparatus for the
illustration of physics and chemistry. This main building accommodates about
400 pupils and is well filled. In addition to ifs eight regular grades or
departments, each in charge of its appropriate teacher, it has a High School
department in charge of the principal, W. C. Bowman, in which a two years'
course of instruction is given in the more advanced studies of mathematics,
the natural sciences and languages, preparing pupils for College or the
University. There are also four primary ward schools in different parts of
the city which are well attended. All needed supplies, except books and
slates, are furnished at the public expense. The schools are maintained ten
months in the year, and teachers are paid from $70 to $125 per month.
The Business Men of Tucson.
Selim M. Franklin.
Was born in San Bernardino, California, October 19, 1859. After having gone through the public schools of that city, he engaged in the business of newspaper publisher and short-hand reporter, and continued in this business for two years, when he left it in order to attend college. In 1878 he entered the University of California, where he was noted for his close application and studious habits, and in 1882 he was graduated with honors from that institution as a Bachelor of Arts. He at once devoted himself to the study of the law, and in the same year was admitted to the bar by the Supreme Court of the State of California. He practiced law in San Bernardino for a short time, and May, 1883, left for Tucson, Arizona, where he has since resided and practiced his profession. In 1884 he was elected a member of the 13th Legislative Assembly of Arizona on the regular Democratic ticket, and it is a notorious fact, that in the midst of all the abuses and accusations of corruption that have been heaped on that body, the actions of the Hon. S. M. Franklin stand without reproach from anybody. He afterwards became attorney for the city of Tucson, and in 1885 formed a law partnership with the Hon. Harry R. Jeffords, under the firm name of Jeffords & Franklin, and has ever since been a member of that firm. He was Deputy District Attorney of Pima County in 1887-8, and is at present a member of the Board of Regents of the University of Arizona, and also a member of the Territorial Capital Commission. The straightforward and incorruptible course which he has ever followed in his public actions, and his undoubted ability, have gained for him well merited prominence, both as a lawyer and as a worthy citizen.
St. Mary's Hospital.
The watchful, tender care of woman at the bedside of the sick and wounded is
more to the patient than all the gold and silver that could be brought to
him. No one can care for the sick like a woman. None seem to sympathize and
feel so much for those in distress. The good Sisters of St. Joseph have this
Hospital in charge. It belongs to their order. This institution was founded
about ten years ago, according to the directions of the Most Rev. I. B.
Salpoint, who is now Archbishop of Santa Fe, New Mexico. One notable feature
in the Hospital is that it was constructed from stone out of the mountains
near by. Its location is about one and a half miles from the city of Tucson,
and is on the west slope of the beautiful Santa Cruz Valley. Its proximity
to the mountains insure a healthy atmosphere, and patients who seek this
resort in illness obtain great relief in the balmy air thereto be found.
Three of the leading physicians of Tucson have charge of the various
departments.
The building is two stories high, and about 200 feet long by 50 feet wide,
and has department houses attached. Great pains were taken, in building it,
to have all the improvements that would insure to the sick that comfort and
ease which they so much require. The Mother Superior has shown great tact in
employing assistant nurses and attendants.
The water at this institution is of the best, and everything that can be had
in the market, is procured for the tables. The grounds are laid out with a
symmetry that can only be effected by artistic taste and skillful work.
Beautiful shade trees abound in the valley. Below the main hospital, there
are large buildings which are used as a school for orphans. This also is
managed by the Sisters, and, as they have competent teachers among them, the
little ones who are intrusted to their care, are sure of receiving the best
attention and instruction. There are some of the best gardens and orchards
in the country around the hospital, and vegetables of all kinds are raised.
A large farm is also attached to the institution. A carriage runs daily,
twice each way, between the city and the hospital. One of the clergy from
the Cathedral attends to divine services, both at the hospital and at the
Home. The charges at this hospital are moderate, and all information
desired, will be cheerfully given upon application by letter.
M. S. Snyder.
The thriving little town of Springwater, in Livingston County, New York was the place of nativity of M. S. Snyder, our gentlemanly assessor and collector. He was born April 25, 1853. Attended first the North Dansville Seminary, and afterwards the Genessee Wesleyan Seminary in New York State. Ho was for two years bookkeeper for a firm in Rochester, New York. In 1874, he was appointed deputy collector of customs in St. Louis, Missouri. Mr. Snyder was one of the first United States store-keepers appointed in St. Louis after the completion of the "Whisky Ring" trial. In 1876 he was appointed deputy collector of Internal Revenue in the same city, and served in this capacity until 1878, when he came to Arizona, arriving at Tucson, August 8th of the same year, and remaining in Arizona since that time. He was connected with the Arivaca Milling and Mining Co. for about one year, and was afterwards in the Recorder's Office for a short time. Later he became managing agent for the Arivaca Mail and Stage Co., which position he retained for one year. He was a member of the 11th Legislature of Arizona. For two years he was Deputy Sheriff and Assessor, of Pima County, under R. H. Paul, after which time he engaged in and mining. In 1886 he was elected County Clerk of Pima County, and when that office was abolished, in March, 1887, he was appointed Clerk of the Board of Supervisors, which position he retained until January 1,1889. In the election of 1888, he was Republican candidate for Assessor and Tax Collector, and was elected to the place. This position he at present occupies, and he does it well.
Washington M. Jacobs, Mining Bureau, Assay Office and Real Estate.
No one enterprise will be of more interest to the public of Arizona
generally than the one heading this article. The number and value of the
mines here require competent assayers, and men who have the confidence of
the public. This business was started by W. M. Jacobs about the year 1870,
and he is widely known throughout Arizona as a reliable assayer, and
occupies a prominent position as a mining expert. His scales and other
apparatus are models of excellent workmanship and perfect accuracy. In
short, he has on hand the best that art and science can produce.
Mr. Jacobs was born in Charleston, S. C, and has resided here for the past
ten years.
In addition to his assay business, he deals in real estate and mining
property and is a very popular man in this locality, having held the office
of Justice of the Peace for several terms.
All ore sent in from abroad for assaying will receive immediate attention,
and accurate assays will be promptly rendered.
G. Allison & Sons, Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Groceries, Green, Dried
and Canned California Fruits.
Among the prominent business men in Tucson no one is more successful than
Messrs. G. Allison & Sons, '^^ who are considered as among Tucson's most
active and energetic business men. Their place of business is located at the
corner of Congress and Church streets, in the main business portion of the
city. The business was established in 1881 by the present firm. They carry a
very large stock of goods and do a general commission business, buying and
selling in car-load lots. Their trade extends over the northern portion of
Sonora, Mexico, and Southern Arizona.
The individual members of the firm are Mr. F. Allison, Mr. G. Allison and
Mr. W. Allison. All three are agreeable gentlemen and from their long
residence in the Southwest are enabled to suit the requirements of their
customers. Ever courteous, obliging and attentive to business, they have
well earned the success which has crowned their efforts, and they rank, as a
firm, as one of the foremost in the mercantile circles of Tucson.
Pierce Ford, Hardware.
Considered as a whole, the hardware trade of any business community forms a
very important item in the sum total of her industries, especially is this
the case in a new country, and where farming and mining interests
predominate, the importance of the business can hardly be over-estimated.
The business of Mr. Pierce Ford was established in 1883 by the present
proprietor and has been a decided and continuous success from the start,
though its progress has been so marked as to be almost phenomenal within the
past two years.
Mr. Ford manufactures tinware of all kinds, and deals in all kinds of stoves
and lamps, both fancy and plain, crockery, glassware, stamped ware, cutlery,
etc. Besides, this house is the sole agent for the Charter Oak stoves and
ranges. They have one advantage over others in the fact that they are
located at No. 21 Congress street in the most central part of the city.
Their trade from the adjoining mining camps and from the northern district
of Sonora, Mexico, far exceeds that of any other like business in the
Territory. Their buildings front on Congress street and extend 117 feet
back.
Mr. Ford is a wide awake business man and came here at a time when men of
energy and tact were the only ones who could stay. For many years he has
worked hard both for the public and his own good , so that, now, he stands
as one of the leading merchants of the Territory.
Chas. R. Drake, General Insurance Agent.
In every community, business or profession, are to be found men, men who
stand head and shoulders above their fellows in ability, perseverance and
uprightness, and these are the men who, to, use a common phrase, invariably
reach "the top of the tree." Such a man, it is admitted on all hands, is Mr.
Chas. R. Drake, whose agency ranks high in this line of business. Mr. Drake
has resided in Arizona since 1871. He came here and settled down to help
build up the great Southwest. He was assistant postmaster at Tucson from
1876 to 1880. He was twice elected County Recorder of Pima County, from 1881
to 1884, twice a member of the City Council, and has held many positions of
trust, both of a public and private character. He was elected to the
Territorial Council (Senate) for two terms from Pima County, and was elected
the President of that body during the last (15th) Legislature. To-day he is
the Receiver of Public Moneys at the U. S. Land Office, Tucson.
Mr. Drake is the resident agent in this city for the Safety Nitro Powder Co.
of California. He has also charge of all sub-agencies throughout Arizona,
New Mexico and the State of Sonora, Mexico. He has on hand, at all times, a
general supply both of powder, caps and fuse. And he has, by his fair-minded
views and integrity, won the confidence of his fellow citizens. Hence he has
been able to push the trade of his Company into every mining camp throughout
his large territory.
Mr. Drake also does a general insurance business at No. 8 Congress street
and represents the following well-known insurance companies: The Mutual Life
Insurance Co. of New York, The Imperial Fire Insurance Co. of London, The
National Insurance Co. of Ireland, The ^Etna of Hartford, Connecticut, The
Atlas of London, The Niagara of New York, The Phoenix of Brooklyn, The
American Fire Insurance Co. of Philadelphia, Pa., and The Sun Fire Office of
London.
The large business which he has necessitates his having a General Manager
and Traveling Agent in the person of Mr. John H. Finch, who is an
enterprising man, and ably assists Mr. Drake in the management of this
agency.
This firm is but another example of what strict application to business can
accomplish.
Fred. Fleishman & Co., Druggists.
One bright example of marked and well merited success in an important line
of business is furnished by the above firm, its name being synonymous
throughout the Territory for reliability, thorough acquaintance with the
business and every quality calculated to commend it to public favor. It is
therefore no wonder that the firm has become established on the firmest kind
of commercial footing, and that it has earned and maintained a foremost
place, not only in its own particular line of business, but among the
commercial enterprises of the city generally.
The establishment of F. Fleishman and Company was founded in the year 1880
by Mr. Fred Fleishman with an ample capital, and the house has maintained a
position in the front rank from the beginning of its career. To-day they
carry a stock of over $15,000, consisting of the best lines of goods to be
found in southern Arizona. Their store is located at the junction of
Congress and Meyer streets, in the most central part of the city. A full
line of Fancy Toilet articles is always kept on hand. Their prescription
department is one of the best to be found on this coast, as none but the
most experienced clerks are employed. Mr. Fred Fleishman is a man of
sterling business qualities, and is alive to all the wants of the public in
his line. Parties living out of town may, with safety, send orders by mail
to this firm, and they will receive prompt attention from that obliging
gentleman.
Arctlc Ice Co.
From the earliest times ice and snow have been esteemed as luxuries for
cooling water, liquors, and receptacles for preserving meats and other
viands for future use in the warm climates of Oriental and Southern
countries. The production of ice by nature in regions distant from those
which require in the summer months has been, until the invention of ice
manufacturing machinery, a source of wealth to many of the inhabitants of
those countries. In modern times, however, from having been regarded only as
a luxury, ice has come into such general use that it has become almost one
of the necessaries of civilized life. Its chief value, perhaps, consists in
its antiseptic or preserving properties. In the fevers of hot climates, ice
is frequently the only means of saving life; hence, methods of producing it
artificially have been practiced in India for centuries. Radiation from the
earth under a clear sky, is a very active cause of cold, and the Hindoos,
near Calcutta, by a skillful combination of evaporation and radiation, have
produced ice artificially for ages. About 1850 devices for producing ice by
evaporation or absorption came into notice. Hence liquids that are most
readily volatilized are used in all the appliances for manufacturing ice -
ammonia most frequently.
General Royal A. Johnson began the manufacture of ice in Tucson some four
years ago. His equipment was of the average size, using a 30-horse power
Arctic machine, of a capacity of seven tons daily. The factory is at present
the largest in Arizona. The building is a massive edifice, the works and
office extending over the entire block. This factory uses nothing but
distilled water in the process of manufacture, and their ice, consequently,
is remarkable for its purity, density, and freedom from air bubbles, and
extraneous ingredients.
Gen. Johnson is a man of more than ordinary business intelligence and has
done much to promote the happiness and comfort of his fellow citizens. In
starting and maintaining this enterprise, he has done much toward making
Tucson a desirable place in which to reside.
Eagle Milling Co.
Improved facilities are the true indices of progress, and the most
intelligent manifestation of the onward march of civilization. Evidences of
enterprise by a community, in projecting modern improvements and carrying
them out to accomplishment, are the best criterions by which to estimate the
enterprise of its citizens and their appreciation of the modern ideas of
progress, and the clearest proofs that they are not mere fossils of the
past, clogs on the wheels of progress but keenly alive to all enterprises
that promise to inure to the public welfare and their city's reputation.
The Eagle Milling Co.'s flouring mill of Tucson is one of the pioneer
institutions of the Territory. Like many of the early enterprises of
Arizona, it had its origin in a modest way, from which, by gradual but
continuous additions, has developed into one of the leading, if not the very
foremost, of our milling plants, and one of which Pima County should be
proud.
The mills and main warehouses of this establishment, are located on Main
street, between McCormick and Simpson streets, in the City of Tucson. They
occupy a frontage, on Main street, of two hundred and ninety-five feet. The
mill was built by James Lee and Wm. F. Scott two pioneers of this Territory
in 1872. The capacity of the mill then was 30 barrels per day, but, under
the present management the output has increased to over one hundred barrels
per day.
The Company are the sole manufacturers of the Patent, Extra Family and
Superfine Brands of flour shown by our cuts on this page. They have a large
trade with Sonora, Mexico, and all of Southern Arizona. Their business has
increased to such dimensions that four storehouses are necessary at the
mills, and one large warehouse has been erected at the Southern Pacific
Railroad depot.
The gentlemen comprising this firm are all well-known business men. Mr. A.
Goldschmidt is President, George Shand, Vice-President, and Leo Goldschmidt,
Treasurer and General Manager. Mr. Goldschmidt's public spirit has been
manifested in every possible way, and he is always among the foremost to
promote any enterprise looking to the public welfare and the advancement of
the city. As a business man, his successful career and untarnished
reputation are too widely known and recognized to require comment. His
works, enterprise and general usefulness speak for him in terms sufficiently
strong and convincing, and entitle him to the fullest esteem and
consideration of this community.
A. Goldschmidt & Co., Wholesale and Retail Grocers.
Foremost among the establishments which have led the march of progress and
prosperity in Tucson, . is the mammoth wholesale and retail grocery house of
A. Goldschmidt & Co. The people of Tucson are justly proud of such houses,
which have flourished and grown up within her limits, from comparatively
insignificant beginnings, to such proportions, whose successes have been
concomitants of the city's development, and whose members have exhibited
such intelligence and progressiveness as to make their establishments such
as would do credit to much larger cities.
This firm was established in the year 1882, and has enjoyed its share of the
public patronage ever since. They do a business of over $200,000 a year, and
do a large wholesale trade with the more northerly States of Mexico.
Recently they have been compelled to enlarge their stores, which are now
located on Congress street, near Main, Their new department consists of a
large store, 45x60 feet. They also have two large warehouses, located at the
Southern Pacific depot, where they receive goods by carload lots. Few men
would have had sufficient perseverance to engage in business at the time
when these enterprising gentlemen began. Success has, however crowned their
efforts, and to-day, their establishment occupies a high position as one of
the leading industrial institutions of the Southwest. This firm,
undoubtedly, has a future before it that will give it rank as one unexcelled
by any other concern in Arizona and one which the most exacting and
fastidious could look upon only with pride.
Arizona National Bank of Tucson.
From 1840 to 1864 all banking institutions in this country w^ere chartered
by States. The development of the resources, increase in their natural
products and the demand of our commercial and manufacturing interests,
bringing about a system of exchange, showed the State system to be crude and
slow, and necessitated an improvement in facilities and a uniformity in the
banking operations of the country. To this end the National Banking System
was enacted in 1864 and in the opinion of financiers of great experience and
marked ability, it is a decided improvement on the old system of this
country and of Europe. The National Banks invest one-fourth of their capital
in the bonds of the National Government, and by a deposit of these in the
United States Treasury are authorized to issue notes for circulation.
The demand for more extended banking facilities is but another evidence of
the fact that the commercial prosperity of Tucson is greater than ever
before in the history of the city. To meet this demand, a new bank has been
organized under the name of "The Arizona National Bank of Tucson," with a
capital of fifty thousand dollars, and the following well-known business men
as its oflicers: B. M. Jacobs, President; Samuel Hughes, Vice-President; and
M. P. Freeman, Cashier. B. M. Jacobs, S. M. Franklin, Samuel Hughes, L. M.
Jacobs, and Geo. Pusch, Directors. The policy of this bank will be conducted
on liberal lines, but always within those lines which mark the boundary of
safety for the bank and its patrons. It will be enterprising always, but
never reckless. It will, thus, wield a great influence on the finances of
this section, an influence of a healthy, beneficial and generous character,
- so far as consistent, of course, with wise and prudent management.
The officers of this banking institution are too widely known throughout the
Territory to need any special introduction to the public. Their personnel
and reputations are sufficient guarantee to the public of the success of the
new institution.
F. J. Villaescusa, Saddles, Harness, Etc.
The importance of the harness trade, and the articles connected therewith,
cannot be overestimated especially in Arizona, so closely is it identified
with all the industries carried on there. It becomes virtually a necessity,
without which those industries would not be carried on - at least with any
appreciable measure of success.
An excellent example of a prosperous and successful business of this sort,
carried on with a just appreciation of what is suited to the country, is
that conducted by Mr. F. J. Villaescusa, whose establishment is located at
251 Meyer street. As a manufacturer of fine harness, this gentleman has
attained an enviable reputation, by reason of the uniform reliability,
elegant finish, and substantial nature of the various articles turned out by
him. He has always on hand a full and complete stock of harness saddles,
bridles, spurs, bits, road carts and shoemakers supplies, etc. As a
manufacturer of saddles, bridles, harness, etc., and dealer in saddlery
leather, Mr. Villaescusa enjoys a flourishing and extensive trade. He has
resided in Tucson for the past 12 years, and has been engaged in his present
business since 1881. He "is one of the finest workmen in the Territory, and
has attained an honorable position among the business men of this community.
He has, in course of erection, a large brick front store, on the corner of
Jackson and Meyer streets, which he will occupy when finished. The manner in
which his business is conducted, is an indisputable evidence of the skill
and enterprise of its proprietor, and his removal to larger quarters is a
standing guarantee of increasing usefulness and prosperity.
Cosmopolitan Hotel, Samuel Katzenstein, Proprietor.
Ideas and customs which satisfied the tastes and requirements of a century
ago would appear incongruous in these days of progress and enlightenment.
Vast changes have taken place, and phenomenal improvements have been made.
The heroic colonist of 1785, were he to be suddenly resurrected and placed
in one of our metropolitan centres, would be as much dazed as was Rip Van
Winkle, when awakening from his sleep in the Catskills.
In no one feature is this change more pronounced than in the Hotel system of
to-day. A quarter of a century even, has wrought wondrous changes for the
better. There is as much similarity between an Arizona hotel of 1850 and one
of 1890, as between an adobe hacienda and a palatial residence. Tucson,
which, in all important features keeps pace with modern progress, is more
than ordinarily well equipped Arizona hotels, ani among them not one holds a
higher rank than the Cosmopolitan. In some features it is the very first.
Founded in 1870, it has always occupied a high position in the consideration
of the traveling public, equal to any similar establishment in the
Southwest, reflecting credit not only upon the management but upon the
reputation of the city as well. In 1887, Mr. Samuel Katzenstein assumed the
proprietorship and he has, by introducing all modern improvements, methods
and conveniences, brought it up to its present excellence. The Dining-room
of this House is 50x20 and affords ample accommodation for 100 people. The
house itself is 150x150 and two stories high, and contains 40 large and airy
rooms, with 15 foot ceiling, and can accommodate over 100 people. The
parlors are lighted by gas, and water is laid on every floor.
Mr. Katzenstein was born in Baltimore, Md., and has resided in Arizona for
14 years. He is an experienced hotel man, having kept large hotels in
Denver, Col., and in other places. He takes great pleasure and pride in
providing everything for the comfort of his guests.
The Cosmopolitan is officered, from host down, by considerate, genial
gentlemen, who never neglect the comfort of guests, but are always promoting
their ease and enjoyment, solicitous, not only for the reputation of the
house, but of the city.
Arizona Saily and Weekly “Citizen.”
A history of Arizona, without at least a passing notice of one of its most
potential factors, the Daily and Weekly Citizen, would be like presenting
the play of Hamlet with Hamlet left out. The Citizen is in its twenty-second
year of existence, and is the oldest publication in the Territory. In its
more than two decades of life it has recorded the changes, the ebb and How,
the ills that beset, the prosperity, the political, financial and social
advancement of the Territory as in a looking glass. The files of the Citizen
are a faithful record of twenty-two years of a checkered Territorial
existence. The Citizen has watched the growth of Arizona, step by step, even
under the ban and the shadow of the Apache's knife. It has recorded the
passing events from the cradle of the Territory. Her mineral resources have
been made known, her agricultural wealth developed, her hillsides have been
dotted with countless herds and flocks, towns have sprung up in waste
places, cities have grown as if by the magic of Aladdin, the hum and bustle
and activity of life are heard in place of the lonely cry of the vaquero;
and, literally, "the desert has been made to blossom as the rose" since the
day the Citizen was born.
In all these years the Citizen has followed the one consistent course of
legitimate journalism. It has labored in the public vineyard for the common
good and has found reward, if not in great riches, in the confidence and
respect of the entire community. It has worked at all times with an eye
single to the Territory's interests and has lost no opportunity to champion
her cause at home and abroad.
Politically the Citizen is Republican. It was born in a Republican cradle
and swaddled in Republican clothes. Granting to honest men of opposite
opinions the same honesty of faith which it claims for itself it has
consistently fought the good fight on many a battlefield and has kept the
faith.
The motto of the Citizen is "In business, newsy; in politics, Republican."
Its establishment at Tucson is the most complete in all points of equipment
in the Territory. The job department and the book bindery turn out work not
excelled this side of St. Louis. Its telegraphic service is furnished by the
Associated Press - the largest, most complete and most powerful
news-gathering agency in the world. In view of these facts, and the fair and
equitable treatment which the Citizen has at all times accorded all
sections, the business of the office is constantly on the increase, and the
paper ranks, to-day, not only the first paper of the Territory but of the
entire southwestern section. The Citizen is managed by Herbert Brown and
edited by W. L. Vail.
Tucson Gas Co.
While all improvements, doubtless, reflect credit on the community in which
they are introduced, how much individual credit is due to those who first
established such improvements in that community. It was not till 1882, that
this important improvement of introducing gas into Tucson, was put in
successful operation. The plant occupies two blocks at the foot of Meyer
street. The capacity of their machinery is 50,000 cubic feet per day. Their
actual production is not quite so much. They have about three miles of
mains, running through the principal streets of the city. Fifty public
lights, on the streets, are sufficient to illuminate the entire business and
residence portions.
The officers are, W. F. Overton, President and Treasurer; and H. E. Lacy,
Secretary; both these gentlemen are too well known in this Territory to need
any formal introduction. They are public spirited, and enterprising
citizens, willing to lend a helping hand to any enterprise for the city's
good.
Frank Miltenberg, City Bakery, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Staple and
Fancy Candies.
The manufacture of candy, in its modern development, bears the distinctive
marks of French ingenuity and invention. In no other country does the
preparation of sugar, as a luxury, offer a livelihood to so many persons,
and afford a field for so much ingenuity and artistic execution.
In Tucson, the trade in confectionery is carried on extensively, and, in the
past few years, important advances have been made by the establishment of a
concern which deals solely in the finer grades of confectionery, only
manufacturing stock from the purest and most wholesome ingredients. This is
the flourishing concern of Mr. Frank Miltenberg. He has been in Arizona for
the last 12 years. Born in Germany, he came to this country to grow up with
it. He started in business here in 1880, on a small scale, and, by prudence
and enterprise, has built up his business to such magnitude that now it
stands second to none in the city. He carries a stock of over $3,000. His
store is at 209 Meyer street, and is 75x30 feet. His bakery is at 418
Convent street, and is 190x100 feet. Here he also carries a large stock. He
is a prominent member of the City Council, and being a young man (only 35)
and thus far advanced in successful business, it may be safely predicted
that he will continue his successful career as he has begun it, and take a
foremost place, not only in Tucson, but in the Territory.
Orndorf House.
People who travel about with their families in search of a pleasant climate
and comfortable quarters, often desire, when coming into a city, to find a
hotel where they can secure quiet accommodations and that freedom which they
cannot find at the hotels which the general public frequent. Those who seek
for that kind of accommodation in Tucson need go no farther than to that
pleasant hostelry which is presided over by Mrs. A. C. Orndorf. This house
is located on Church street, opposite the Tucson Star office, in the most
pleasant and quietest part of the city, and conveniently close to all
business, as well as to the Courthouse and Land Office. The accommodation
consists of rooms for about sixty guests, with large sample room for
commercial men. Water, gas and all modern improvements are furnished
throughout and the attendance is first class. Families receive special
attention.
The house was opened in 1889, and the fact that it has been in full blast
ever since is sufficient guarantee that the management is giving every
satisfaction.
Mrs. Orndorf is a lady of experience and much business ability, and is
pleasant and obliging to a degree; so that all who come to Tucson and desire
a neat, clean, homelike hotel will do well to call upon this very agreeable
hostess. A free 'bus meets all trains and the traveling public cannot do
better than patronize this house.
Giant Powder Co.
Dynamite, or giant powder, is one and the same substance, the former being
the European, and the latter the American name applied to it.
The Giant Powder Company, who acquired their patents from Alfred Noble, the
European inventor, introduced Dynamite into the United States under the
designation of Giant Powder, hence the name by which it is here more
generally known. This company having so obtained their patents from the
inventor, and being the exclusive holders of the same, all nitro-glycerine
compounds, other than those made by them, must necessarily be mere
imitations of the original. Being the first to introduce these compounds
into this country, now twenty years ago, and having been engaged in their
manufacture ever since, the Giant Powder Company, through their long
experience in the business having rendered them familiar with the qualities
of the article and the wants of the consumers, and through a constant
intercourse kept up with the European manufacturers of dynamite, and with
the original inventor, have been able to bring this powder to the highest
possible state of perfection. The possession of such superior advantages
insures to the products of this Company all the properties most desirable in
a high explosive, as is amply attested by their extensive use, and steadily
growing popularity. They are everywhere recognized as the standard, this
company having received the first premium for the excellence of their powder
wherever they have competed for the same.
The value of a nitro-glycerine powder, is regulated by the amount of
nitro-glycerine it contains, and by a skillful manipulation of the materials
that absorb the oil. Their powder never being deficient in this essential
ingredient, and the company having been careful to comply with this other
requirement, stand to-day, as they alwa^'s have stood, unrivalled in the
market.
Their agent in the City of Tucson is Mr. Thomas Wilson, who also handles the
Judson Powder Company's powders, caps, and fuse, and the Judson Powder for
blasting and mining purposes. He has always on hand a large stock of the
powders, etc., of both companies. The office of this Agency is with the
Tucson Lumber Company, on Fifth Avenue, between Tenth and Eleventh streets.
Hon. J. A. Zabriskie.
Was a native of New Jersey, but afterwards became a resident of New York state. He received a collegiate education in Columbia College of New York City, which was subsequently followed by a military course at the academy at West Point. He was in the war of the rebellion, and did good service in it, which merited for him the appointment of Assistant Adjutant-General for the Western Districts. After the close of the war he went to Texas, where he became prominent in the politics of that state. He was three times elected District Attorney for the Western District, and was one of the Republican commission from Texas to Washington, in 1869, to urge President Grant to recognize the Hamilton Republicans of that state. He was appointed by President Arthur to the office of United States Attorney for Arizona, a position which he filled with honor, efficiency, and to the approval of both the people and the government. He now has a well, earned reputation among his associates in all courts of law, as well as a high standing in the community in which he lives. Col. Zabriskie is attorney for a number of large corporations, and in political life has taken an active and trusted position, having been several times Chairman of the Republican Central Committee of Pima County. He was for five consecutive terms Grand Orator of the Masonic fraternity, and has delivered numerous addresses on questions of vital importance to the public. The Colonel has taken active part in all the political campaigns of the past ten years, and his reputation as a stump speaker is well known all over the coast. As a lecturer and ready orator he stands among the first.
The Consolidated National Bank of Tucson.
Banking may be regarded as the practical application of the principles of
the science of Political Economy, which furnishes, when needed, the sinews
of trade, and indirectly prevents prodigality. A combined system of banking,
which includes the ordinary style of receiving, loaning, or discounting
money, with the modern savings system, seems to more fully meet or carry out
the principles of Political Economy than any other system. For character and
solvency the financial institutions of Tucson will compare favorably with
similar institutions in any city in the country; and their prosperity may be
safely taken as an unerring index to the general condition of our affairs.
Viewed from this standpoint, the city is, at the present time, in a very
solvent condition and its future has never appeared more assured.
The Consolidated National Bank began operations under its present name on
April 16, 1890, succeeding the Consolidated Bank of Tucson, which was
started in 1883. It has a capital stock of 150,000. The following well-known
gentlemen are its officers: David Henderson, President; H. B. Tenny,
Cashier; H. E. Lacy, Vice-President; E. W. Graves, Ass't-Cashier. Directors:
Daniel Meyer, San Francisco, Cal.; Frank Allison, of G. Allison it Son,
Wholesale Grocers, Tucson; H. E. Lacy, chairman board of County Supervisors,
and manager Tucson Gas Company.
The following is the statement of the condition of the Bank to October 2,
1890:
Assets:
Loans and Discounts $ 43,591 16
Bank Building 8,000 00
United States Bonds 13,018 75
Expenses Paid 2,724 94
Cash Resources:
Territorial, County and City Warrants $63,692 06
Due from other Banks 21,799 64
Due from U. S. Treasurer 562 50
Cash on Hand 32,840 85 118,895 05
$186,229 90
Liabilities:
Capital Stock Paid in $' 50,000 00
Undivided Profits 8,359 84
Circulation 11,250 00
Deposits : 121,620 06
$186,229 90
The Bank owns the block in which it is situated, and it is one of the
largest and best business blocks in the city.
Such being the status of the Consolidated National Bank of Tucson, it must
be quite apparent that no similar institution in the city is exerting a more
potent influence for good, or is aiding more effectually the advancement of
the general welfare of the city. Under the direction of its able management,
composed as it is, of gentlemen yet in the heyday of their usefulness, it
is, doubtless, destined to a prolonged and honorable career of prosperity.
J. Goldbaum, Club Liquor and Cigar House
The consumption of spirituous liquors both as a beverage, medicinally and in
the mechanical arts, is so vast and widespread that the traffic necessarily
involves an immense amount of capital, and cuts quite a figure in the
markets of the world.
One house in the city of Tucson engaged in this business is a monument and
proof of the progress made by the enterprising proprietor. This concern is
known as "The Club Liquor & Cigar House." Mr. Julius Goldbaum, who is the
sole proprietor, has retired in this country for over fourteen years and has
therefore learned exactly what the people require in his line. He has on
hand constantly all of the choicest brands of Wines, Liquors, Cigars and
Smoking Tobacco to be found in the known world. He also carries the finest
line of Meerschaum goods and Cutlery to be found in the city. Mr. Goldbaum
is the sole importer in this city of the genuine Baccanorra Mescal, which
has a widespread reputation throughout this coast.
He started his business in 1886, and by careful attention to his patrons and
close application to his business, it has increased until now it ranks as
the first of its particular kind in the city. Mr. Goldbaum is also very much
interested in public affairs and, having a genial, courteous and affable
manner, his friends are legion.
Manning & Oury, Commission Brokers, Etc.
The importance of the Commission Agent, in the transaction of business, is
thoroughly understood by every intelligent, wide-awake man in the Nineteenth
Century. No other medium is so capable of establishing the most intimate
relations between the seller and buyer - no matter how utter strangers the
parties may be to each other, or how widely separated by distance, and no
other medium labors so assiduously to promote their respective interests by
conferring upon both parties alike, special advantages, otherwise
unattainable. He is the mutual friend and advisor, or go-between, that may
be relied upon implicitly, and in no branch of business have his services
been sought to a greater extent, and with more gratifying results, than in
matters pertaining to real estate. The firm of Manning & Oury, of Tucson, is
one of many engaged in this occupation, who can be recommended to the public
at large as eminently qualified, and thoroughly reliable. The offices of
this enterprising firm are located at No. 10 Congress street, near the
Consolidated National Bank, of Tucson. The individual members of the firm
are L. H. Manning and F. W. Oury. They have large and commodious offices,
and employ none but the most competent clerks. Their experience,
comprehensive knowledge of the real estate and land business, in every
detail, and their extensive facilities for safely conducting it, in all its
various branches, together with their wide acquaintance with capitalists and
large land operators, give them decided advantages over the majority of land
agents, and enable them to give a guarantee of the most perfect satisfaction
in the transacting of all business entrusted to their charge.
They buy, sell, exchange, lease and rent farms, ranches, and improved, or
unimproved, lands of all descriptions. They make a specialty of looking
after the interests of non-resident property-owners, with the same watchful
care which they exercise over their own property. In the city department,
they give special attention to the exchange of real estate, renting and
collecting rents, keeping property in repair, insuring, paying of taxes,
etc., and make good bargains for their customers in all kinds of
agricultural lands. Enterprising and skillful operators, keeping abreast
with the progressive age, in stock-raising, mining and investment of
capital, the firm of Manning & Oury commends itself to the public, as one
from whom the most liberal treatment may be expected.
L. Zeckendorf & Co.
Shakespeare, when speaking of mercantile probity, does so in terms of high approval, as, for example, in the case of Antonio in " The Merchant of Venice." It is, in fact, from the character of the honorable, upright, liberal and generous characters, such as was that of Bassanio's friend, that we have derived the term "Merchant Prince," an appellation not always aptly applied in modern times, as it is often bestowed on men distinguished only for powers of mere money-getting Something more and something higher than this faculty is necessary to constitute your real merchant prince. There must be no suspicion of meanness, but, on the contrary, a generous and unselfish, even self-sacrificing, regard for the well-being of the community in the character to render it perfect. Without flattery, there is to be found in Tucson a gentleman who possesses, in an eminent degree, the qualifications mentioned. The reference is to Mr. Albert Steinfeld, of the firm of L. Zeckendorf & Co., who has been the resident partner in Tucson for the last twenty years.
The firm consists of two members, Mr. Louis Zeckendorf, who resides in the
city of New York and conducts the business there, and Mr. Albert Steinfeld,
of Tucson, who has the entire business here under his supervision. Their
establishment in Tucson is located on the corners of Pennington and Main
streets, and comprise two large stores, one 85x188 feet, one-story and
basement, where they store their general merchandise, and the other, 65x150
feet, wherein is kept their large stock of furniture, carpets and wall
paper. Besides these two very extensive structures, the firm possesses an
immense warehouse which is equally as large as the main store. This building
is situated between the depot and the shops of the Southern Pacific Railroad
Company, the freight being delivered from the train directly into the
warehouse. An idea of the magnitude of the business carried on can be
gathered from the fact that two hundred and seventy-five carloads of
merchandise were delivered and unloaded during 1889, averaging over one
carload per day.
In addition to their other business, the firm buys and sells hides of all
kinds, and transacts a general banking business. They also handle beers from
the most celebrated breweries in the world, principally that of the
celebrated Anheuser-Busch Brewing Association, and those from the equally
celebrated brewing establishment of Philip Best and Val Blatz of Milwaukee.
L. Zeckendorf & Co. are the sole agents for those beers for Arizona.
The firm also sold, last year, one million Vanity Fair cigarettes, three
hundred thousand Duke's Cameo cigarettes, and one hundred thousand of the
Lone Jack brand. Flour is also handled by them in a very large way, two
million pounds having been disposed of by them during the year 1889. They
disposed of fifty carloads of sugar during the same year. During the same
period the ham, bacon and lard sold by this firm amounted to forty carloads.
Cigars, of which they keep all the leading brands, are sold strictly at
wholesale. Since a year they have been the sole agents for Arizona of the
Manitau Mineral Waters, and get that commodity also by the carload.
The drug department is very complete, the firm being the sole agents for the
Territory of the J. C. Ayers Company, whose medicines are known all over the
world.
L. Zeckendorf & Co. have not been neglectful of the needs of the Territory,
and the large line of improved ranching machinery they carry, is another
proof of how carefully they keep pace with the times. Barbed wire is another
article of great importance to the rancher, and the firm receives it direct
from the factories in the East, in solid carload lots. Another article which
is received by this firm in the same way is wagons, both for the road and
the ranch; also dog-carts and carriages. This is a growing branch of their
business, and the yearly sales amount up to very respectable figures.
Every merchant throughout the Territory is acquainted with the large
wholesale dry goods department, for it is the great depot from which all the
dealers draw their supplies. The department carries a stock of staple dry
goods, such as calicos, white goods, ginghams, denims, flannels, dress
goods, hosiery, underwear, blankets, overalls, small wares, notions, etc.
Here the house comes into direct competition with the largest jobbing houses
of the East and the Pacific Coast, and from the fact that they buy all of
their goods in New York, paying the very same prices as the other jobbing
houses, be they located in Chicago, St. Louis, Kansas City or San Francisco,
they can not only successfully compete, but with their better knowledge of
the wants of the local trade, can supply them with a better line of goods,
at prices equal to those prevailing at any of the markets above mentioned.
It is a matter of pride to the firm, that, notwithstanding the increased
competition, and the constant cutting down of prices and profits, this
department has more than held its own, as shown by the greater amount of
goods sold each succeeding season.
The dry goods and fancy goods retail department of L. Zeckendorf & Co. is
the pride of the house, and the rich and varied assortment of goods
displayed compare favorably with any of the stocks of the large retail
houses East.
Here, again, the advantage of having a house established in New York is
shown by the extremely moderate prices charged.
The fact that L. Zeckendorf & Co. are enabled to maintain so large a stock
in their furniture department is an indication that the citizens of the
Territory are not behind the times in their tastes in this direction. This
department carries a complete assortment of household furniture, being in a
position to furnish a house from the kitchen to the drawing room, besides
furnishing the newest designs in wall papers, carpets, window shades and
house decorations generally. A special branch of this department is in the
taking of contracts for the fitting up of hotels and public buildings of all
kinds in the most modern and improved style.
There are at present over one hundred people employed by this firm in and
about their stores here, and, during some seasons, when spring goods are
sold to the many mining camps in the vicinity, the number of those employed
is greatly increased, as carload lots are then handled.
The firm was established in the year 1868 and is one of the pioneer houses
as well as the largest mercantile firm in the Territory.
There is often more true ability, more of the qualities of true
statesmanship and executive skill found in the leaders of commercial
enterprise, in the practical solution of transportational problems and in
the timely application of correct theories of trade, than can be found in
the halls of Legislation. The true American Statesmen, of broad views and of
successful measures, are the leading merchants, the architects, founders and
heads of our leading commercial establishments. Such are the members of this
firm, who, being yet in the prime of vigorous manhood, have made a rare
record of business success, and gained a position second to none among the
kings of commerce in their State and city, and who furnish an encouraging
example to those who are but entering on the struggle of life. The history
of the conmiercial activity of Arizona has produced but few examples of
success, so marked and substantial, as is furnished by the firm of Messrs.
L. Zeckendorf & Co., and among the enterprises representing the vigor and
life of Arizona, this is one of the most distinctive and characteristic.
I. Frank & Co., Dry Goods, Clothing, Hats, Etc.
The immense dry goods establishment of I. Frank & Co. has been closely
identified with the interests of the city of Tucson ever since it commenced
business. Tucson possesses many business firms which would be a credit to
much larger cities, but none of them have been conducted with more energy,
perseverance and determination to meet the demands of the people, and to
maintain the highest rank in commercial circles than has the one we have
mentioned. The firm is one which has had a vast experience in the frontier
trade. It is a corporation, having been incorporated in 1886. Mr. William
Zeckendorf, of Tucson, is the general manager. A general dry goods business
is conducted, both wholesale and retail, and the firm carries one of the
best lines of boots and shoes to be found in the Southwest. Their trade is
largely with the town of Sonora, Mexico, but they also carry on a general
trade, of very large proportions, with all parts of the Territory. They,
consequently, carry one of the largest stocks of any firm in the Southwest.
One of the guarantees to the public that they can procure at this business
house exactly what they require is that Mr. William Zeckendorf is the
general buyer and is well acquainted with the wants of the people of this
part of the country. The fact that he is known to be an upright man is an
assurance that he places before his many customers nothing but the best
quality of goods to be found in the East, where he goes every year and
personally superintends the buying of all goods to be sent to Tucson. As he
also buys for cash, he is therefore enabled to give his patrons a much
better price on goods than most of the firms of the city. This firm also
carries all kinds of miners' outfits, and deal in all kinds of dry goods and
articles generally needed by the people of this section. Mr. Zeckendorf was
born in Germany and came to this Territory over twenty years ago, and
engaged in business here. He has been an active member of the business
community ever since. He is a public-spirited man and takes a lively
interest in any public undertaking which he thinks will benefit the people
of his city and the surrounding country. He has been a member of the
Legislature, and now is an authority on all political issues. Although he is
a Democrat, a Republican Administration has appointed him one of the
Commissioners of the World's Fair to be held in 1893. Thus it is in politics
as in business, he was found to be the right man, and he now occupies the
right place as one of the leading merchants of the great Southwest. Besides
his private mercantile business, Mr. Zeckendorf is largely interested in
lands and canals of a public character in Graham and Pima counties, and in
different mining plants, throughout the Territory. He is a man of sterling
qualities, and if all the citizens of Arizona were as earnest for the good
and welfare of the Territory, it would soon stand, as it deserves to stand,
in the foremost places not only among the Territories, but among the States
of the Union.
El Poloma Mining and Smelter Co. of Arizona.
Old Spanish history affords many illustrations of how fickle people were.
Dame Fortune is even more fickle. The traditions of the old Jesuits having
worked rich mines in the vicinity of Tucson, have led many a poor old
prospector over the dry hills and mountains, in search of the lost diggings.
Sometime since, Joseph Goldtree, of Tucson, had a claim in what is known as
the Salero District. This he sold, not deeming it worth working. Lately, a
New York Company, represented by Col. John Weir and W. W. Trask, bought this
and other claims near by. These gentlemen started a new way to mine. They
began where the prospectors left off. They profited by their experience.
Putting on a force of men, they soon had the property in a fair way of
development. A mill and concentration plant was erected at a distance from
the mine of about nine miles, on the line of the Arizona & Sonora Railroad,
in the Sonoita Valley, where the Railroad Company have built side tracks,
fences, etc., and where a town is now started, called El Poloma. The offices
of this Mining Company will be located at this point. The Company have just
finished surveys, etc., for a tramway to be erected from the mine to the
mill, and the parties to whom the contract is let, agree to transport ore
from the mines to the mill at a cost of 60 cents per ton. Heretofore it has
cost of $5.00 per ton to haul it over the wagon road. Thus the Company will
be enabled to ship out all low grade ore at a rate which will pay them to
concentrate it for shipment. They now are using the new jigging process for
treating low grade ores, and they put about 3 tons of crude ore into one ton
of concentrated, and are working all ore that otherwise would not pay to
ship. The mill has a capacity of 50 tons per day. There are over 3,000 tons
of ore on the dump at present, and about 20 men employed. It is the
intention to increase this force to 50 hands, upon the return of Mr. Trask,
who is on his way to New York and London. A large 800 horse-power engine is
to be erected at the mine to hoist ore out of two 150 foot shafts, and, at
the same time, run the tramway slide. This Company have 25 claims near each
other, and all show a good grade of ore. The main mine has a showing 23
inches wide, at a depth of 150 feet, averaging 40 per cent of lead and 60
ounces of silver. The camp is well equipped. Large stores have been built at
the mines, and are well stocked with such goods as are generally needed in a
camp. A large train of 100 burros is engaged packing goods and supplies from
the railroad station to the mines. Col. Weir will reside at El Poloma, and
Mr. Trask in New York City. These gentlemen have not made public the extent
of these mines, nor their richness, because they are not for sale. They
intend to show the people what enterprise and grit can accomplish, with both
high and low grade ores. Salero is about 60 miles south of the city of
Tucson, and is at the south pass of the Santa Rita mountains, at an altitude
of about the highest camp in Southern Arizona. With a mild climate, and good
spring water, all are sure to have good health there. The camp is about 10
miles from the old city of Tubac, and the same distance from the famous
Calabassas. Mr. Trask states that the output of the mines was three times as
much as he dreamed of, and, with only the present force in the mill, they
ship one carload per day of concentrates.
The mines are at an elevation of 1,600 feet above the mill, and at the base
of the famous peak, "Old Baldy," whose brow is covered during three-fourths
of the year with ice and snow, that shines out in the sunlight like so much
silver.
J. S. Mansfeld, Pioneer Newsdealer of Arizona.
[Established 1870.]
It is needless to estimate the importance of the Book and Stationery trade,
as that has long since been recognized, as it is positively indispensable to
the development of a country, commercially, socially and intellectually; and
the character of an establishment such as heads this article, decides, to a
very large extent, the intellectual status of the community in which it
exists. The city of Tucson has certainly cause for congratulation, that
there is found in it. one of the finest Book and Stationery establishments
in the Territory - the well known house of J. S. Mansfeld. Mr. Mansfeld, who
is sole proprietor of the establishment, commenced business in 1870, and is
therefore "the Pioneer," having himself sold the first newspaper in the
Territory. He has built up a prosperous trade. In point of fact it is the
largest of the kind in the Territory.
The premises occupied are extensive and commodious, consisting of a large
brick store, 40x60 feet. The stock, which is varied and complete, consists
of books of all kinds, elegant stationery, pictures, engravings, toys, fancy
goods, cigars and cutlery, a full line of which is kept constantly on hand.
He is one of the most careful purchasers, and, therefore, his stock is one
which a library can confidently select from.
Mr. Mansfeld has been in business for the past twenty years, and is known
throughout the Territory as one of the best business men in mercantile
circles.
Large orders are filled from customers who reside in Mexico, but who cannot
procure there the goods they desire. Mr. Mansfeld has served as one of the
Board of Regents, has been Chairman of the Board of Supervisors and City
Councilman. He was also for six years President of the Public Library and is
now a School Trustee. Such men as he are bound to achieve fame and
prosperity for they deserve it.
St. Joseph's Academy.
As the social and moral qualities of men and women are known by the company
they keep, so the character and merits of a cit}' are readily gauged by the
character of its schools. This Institution, directed by the Sisters of St.
Joseph, is, in this respect, an honor and a credit to the city of Tucson. It
offers to young ladies and children all the advantages of a thorough English
and Spanish education. The Academy buildings are the most spacious and
commodious of school buildings to be found in the Territory. They are fitted
up with all the modern improvements conducive to the health, happiness and
comfort of the pupils. The Sisters who conduct the establishment consider
themselves in conscience bound to respond to the confidence which parents
and guardians place in them by giving their pupils a Christian and virtuous
education; cultivating their manners and giving them all the mental, moral
and physical care that they could receive under the paternal roof.
Though the institution is a Catholic one, yet members from every
denomination are received from all parts of the country. For the maintenance
of order, all the pupils are required to observe the regulations adopted for
their improvement.
The Course of Instruction embraces Christian Doctrine, Orthography, Reading,
Writing, Grammar, Composition, Arithmetic, Book-keeping, Algebra and
Geometry, Modern and Physical Geography, with use of the Globes, Astronomy,
History and Biography, Rhetoric, Literature, Natural Philosophy and Botany,
French and Spanish; Music on the Piano, Guitar and Violin, Drawing and
Painting in Oil and Water colors Plain and Ornamental Needle work, and all
kinds of Fancy work, Calisthenics, etc.
This Academy was started some twenty-two years ago and has maintained itself
and its high reputation ever since.
Sister Superior James Stanislaus is in charge of the School, which now
numbers over one hundred pupils. The Academic Year is divided into two
Sessions of five months each. The first session commences on the first
Monday in September and ends on the last day of January. The second session
commences on the first day of February and ends the last week of June.
Besides occasional partial examinations during the year, general
examinations take place towards the close of each session. That in June is
followed by the distribution of premiums consisting of gold and silver
medals, and a musical and dramatic performance.
Pupils are received at any time and charged from date of entrance. No
deduction will be made for absence (except in case of protracted illness),
nor when pupils are withdrawn before the expiration of a session.
References are required from strangers who desire to place their daughters
or wards in the Institution.
Pupils should be supplied with sufficient clothing for the time they remain
at the Institution. Terms per session (in advance):
Board and Tuition, including bed and bedding $ 100 00
Washing and mending 1.5 00
Piano and use of Instrument 25 00
Guitar and use of Instrument 25 00
French 15 00
Drawing and Painting 25 00
Violin 25 00
Needle and Fancy work are taught free of charge. All letters of inquiry are
to be addressed to the Superioress, St. Joseph's Academy, from whom all
additional information can be had on application.
“The Star.”
The Arizona Daily and Weekly Star, published in Tucson, Arizona, was
established in 1877 by L. C. Hughes, its present editor and proprietor. The
Star was the first democratic journal established in the Territory, and soon
after its birth followed the permanent organization of the democratic party,
which is firmly entrenched for all future time in Arizona; and The Star
justly claims a large share of credit in directing and molding that public
opinion which has given this result. The Star has always and continues to be
a bold exponent of those principles which it believes tends to the
advancement, prosperity, happiness and welfare of the people. From its first
issue it declared that the true policy of the settlement of the vexed Indian
problem would* find its solution in the removal of all turbulent Indians to
some point far removed from their old hunting grounds. For five years The
Star stood alone for this policy, and not until it was adopted and carried
out by General Nelson A. Miles in the removal of the "Chiricahua Apaches" to
Florida, was peace permanently established in Arizona. The Star has
signalized itself by ever standing on the side of law, order and morality,
and declares against vice in its every form, and boldly advocates the
pulverization of the rum power. No journal exercises a greater influence for
good in the Territory - and its large circulation and generous support
accorded it, indicates that its bold outspoken^policy for the right, is in
touch with the hearts of the people, and what more could the most ambitious
journal hope or wish for ?
L. C. Hughes, the proprietor of The Star, was born in Philadelphia, Pa., May
15; 1842; was left an orphan at the tender age of two years; was kept on a
farm for several years and thereafter learned the machinist trade in
Pittsburg. At the breaking out of the war enlisted in Company A, 101st
Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers; served two years of hard active service;
was discharged on account of disability, and after partial recovery joined
Knapp's Pittsburg Battery. At close of war returned to his trade; attended
night school in Pittsburg, where he prepared himself for college which he
attended in Meadville, Pa., after which he read law with the firm of
Derickson & Brawley of that city. On account of failing health as the result
of service in the war and hard study, was advised by his physician to seek a
mild climate, which resulted in his locating in Tucson, Arizona, his present
home, in 1871, where he resumed the practice of the law with well merited
success. Mr. Hughes served two terms as District Attorney, two terms as
Probate Judge and ex-officio Superintendent of Public Schools of Pima
County, and was appointed Attorney General in 1875, vice General J. E.
McCaffry, resigned. He has also served as member of the School Board and of
the City Council, and during the last four years has been U. S.
Commissioner. In 1877 Mr. Hughes established the Weekly Star and in 1880 the
Daily - giving up a lucrative law practice for that of journalism. The Star
is pronounced on every public question and the force and individuality of
its editor leaves no room for doubt where he stands on all questions of
public concern. The Star is admitted to be a strong factor in moulding
public sentiment. Mr. Hughes is ably assisted by his most talented and noble
wife, Mrs. E. J. Hughes, who is known as the mother of the public schools in
Arizona, as she opened the first public school for girls in the Territory in
1872. She is now the Territorial President of the Women's Christian
Temperance Union and contributing to the press on the subjects in which this
band of Christian workers are engaged.
George J. Roskuge
Was born near the town of Helston, County of Cornwall, England, on the 10th day of April, 1845. In October, 1870, he emigrated to the United States, going to Denver, Colorado, and on the 26th of May 1872, he came to Arizona, was engaged on the surveying of public lands until July, 1874, when he accepted the position of chief draughtsman in the United States Surveyor General's office in Tucson; resigning in 1880, he entered into business as a surveyor, was appointed United States land and mineral surveyor for the district of Arizona, and city surveyor of Tucson. In July, 1881, was appointed superintendent of irrigation ditches for the Papago Indian Reservation. In September, 1881, was appointed a member of the Board of Trustees School District No. 1. In November, 1882, was elected on the Democratic ticket County Surveyor of Pima County, and has been re-elected at each election since. On the 11th of June, 1887, was appointed a member of the Board of Regents of the University of Arizona, resigning when the administration went out. In March, 1888, was elected Vice-President and in January, 1889, President of the Tucson Building and Loan Association. Mr. Roskruge is a prominent member of the Masonic Fraternity. He was made a Master Mason in June, 1870, in True and Faithful Lodge No. 318, Helston, Cornwall, England, demitted in 1881, and became a charter member of Tucson Lodge No. 4. jurisdiction of Arizona; served three terms as Master; is a Past High Priest of Tucson Chapter No. 3, R. A. M., and Past Eminent Commander of Arizona Commandery No. 1. Knights Templar. At the formation of the Grand Lodge of Arizona in 1882, was elected Grand Secretary) serving as such until 1888, when he was elected Deputy Grand Master, and in 1889, was elected Grand Master; he is also a Deputy Inspector-General of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite, and is an Honorary member of the Masonic Veteran Association of the Pacific Coast.
Harding & Harding, Hardware, 205 Congress St.
The history of the commercial interests of the city of Tucson has produced
few examples of success so marked and substantial as that of the business of
Messrs. Harding and Harding dealers in general hardware and merchandise.
Among the establishments of the kind in the city it ranks with the best, and
has taken a position and achieved a success which would be surprising but
for the known ability of its management. This firm began business in March
1890, and the success which it is meeting with is a criterion by which one
may judge of the capabilities of the enterprising firm, which consists of M.
Harding and J. S. Harding. Their store is large and roomy and they carry a
full line of goods, Hardware, Tin and Sheet Iron, stoves, etc.; and, in
connection therewith, they run a manufactory of tin and galvanized Ironware.
First-class workmen are employed in the shops, which are located at 430
Congress street. The main store is more centrally located at 205 Congress
street. This enterprising firm also carries a full line of Gas Fixtures,
Plain and Fancy Queensware, Stoves, Cutlery, etc. Their business ability, as
thus far shown, is bound to bring to them a patronage which will compel
enlargement of facilities in the near future.
Chas. F. Hoff, Manufacturers' Agent, Etc.
In every community, business or profession are to be found men about whose
standing and character there is no kind of doubt, whose record is
untarnished, whose business is great in extent and stable in character, and
who are generally conceded to be the representatives of the business or
profession in which they are engaged.
Such is the acknowledged position of Mr. Chas. F. Hoff, whose agency ranks
high in his line of business. "Hoff of Tucson," as he is familiarly known,
is a native of Yorktown, Texas. He has been in Tucson for the past seven
years. His integrity, ability and business experience have gained for him an
immense and ever increasing patronage. He makes a specialty of handling the
famous Aermotor Windmill. This is the latest improved mill, and represents
the highest attainment of mechanical skill. It shows an increase of 35 per
cent, in power, and is just the thing for irrigating purposes. The wheel is
entirely of steel, stands great centrifugal strain, is not affected by the
Arizona sun, rains, or storms, and, when once up, will lust almost a
lifetime. The patent tilting tower brings the wheel down to the ground for
oiling, so that one need not take any chances of breaking his neck climbing
to the top during severe cold or intense heat. It regulates itself
automatically, so as to present a diminishing surface to a storm. A 12 foot
Aermotor, at an elevation of 25 feet, in a wind of 12 miles per hour, will
pump 2,000 gallons of water per hour or cover one acre of land one inch deep
every eleven hours, or, say, two acres per day and night. The aermotor is
guaranteed to out-do and out-last, any mill manufactured.
Mr. Hoff is also the agent for the celebrated Hall's Safe & Lock Co. of
Cincinnati, Ohio, and has a full stock on hand, both new and second hand. He
does a brokerage business in all kinds of merchandise and is a general
manufacturers' agent. Mr. Hoff is perfectly reliable in every respect, and
his house is a desirable one with which to establish pleasant and profitable
business relations. He is fully entitled to the prosperity that has attended
his honorable career.
A. V. Grossetta & Co., Dealers in Groceries, Provisions, Butter, Fruits, Eggs and all kinds of Produce.
The term Grocer was formerly used to signify a merchant who sold the
staples, coffee, sugar, tea, etc., in gross, but with the progress in trade
the business of the grocer became more comprehensive, and his stock was
enlarged, including many articles carried by houses, or branches, as
specialties. The above establishment, - that of A. V. Grossetta & Co. -
takes a leading place in that line, and the individual members of the firm
are A. V. Grossetta and L. G. Radulovich, both gentlemen who understand
fully the business in which they are engaged. They deal in general groceries
and provisions and carry on a general merchandise trade also, keeping on
hand the finest ranch butter and eggs to be found in the market, all fresh
and the cheapest to be had in the city.
They make a specialty of dealing in all kinds of California fruits. They
carry a very large stock of goods in their stores, which are located
opposite the Southern Pacific Railway depot. Goods are delivered by them to
any part of the city free of charge.
They have a large trade and enjoy the respect of the community, and are
known as men of integrity. No firm has done more to deserve success than
they. People living in the surrounding country will do well when in the city
to give this enterprising house a call.
Hughes, Stevens & Co., Hardware, Stoves and Crockery.
The term Hardware is one of those indefinite, comprehensive words of which
it may be said that it almost includes every ware that is hard. Popularly it
is understood to embrace all the unclassified goods made of iron and steel,
including all the appliances of the mechanical arts, from a file to a mill
saw, many articles in use in common life, from a rat trap to a coach spring
; articles as varied in appearance, size and use as can well be conceived.
In fact whatever a hardware dealer may choose to sell is hardware.
Perhaps the largest, best known and most popular establishment devoted to
this line in Tucson is that owned by Messrs. Hughes, Stevens & Company who
are successors to Stevens & Hughes. They deal extensively in every
description of hardware and agricultural implements, stoves, tinware, lamps
and all kinds of kitchen furniture, refrigerators, crockery, cutlery, glass
and Japan ware, moline wagons, buckboards and all kinds of road vehicles,
carriages and carts. All kinds of tin, sheet iron and copper work, plumbing,
and gasfitting are done promptly and satisfactorily by them.
The "On Time" Mohawk and Charter Oak Stoves are special features in their
stock as well as windmills and all kinds of pumping machinery. They also
keep mowers, reapers, Oliver chilled plows, barbed wire, and all kinds of
gas and water piping.
This establishment has been under the control of the present firm for the
last eight years. They carry a stock of about $12.5,000, and their business
transactions extend over the northern parts of Mexico, as well as all over
the southern part of Arizona. Their business house is located at the corner
of Congress and Main streets. Their stores are 100x160 feet and there is a
large warehouse in connection. Mr. Hughes has been County Treasurer, and is
now Territorial Auditor. Mr. Stt vens was delegate to Congress for two terms
Both of these gentlemen are well known throughout the Territory, and are men
of great business experience. From their long residence in this country
they, of course, know thoroughly what class of goods best meet the demands
of the people and what are best adapted for use in this section. Their
business has become through the maintenance of strict business principles,
one of the chief mercantile establishments in the whole Territory.
H. Buehman, Landscape and Portrait Photographer.
Among the many staunch concerns of the city, whose reputation is not only
local, but extends throughout the surrounding country, is that of H.
Buehman, the Photographer. Mr. Buehman's business was established in 1874.
The premises occupied by him are admirably arranged and equipped. The
operating room is furnished with the most improved apparatus and appliances
for producing the most perfect work. He possesses superior facilities for
executing all orders in the promptest and most satisfactory manner, and his
photographic work cannot be excelled for brilliancy of execution, and
harmony of effect. He carries the largest stock of mouldings in the
Territory ,,and makes picture frames of all kinds, to order; keeps a full
line of amateur outfits, oil paintings, engravings, and does developing,
retrenching, printing and finishing for the trade. Mr. Buehman is an expert
photographer, having been in the business 2.5 years, and is recognized as
one of the foremost representatives of the profession in the country. He
makes a specialty of Arizona views, and Indian pictures, and is taxed to the
utmost to supply his trade in this line.
Mr. Buehman was born in Germany, but has been here 16 years, he is looked
upon by the community as a thorough going business man, and a most valuable
citizen.
San Xavier Hotel, _. C. Heaton, Proprietor.
Equally important with the leading mercantile and manufacturing enterprises
which give reputation to a city for progressive spirit, are all
establishments which conduce to the convenience and accommodation of the
traveling public.
Among the most prominent of this kind of establishments in the city is the
well-known San Xavier Railroad Hotel. The present proprietor of this
commodious hotel took charge in April 1889. From that time the house took a
very high place in the popular favor, a position which it has ever since
maintained and it ranks to-day as one of the leading hotels in the
Southwest.
It contains over forty rooms and has accommodation for over one hundred
guests. This hotel is patronized by people from all parts, tourists making
it their headquarters. A great many people come from abroad and spend the
entire winter at this beautifully surrounded hotel. The large dining-room,
75x40 feet, is well lighted and ventilated. The whole structure covers an
area of over one acre and has a broad piazza running all around it.
Before Mr. Heaton took charge of the house, he had the management of the
well-known eating house at Bowie Station. He is a gentleman well and
favorably known throughout the Southwest and is an experienced hotelman,
capable, obliging and courteous, and deservedly popular with the traveling
public. He is assisted by Mrs. Heaton, who presides over her department with
such ease and success in making everything agreeable for the guests, as show
that she thoroughly understands the business, and the duties which she has
to discharge.
Dr. Geo. Martin, Druggist.
Were it necessary to single out a man, distinguished, at home and abroad,
wherever the city of is known, for the possession of all the eminent
qualifications to secure success and prominence particular business, the
selection would fall on George Martin as entitled to front rank in his
profession in the Southwest. The establishment of this most popular
gentleman is located on the south side of Congress street, at No. 314,
between Church street and Stone avenue.
Mr. Martin keeps a full line of pure drugs and chemicals and also deals in
all the finest perfumes and toilet articles. A full line of the various
patent medicines he has always on hand. One great advantage he has over
other houses is in the fact that prescriptions are compounded in his store
both night and day. Therefore the public can be always accommodated.
Mr. Martin has a very large acquaintance all over the Territory and is a
gentleman always obliging and courteous and ever ready to administer to the
wants of those who are in need.
He is also considered one of the "standbys" of the city and is always one of
the first to aid in promoting all public enterprises.
Hon. Harry R. Jeffords.
Was born in Dayton, Ohio, January 25, 1855, but at an early age removed to Natchez, Miss., and for many years made this his home. He received his law education in the Law School of Columbia College in the City of New York. In 1873 he became Cotton Register of Issequena County, Miss., and he had before that time been Cotton Tax Collector of the same county. He was admitted to the bar at Mayersville, Miss., in December of 1874, and at once became the law partner of his father, Judge E. Jeffords. In 1881, when only 26 years old he was elected State Senator from Washington, Issequena and Sharkey counties, Miss., being the youngest man that has been elected to that honorable body since the war of the Rebellion. The senatorial district which he represented was one of the most popular and wealthy in the State, and the great popularity which his talents and genial manners had gained for him, is attested by the fact, that although being an outspoken Republican, Mr. Jeffords polled every vote cast in Issequena county, where he lived. He was a member of the Senate Judiciary Committee, selected on account of his well-known ability, for two terms. He continued to practice law in partnership with his father until 1884, when he came to Tucson, Ariz. The following year he formed a partnership with Hon. S. M. Franklin in this city, and since that time has practiced law in connection with him. In 1886 he was elected District Attorney of Pima County, and in May, 1889, was appointed U. S. Attorney for Arizona, which position he holds at present. Mr. Jeffords has met with great success in the practice of his profession, and ranks with the foremost as a lawyer and an eloquent orator.
